scholarly journals The Road to the Salvation of Mankind: Additions to the Series of Glass Designs by the Crabeth Brothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Van Ruyven-Zeman
Keyword(s):  
First Episode ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
The Road ◽  
Glass Panels

The two newly-discovered drawings by the glass painter Dirck Crabeth presented here fit seamlessly into his series The Road to the Salvation of Man, which has long been known. The drawings are the design for the first episode, until recently known only as a glass panel, and the original of the second episode, the copy of which, along with two copies of other episodes are in Museum Catharijneconvent in Utrecht. Stylistic clues have made it possible to date Dirck Crabeth’s drawings and the corresponding surviving glass panels earlier, to around 1545-50. They share the thinking represented in a Lutheran series of prints by Frans Huys dating from around 1560 to a design by Gerard van Groeningen, which was discussed by Daniel Horst. An analysis of the career of the young Wouter Crabeth, his collaboration with Dirck and characteristics of their different styles demonstrates that the three copies in Utrecht could be by Wouter Crabeth, contrary to the recent attribution by Ilja Veldman to the Antwerp artist Pieter Huys, Frans’s brother, and in line with the previously held attribution to one of Dirck’s assistants.

scholarly journals Numerical Evaluation of Slender Glass Panel with Complex Geometry Subjected to Static Load and Soft-body Impact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Soft Body ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Current Standards

Current standards and glass codes of design practice require that glazing used in architectural applications has to be resistant to, in addition to typical loads, also accidental events, in particular human impact, without showing damage that is disproportionate to the original cause. A case study was performed of an indoor glass lantern in a public building made from slender two-side supported glass panels with a complex geometry (36 ventilation holes). The paper provides structural assessments and results of in-situ experiments including static loading and soft body impact. Results from numerical simulations of impact loading on the glass panels complementing the experimental results are also presented.

scholarly journals Design and Experiment of a Novel Façade Cleaning Robot with a Biped Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Nansai ◽  
Keichi Onodera ◽  
Prabakaran Veerajagadheswar ◽  
Mohan Rajesh Elara ◽  
Masami Iwase
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Interpolation ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Cleaning Robot ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Glass Facade ◽  
Cleaning Robots ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
Glass Façade

Façade cleaning in high-rise buildings has always been considered a hazardous task when carried out by labor forces. Even though numerous studies have focused on the development of glass façade cleaning systems, the available technologies in this domain are limited and their performances are broadly affected by the frames that connect the glass panels. These frames generally act as a barrier for the glass façade cleaning robots to cross over from one glass panel to another, which leads to a performance degradation in terms of area coverage. We present a new class of façade cleaning robot with a biped mechanism that is able overcome these obstacles to maximize its area coverage. The developed robot uses active suction cups to adhere to glass walls and adopts mechanical linkage to navigate the glass surface to perform cleaning. This research addresses the design challenges in realizing the developed robot. Its control system consists of inverse kinematics, a fifth polynomial interpolation, and sequential control. Experiments were conducted in a real scenario, and the results indicate that the developed robot achieves significantly higher coverage performance by overcoming both negative and positive obstacles in a glass panel.

Material flow design and simulation for a glass panel recycling installation

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicerone Laurentiu Popa ◽  
Costel Emil Cotet ◽  
Diana Popescu ◽  
Mihai Florin Solea ◽  
Simona Gheorghiţa Şaşcîm (Dumitrescu) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Waste Flow ◽  
Processing Architecture

The current paper presents the design of a glass panels recycling flow and the method used for establishing the optimal processing installation architecture. In the solution provided in the current research, a novel approach centred on applying digital twinning in the design of the requested processing architecture is presented. It involves designing the virtual prototype of the diffused processing architecture and modelling the glass waste flow as a hybrid material flow. Dedicated analysis and simulation software is then used for establishing installation architecture and the specific parameters for each processing and transport capacity. The assessment of different processing scenarios by virtual modelling and simulations can also be used for exploring options to increase productivity and profit for other different recycling architectures. The main practical value of the study consists of creating the means to improve the waste recycling of automotive windshields, float glass or construction glass panels with metallic meshes, all representing categories of waste insufficiently recycled in Romania. The simulation results of the study were validated by tests made on the glass panel recycling installation. Also, a recovery glass rate of minimum 85% of the amount of waste loaded into the recycling system was achieved, obtaining a waste recycling quantity three times higher than initially anticipated.

