scholarly journals Implementation of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program of a Municipality in Negros Occidental

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Kim C. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
National Government ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Tenure Status ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
Significant Difference

The implementation of land reform programs has become the point of issue in many parts of Asia, including the Philippines. This descriptive-comparative study determined the extent of implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) among the Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs) and implementers. Using the researcher-made questionnaire, 189 ARBs who are cultivating the CARP covered lands, and 9 CARP implementers provided data for this study. Aided by descriptive-comparative statistics, findings showed a great extent of implementation. It further revealed a significant difference in the extent of implementation of CARP as assessed by the ARBS and implementers. However, it showed no significant difference when ARBs were grouped according to the size of landholding, land tenure status, and crops planted. Moreover, there are challenges identified in the implementation of CARP that should be addressed by the DAR and other national government agencies involved in the implementation.

AGRARIAN REFORM UNDER THE REIGN OF JOKO WIDODO VIEWED FROM BASIC AGRARIAN LAW

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Rizka Refliarny ◽  
Herawan Sauni ◽  
Hamdani Ma'akir
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Will ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Agrarian Law ◽  
Priority Program

This study raises the issue of agrarian reform draft under the reign of President Joko Widodo. Agrarian reform became a priority program in the RPJMN of 2015-2019. Based on this matter, the writer analyzes the concept of agrarian reform during the reign of Joko Widodo terms of BAL. The nature of the study was a normative research with statute approach, which was done in four ways, namely descriptive, comparative, evaluative and argumentative. The results showed that the agrarian reform draft during the reign of Joko Widodo is a concept of land stewardship and land reform. The economic system leads to a form of capitalism. It is necessary to conduct refinement of content and material of BAL implementation in order to achieve the justice and the welfare of the nation and the State. The agrarian reform program should be carried out in stages in order to obtain the desired results. It requires the will, ability and active involvement of all elements of the state.

scholarly journals The THE CONCEPT OF THE LAND REFORM IN CUSTOMARY LAW OF THE JAVANESE COMMUNITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Widhiana Hestining Puri
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Community Regulation ◽  
The Village

THE CONCEPT OF THE LAND REFORM IN CUSTOMARY LAW OF THE JAVANESE COMMUNITY   Widhiana H. Puri Phd Student at Law Fakulty of Gadjah Mada University and Lecture in National Land Academy, Indonesia. Email [email protected] Research Highlights   Land reform is a state effort to overcome the imbalance of land tenure in the community (Wiradi, 2000 # 1). Customary law in the Javanese community recognizes the existence of a mechanism of welfare distribution through the ownership and joint use of land in community togetherness bonds based on territorial factors as well as the concept of land reform. The existence of customary land as pekulen land is land owned by the village whose use rights can be requested by the villagers with a rotating utilization mechanism among the villagers in need (Luthfi, 2010 # 2). The study found that indigenous peoples in Java had a welfare distribution mechanism that was the essence of land reform or agrarian reform through a mechanism of land communalization and distribution of its use carried out on a shared land / communal land of the village in rotation.     Research Objectives This research was conducted in order to understand the phenomena of the implementation of law that developed in the community. The existence of community law or so-called non state law, informal law, or customary law in Indonesia is very numerous. The reality of this law is that the majority is still far from the attention and order of a positive and formal state legal arrangement. The community regulation model is an effort to meet the needs of its legal ideals in the midst of limited state positive law arrangements that tend to be more static and less responsive (Puri, 2017 # 16). The community regulation mechanism is a manifestation of unity in the village community where the distribution of land use is carried out among community members who have a concept in line with the national agrarian policy of the country called land reform. The regulatory model initiated from the local level becomes the learning material for how the land regulation mechanism is not always top down, but can be bottom up based on customary law that is proven effective and in accordance with the characteristics of the local community.     Methodology This research was carried out through an empirical legal research model with research locations in villages in Pituruh Subdistrict, Purworejo Regency, Central Java Province. This research is a kind of analytical descriptive research that is directed to get an idea of ​​how the implementation of Javanese traditions in land management has a concept similar to land reform or agrarian reform. In order to analyze existing traditions, a socio-legal approach is carried out, namely a study of the law using the approach of law and social sciences in order to analyze it (Irianto, 2012 # 17). The legal approach referred to is not only to see aspects of norms that are built on the provisions of customary law alone but by looking at their relevance to the regulation of the positive law of the country as the territory of the enactment of the community regulation. This is to see the common thread and the interrelationship between the two and avoid the release of the phenomenon of legal pluralism that is within the scope of national law. So that the legal norms of the community can be assessed as the model of regulation that can be applied in other regions.     Results Javanese people in Indonesia have a land regulation mechanism that has a concept similar to that of land reform or agrarian reform by the state. The customary law of the Javanese community has a common bond based on territorial factors or similarity in the area of ​​residence (Taneko, 2002 # 11). Customary law communities with their customary rights can own and control land both in the concept of individual property rights and communal / communal property rights. The concept of shared property / communal rights illustrates the existence of ownership rights by all members of the community embodied in village control (Susanto, 1983 # 18). One form of joint ownership is the right of possession which can be controlled by community members with the permission of the village government to be used for the benefit of themselves and their families with a rotating mechanism. At present, land is experiencing strengthening and individualization, but the character of togetherness and social function of land is maintained through the distribution of utilization rights of speculative land which has the status of individual property rights, in village settings.     Findings Land reform or agrarian reform is a land policy that aims to overcome the imbalance of land tenure through the distribution of land to people in need. Land reform or agrarian reform can be extended not only to the concept of distribution of land ownership but also to the control and use of land. The limitations of the number of land parcels and the need for land can be overcome through a model of tenure and shared use of land based on the concept of joint property / communal rights over land.    

