scholarly journals Description of Lepiotaceous Fungal Species of the Genera Chlorophyllum, Clarkeinda, Macrolepiota, Pseudolepiota, and Xanthagaricus, from Laos and Thailand

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Phongeun Sysouphanthong ◽  
Naritsada Thongklang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Else C. Vellinga
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
First Time

In our ongoing research on lepiotaceous taxa (Agaricaceae s.l.) in Laos and northern Thailand, we focus here on Chlorophyllum, Clarkeinda, Macrolepiota, Pseudolepiota, and Xanthagaricus. Collections were obtained from various habitats, including agricultural habitats, grasslands, and rainforests. A total of 12 taxa were examined and investigated. Of these 12, two are new for science; viz. Xanthagaricus purpureosquamulosus with brownish-grey to violet-brown squamules on a pale-violet to violet background; it shares the pileus color with X. caeruleus and X. ianthinus, but differs in other characters; and Macrolepiota excelsa, rather similar to M. procera but related toM. detersa. Two species, Pseudolepiota zangmui and Xanthagaricus necopinatus are recorded for the first time in Thailand. Four species of Chlorophyllum and a total of four species of Macrolepiota were found, viz., C. demangei and C. hortense with white basidiospores, C. molybdites and C. globosum with green basidiospores, M. detersa, M. dolichaula, the new M. excelsa, and M. velosa. Another rather common striking species is Clarkeinda trachodes, with yellow-green basidiospores. Each species is described in detail, with color photographs and line drawings. Phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region, the large subunit nuclear ribosomal (nrLSU) DNA and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) genes provide evidence for the placement of the species covered.

scholarly journals New taxa in Glomeromycota: Polonosporaceae fam. nov., Polonospora gen. nov., and P. polonica comb. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-951
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Piotr Niezgoda ◽  
Edward Meller ◽  
Paweł Milczarski ◽  
Szymon Zubek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
New Family

AbstractPhylogenetic analyses of sequences of the nuc rDNA small subunit (18S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), and large subunit (28S) region (= 18S-ITS-28S), as well as sequences of this region concatenated with sequences of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) gene, proved that the species originally described as Acaulospora polonica (phylum Glomeromycota) represents a new genus and a new family of the ancient order Archaeosporales, here introduced into the Glomeromycota under the names Polonospora and Polonosporaceae, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses and BLASTn queries also indicated that the Polonosporaceae with P. polonica comb. nov. still contains several morphologically undescribed taxa at the ranks of genus and species, which have a worldwide distribution.

scholarly journals Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of Amauroderma s. lat. (Ganodermataceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-F. Sun ◽  
D.H. Costa-Rezende ◽  
J.-H. Xing ◽  
J.-L. Zhou ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and double-walled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF) and the β-tubulin gene (TUB). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma. The classification of Amauroderma s. lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa, and Sanguinoderma are also provided.

scholarly journals The Phylogenetic Relationship Revealed Three New Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Species From Genus Trechispora

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Chang-Lin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Wood Degradation ◽  
Inference Methods

Wood-inhabiting fungi play a significant role in wood degradation and the cycle of matter in the ecological system. In the present study, three new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Trechispora bambusicola, Trechispora fimbriata, and Trechispora fissurata spp. nov., are nested in Trechispora, which are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (nLSU) regions of the studied samples were generated, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS showed that T. bambusicola was sister to Trechispora stevensonii, T. fimbriata grouped with Trechispora nivea, and T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora echinospora. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS + nLSU sequences demonstrated that T. bambusicola formed a single lineage and then grouped with Trechispora rigida and T. stevensonii. T. fimbriata was sister to T. nivea. T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora thelephora.

scholarly journals Unveiling the Hidden Diversity of Rock-Inhabiting Fungi: Chaetothyriales from China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Lei Su ◽  
Shun Yang ◽  
Jingzu Sun ◽  
Bingjie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi

Rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF) are nonlichenized fungi that naturally colonize rock surfaces and subsurfaces. The extremely slow growth rate and lack of distinguishing morphological characteristics of RIF resulted in a poor understanding on their biodiversity. In this study, we surveyed RIF colonizing historical stone monuments and natural rock formations from throughout China. Among over 1000 isolates, after preliminary delimitation using the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences, representative isolates belonging to Trichomeriaceae and Herpotrichiellaceae were selected for a combined analysis of ITS and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nucLSU) to determine the generic placements. Eight clades representing seven known genera and one new genus herein named as Anthracina were placed in Trichomeriaceae. While, for Herpotrichiellaceae, two clades corresponded to two genera: Cladophialophora and Exophiala. Fine-scale phylogenetic analyses using combined sequences of the partial actin gene (ACT), ITS, mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal DNA (mtSSU), nucLSU, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (SSU), translation elongation factor (TEF), and β-tubulin gene (TUB) revealed that these strains represented 11 and 6 new species, respectively, in Trichomeriaceae and Herpotrichiellaceae. The 17 new species were described, illustrated for their morphologies and compared with similar taxa. Our study demonstrated that the diversity of RIF is surprisingly high and still poorly understood. In addition, a rapid strategy for classifying RIF was proposed to determine the generic and familial placements through preliminary ITS and nucLSU analyses, followed by combined analyses of five loci selected from ACT, ITS, mtSSU, nucLSU, RPB1, and/or the second subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2), SSU, TEF, and TUB regions to classify RIF to the species level.

New and noteworthy species of white Entoloma (Agaricales, Entolomataceae) in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Lan He ◽  
Tai-Hui Li ◽  
Wei-Hong Peng ◽  
Bing-Cheng Gan
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
The Common

Three species of Entoloma with white basidioma in subgenus Alboleptonia from China are reported in this paper. Entoloma crocotillum is described as new to science from high altitudes in southwestern China. It is characterized by the small, white to pinkish pileus covered with matted-appressed fibrils, relatively large basidiospores with 5–6 angles, and the common presence of clamp-connections. Entoloma sulcatum, a new Chinese record, and E. stylophorum are documented based on new collections. Additionally, ITS (internal transcribed spacer region), nLSU (nuclear large subunit), and RPB2 (RNA polymerase II second largest subunit) sequences of E. crocotillum were successfully generated, and the phylogenetic positions of the three species among Alboleptonia species and other entolomatoid groups are preliminarily analyzed based on the combined nLSU and RPB2 dataset. The phylogenetic analysis showed that E. crocotillum is most closely related to E. sericellum and that Alboleptonia is not a monophyletic group.

Revisiting the phylogeny of Ocellularieae, the second largest tribe within Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaphan Kraichak ◽  
Sittiporn Parnmen ◽  
Robert Lücking ◽  
EIMY RIVAS PLATA ◽  
André Aptroot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Name ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Large Subunit Rdna ◽  
First Time

We present an updated 3-locus molecular phylogeny of tribe Ocellularieae, the second largest tribe within subfamily Graphidoideae in the Graphidaceae. Adding 165 newly generated sequences from the mitochondrial small subunit rDNA (mtSSU), the nuclear large subunit rDNA (nuLSU), and the second largest subunit of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (RPB2), we currently distinguish 218 species among the sequenced material, including the outgroup. This corresponds to almost half the species at this point recognized within this tribe. The newly generated sequences include 23 newly described species and one newly described genus published elsewhere in this volume. For the first time, Sarcographina cyclospora Müll. Arg., in spite of its distinctly lirellate ascomata, is shown to belong in tribe Ocellularieae, as strongly supported sister to Ocellularia inturgescens (Müll. Arg.) Mangold. The following six new combinations are proposed: Melanotrema lynceodes (Nyl.) Rivas Plata, Lücking & Lumbsch, Ocellularia curranii (Vain.) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, O. khasiana (Patw. & Nagarkar) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, O. cinerea (Müll. Arg.) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, O. erodens (R. C. Harris) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch, and O. laeviuscula (Nyl) Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch. Further, the new name Ocellularia hernandeziana Kraichak, Lücking & Lumbsch is introduced for Myriotrema ecorticatum. The nomenclatural status of the name Ocellularia microstoma is clarified.