Development of High-Efficiency and Crack-Free Grinding Process for Chamfering of LCD Glass Edge

2013 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.B. Tian ◽  
H. Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Glass Edge

Glass panels are one of core components in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Grinding is an essential edge chamfering process in the preparation of LCD glass panel. With the size of glass panel increasing, both high productivity and high quality are required in the edge chamfering process. However, surface and subsurface defects are usually introduced to the chamfered glass edge under high-efficiency grinding conditions. In this work, we explored to develop crack-free grinding process while maintaining high chamfering efficiency with two designed diamond wheels for the chamfering of LCD glass edges. The grinding performance was compared and analyzed in terms of surface roughness and morphology. Normal and tangential grinding forces were measured to characterize the material removal characteristics. It was found that crack-free grinding/chamfering of LCD glass edge was achieved under high-efficiency grinding conditions i.e. wheel speed of 52.3 m/s, feed rate of 10 m/min, depth of cut of 50 μm. The developed grinding process is potential to reduce subsequent polishing time and cost or even replace subsequent polishing process for the preparation of LCD glass edge.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF HYSTERETIC RESPONSE OF GLASS INFILLED WOODEN FRAMES

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Antolinc ◽  
Vlatka Rajčić ◽  
Roko Žarnić
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wall ◽  
Viscous Damping ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Equivalent Viscous Damping ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Timber Frame ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Hysteresis Response

The idea of the present study is to determine the performance of timber-glass hybrid shear wall exposed to monotone and cyclic horizontal in-plane load at the level of story height which is simulation of situation during earthquake or wind load. Fourteen quasi-static in-plane racking tests of shear wall specimens have been conducted where the specimens are composed of laminated timber frame and heat strengthened laminated glass panels, which are adhesive less, connected to wooden frame with friction only. For the evaluation of the experimental results the software (HYSPA+) was developed which is giving the information on normalised stiffness degradation and equivalent viscous damping coefficient based on the in-plane hysteresis response. The results are showing that described structural components are ductile with relatively high potential for dissipating of induced energy due to friction connection of glass panel and wooden frame. Observed damages were concentrated in timber frame joints, while glass panels remained entirely undamaged. In continuation of development of glass infilled wooden frames the configuration of frame joints will be modified to achieve its higher load bearing capacity and lower deformability.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Façade and Floor Glazing Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Themistoklis Tsalkatidis ◽  
Magne Moastuen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Parametric Finite Element Analysis

The use of point-supported systems in glass façades and floors has become widespread due to their excellent structural properties. The combination of glass and metal, frequently found in modern architectural norms and expressions, has highlighted the role of such systems and the need for constant optimization of their design. This research paper aims to examine the influence of modifying several geometrical parameters such as the thickness and the weight of the structural spider connectors, the arm-core ratio of the spider, the thickness of the glass panel and the spider arm cavities on the structural performance of a spider connector produced by one of the market-leading manufacturers. Therefore, a parametric finite element analysis is performed, where four alternative versions of the spider are constructed, in addition to the reference version, using ANSYS software program. The numerical model of the reference spider is verified against experimental data from the manufacturer of the structural spider connector. A total number of twelve case studies that consist of different combinations of spiders and glass’ thickness are examined, five for the façade and seven for the floor glazing system. The focus of the numerical investigation is placed on the spider itself and the results of the parametric finite element analysis are presented and discussed. The effectiveness of having core cavities and hollowed-out arms in spiders is proven. The use of stronger but heavier spiders is an acceptable alternative if they are connected to larger glass panels that results in reducing the number of spiders without increasing significantly the total weight of the glazing system.

scholarly journals Acrylic Panels Applications as Building Materials and Daylighting Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-272
Author(s):  
Rawan AlQudah ◽  
◽  
Ahmed Freewan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Acrylic Glass ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Real Size