Problems of Land Tenure Reform in Latin America

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Picó
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Luis Munoz Marin

My interest in land reform started very early. In fact, my first executive appointment in the Government of Puerto Rico was in 1941, even before I left academic life, when I became a member of the first Board of Directors of the Land Authority of Puerto Rico, thus participating from the start in the land reform program of Puerto Rico. Back in 1940 when the present Government of Puerto Rico headed by Luis Muñoz Marín, our present Governor but at that time President of the Senate, took over the reins of government one of the first bills approved by our legislature was for a land tenure reform program in Puerto Rico.

Pemetaan Partisipatif Guna Pengusulan Tanah Obyek Reforma Agraria (TORA) dalam Kawasan Hutan di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Hulu

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-48
Author(s):  
Fitria Nur Faizah Ekawati ◽  
M Nazir Salim ◽  
Westi Utami
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Participatory Mapping ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reform Program

Abstract: The Agrarian Reform Program of Jokowi’s era allocated land from the release of forest area of 4,1 million ha trough the Settlement of Land Tenure in Forest Areas (PPTKH) spread over 159 regencies/cities. The PPTKH proposal can only be done once by the community in the district unit. Therefore, participatory mapping is necessary so that the community can prepare the Inver PTKH proposal material. This study aims to explain the implementation, benefits and constraints of participatory mapping for proposing TORA in forest areas. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with spatial pattern analysis. Data collection is done by observation, interviews and document studies. Conduct participatory mapping with using Scaled 2D Mapping and semi-observation participatory. The results show that the benefits of participatory mapping are: the transfer of knowledge of the community, the preparation of a PPTKH proposed database for the community, and a working map for the Inver PTKH Team. The study was conducted to be an effective method of PPTKH socialization because it was carried out to the public so that the purpose of PPTKH can be understood directly.Keywords: agrarian reform, PPTKH, participatory mappingIntisari: Program Reforma Agraria era Jokowi mengalokasikan tanah dari pelepasan kawasan hutan sekitar 4,1 juta ha melalui Penyelesaian Penguasaan Tanah dalam Kawasan Hutan (PPTKH) yang tersebar dalam 159 kabupaten/kota. Usulan PPTKH hanya dapat dilakukan satu kali oleh masyarakat dalam satuan wilayah kabupaten. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pemetaan partisipatif untuk membantu masyarakat agar dapat menyiapkan bahan usulan Inver PTKH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan, manfaat dan kendala pemetaan partisipatif guna pengusulan TORA dalam kawasan hutan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis pola keruangan. Untuk memperoleh data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Pelaksanaan pemetaan partisipatif dengan teknik Scaled 2D Mapping dan observasi semi partisipatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manfaat adanya pemetaan partisipatif adalah transfer of knowledge masyarakat, penyiapan data base usulan PPTKH bagi masyarakat, dan peta kerja bagi Tim Inver PTKH. Kajian yang dilakukan menjadi metode sosialisasi PPTKH yang efektif karena dilakukan kepada masyarakat sehingga maksud PPTKH dapat dipahami secara langsung.Kata Kunci: Reforma Agraria, PPTKH, Pemetaan Partisipatif