scholarly journals Two pleosporalean root-colonizing fungi, Fuscosphaeria hungarica gen. et sp. nov. and Delitschia chaetomioides, from a semiarid grassland in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pintye ◽  
Dániel G. Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Plant Materials

AbstractIn this study, we investigated two unidentified lineages of root-colonizing fungi belonging to the order Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes), which were isolated from Festuca vaginata (Poaceae), a dominant grass species in the semiarid sandy grasslands of Hungary. For molecular phylogenetic studies, seven loci (internal transcribed spacer, partial large subunit and small subunit region of nrRNA, partial transcription elongation factor 1-α, RNA polymerase II largest subunit, RNA polymerase II second largest subunit, and ß-tubulin genes) were amplified and sequenced. Based on morphology and multilocus phylogenetic analyses, we found that one lineage belonged to Delitschia chaetomioides P. Karst. (Delitschiaceae), and the isolates of the other lineage represented a novel monotypic genus in the family Trematosphaeriaceae (suborder Massarineae). For this lineage, we proposed a new genus, Fuscosphaeria, represented by a single species, F. hungarica. In both lineages, only immature and degenerated sporocarps could be induced. These were sterile, black, globose, or depressed globose structures with numerous mycelioid appendages submerged in culture media or on the surface of autoclaved plant materials. Both species are first reported here as root-colonizing fungi.

Heterobasidion amyloideopsis sp. nov. (Basidiomycota, Russulales) evidenced by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO ◽  
MALKA SABA ◽  
ABDUL NASIR KHALID ◽  
JIE SONG ◽  
DONALD H. PFISTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Annual Habit

Heterobasidion amyloideopsis sp. nov., a new poroid wood-inhabiting species from Pakistan, is introduced based on a combination of molecular evidence and morphological characteristics. We generated sequences from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), focusing on two specimens from Pakistan. We performed phylogenetic analyses with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and bayesian inference methods on two datasets (RPB1+RPB2 and ITS+nLSU+RPB1+RPB2). Both analyses supported the existence of the new species and showed that it formed a monophyletic group within the H. insulare complex as a sister to H. amyloideum. In addition to assessing the origin and divergence of this new species, we focused on the RPB1+RPB2 dataset to perform maximum likelihood based estimation and Bayesian binary analyses. Heterobasidion amyloideopsis is characterized by an annual habit, pileate basidiomata with a rust colored pileal surface, white, obtuse margin, a dimitic hyphal system with simple septate generative hyphae in the trama and clamp connections present on the contextual hyphae, amyloid skeletal hyphae and broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, fairly thick-walled, and asperulate basidiospores.

A new species of Inocybe representing the Nothocybe lineage

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. DEEPNA LATHA ◽  
PATINJAREVEETTIL MANIMOHAN ◽  
P. BRANDON MATHENY
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
A New Species

Inocybe distincta sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India. A comprehensive description, photographs, line drawings and comments are provided. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), a portion of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) and a portion of the nuclear second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) gene of this species were sequenced and analyzed. BLASTn searches using nrLSU and RPB2 sequences and subsequent ML phylogenetic analysis of combined nrLSU and RPB2 sequences confirmed that Inocybe distincta is a representative of the Nothocybe lineage. As the Nothocybe lineage is assumed to have affinities to I. cutifracta, and as there are different interpretations of that species, we examined the holotype of I. cutifracta collected by T. Petch and another collection from Sri Lanka identified as I. cutifracta by D. N. Pegler, and we present here our observations on these collections.

scholarly journals Species Diversity and Molecular Phylogeny of Cyanosporus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Liu ◽  
Lu-Lu Shen ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tai-Min Xu ◽  
Genevieve Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene

Cyanosporus is a cosmopolitan brown-rot fungal genus, recognizable by blue-tinted basidiocarps. Species in this genus were usually treated as belonging to the Postia caesia complex, however, recent phylogenetic analyses showed that this complex represents an independent genus. During further studies on Cyanosporus, five new species were discovered based on morphological features and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses of Cyanosporus were conducted using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU), the small subunit of mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF); illustrated descriptions of the new species are provided. In addition, fifteen species previously belonging to the Postia caesia complex are transferred to Cyanosporus and proposed as new combinations.

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