Enormous studies have been conducted to enhance the daylighting utilization in buildings either by direct lighting techniques, lighting reflection systems, lighting transporting systems, or by light tracking systems. The current research aims at evaluating acrylic panels as a light transmitting medium and studying their possible applications to bring natural light to inner spaces due to the lack of researches on acrylic sheets. Acrylic panels utilize the total internal reflection phenomena to convey the light for long distances. The research depended on real experiments and real measurements by using physical models with real dimensions. Many design variables had been studied like thickness, length, orientations and surroundings materials. The long-term measurements showed that acrylic panels could transmit light 8 times greater than the glass sheets, and the thickness of 20 mm for the acrylic glass panel, 30 cm collector length, 20cm diffuser length, with a steel surrounding on both sides show a great potential to transmit light up to 3493.3 lux at the diffuser during the peak hours in summer. While the results of the real size daylighting chamber show that the acrylic glass could transmit light up to 580 lux during the peak hours in summer. The study showed that the number and the distribution of acrylic glass panels in the space depend on the needed illuminance task levels. Moreover, the acrylic glass panels could be easily integrated with building materials in walls and roofs.

scholarly journals Simple Laminated Glass Panels with Embedded Point Connection under Short-Term Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022079
Author(s):  
Michaela Zdražilová ◽  
Zdeněk Sokol ◽  
Martina Eliášová
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Glass Structure ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Glass Panels

Abstract Glass is a very attractive material for contemporary architecture. The trend is to achieve a maximum transparency of structures; therefore it becomes common to use glass as a material for load-bearing structural elements. Glass facades, roofs, beams or columns are widely used in buildings. The problematic part of a glass structure design is the connection between the glass pieces or between the glass elements and substructures from another material (e.g. steel, concrete etc.). The connection must be capable of bearing the stresses performing during the lifetime period and it should be as unobtrusive as possible at the same time. The ongoing research at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague is focused on an embedded laminated point connection for glass structures. Within this research, the real-scale glass panels were tested. The samples consisted of two glass plies bonded with the EVA foil. For the undrilled ply, the float glass was used in all cases. The thermally toughened or the heat strengthened glass was used for the pre-drilled ply. There was one embedded steel countersunk bolt with HDPE liners placed in each corner of the sample. During the experiment, the samples were horizontally placed using the embedded bolts. The load-bearing capacity of the six tested specimens was determined. The load was applied in several loading and unloading cycles until the collapse of the first embedded connection. If the glass panel failed before the connection, the sample was completely unloaded and then the load was gradually increasing until the collapse of the connection. Vertical deflection and the stresses at two different points were measured during the loading cycles. The humidity and the temperature were also monitored. The experiment showed the way of collapse and a short-term load-bearing capacity of a laminated glass panel with four embedded point connections.

Preparation of Decorative Building Glass-Ceramics by Using Cracked-Glass Panel as Precursor

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1836-1839
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Yan Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
End Products ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
New Type ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Depending on surface and crack crystallization mechanism, a new type of glass-ceramics as a decorative building material has been obtained by using cracked-glass panel as precursor to replace glass grains used in conventional sintering process. In the comparative and parallel experiment, cracked-glass panels and glass grains were made from the same glass melt belonging to CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 family, and were heat-treated parallelly and transformed into two types of glass-ceramics tagged as CG-GCs and GG-GCs respectively. XRD patterns and SEM micrographs of CG-GCs demonstrate that cracked-glass can deposit β-wollastonite. Properties tests show that the compactness of CG-GCs is higher than that of GG-GCs, signifying that, in comparison to glass grains in conventional sintering process, using cracked-glass panel as precursor in this study can reduce the porosity of end products. In addition, it is of great interest that the polished surface of CG-GCs can exhibit excellent texture much different from granular one of conventional GG-GCs.

Architectural Glass Panels with Rounded Corners to Mitigate Earthquake Damage

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Memari ◽  
Paul A. Kremer ◽  
Richard A. Behr
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Corner Radius ◽  
Edge Surface ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Glass Edge

The concept of employing architectural glass panels with modified corner geometries and edge finish conditions to improve their resistance to earthquake damage has been developed recently. To accomplish this, material is removed at glass panel corners (e.g., by rounding the glass corners) and glass edges are finished in the modified corner regions to minimize protrusions and edge surface roughness. The concept is applicable to a wide variety of architectural glass types and glazing frame types. Full-scale dynamic racking tests have shown that corner radius and glass edge finish conditions near the reshaped corner regions have significant influences on glass cracking and glass fallout drift resistances of monolithic architectural glass panels used in curtain walls.

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