Venezuela's Land Reform: Progress and Change

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Public Lands ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Equitable Distribution

The reform of Venezuelan land tenure dates from the overthrow of Perez Jiménez in 1958. Acción Democrática, which assumed power after the elections of that year, had already promulgated an Agrarian Reform Law during its short-lived interlude between military governments, 1946-1948. In 1959, it continued its previous policy of subdividing public lands through the agency of the Instituto Agrario Nacional (IAN), established by the earlier law. But the full-scale reform began with the new “Ley de Reforma Agraria” in March 1960. It permits expropriation of lands which are not being adequately used, with the object of replacing the “latifundio system by a just system of property, land tenure and production, based on the equitable distribution of the farmlands, the proper organisation of credit, and the provision of full-scale assistance” (Instituto Agrario Nacional, 1969).

scholarly journals The ejido-system in Mexico; some observations.

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89
Author(s):  
R.A.L. Lincklaen Arriens
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
National Production ◽  
The Creation

The author gives an appraisal of the land reform program in Mexico and an evaluation of the results. Although the agricultural production per worker has doubled during the last twenty years, the gross agricultural production has tripled in the same period, while the working population at present engaged in agriculture which amounts to 50 per cent of the working population, contributes only 20 per cent to the national production. On the ejidos the production per worker and per hectare are much less than the average. The author concludes that too much value has been attached to the land tenure aspects and the legal regulations and too little to the creation of opportunities for efficient farming. E. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Kendala Pelaksanaan Landreform di Indonesia: Analisa terhadap Kondisi dan Perkembangan Berbagai Faktor Prasyarat Pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
NFN Syahyuti
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
New Order ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />Land reform program was once successful in Indonesia in 1960’s although it included only land area and limited number of receiving farmers. The New Order government never carried out land reform program explicitly, but it was substituted with programs of certification, transmigration, and Nucleus Estate Smallholders development. All of those programs aimed at enhancing people’s access to land ownership. The governments in the reform era improve some regulations related with agrarian reform but no real program of land reform. Theoretically, there are four imperative factors as prerequisites for land reform program, namely political will of the government, solid farmers’ organization, complete data, and sufficient budget. At present, all of those factors are still difficult to realize and, thus, land reform in Indonesia is hard to be implemented simultaneously. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Program landreform pernah dicoba diimplementasikan di Indonesia pada era tahun 1960-an, meskipun hanya mencakup luasan tanah dan petani penerima dalam jumlah yang sangat terbatas. Kemudian, sepanjang pemerintahan Orde Baru, landreform tidak pernah lagi diprogramkan secara terbuka, namun diganti dengan program pensertifikatan, transmigrasi, dan pengembangan Perkebunan Inti Rakyat, yang pada hakekatnya bertujuan untuk memperbaiki akses masyarakat terhadap tanah. Sepanjang pemerintahan dalam era reformasi, telah dicapai beberapa perbaikan dalam hukum dan perundang-undangan keagrariaan, namun tetap belum dijumpai program nyata tentang landreform. Secara teoritis, ada empat faktor penting sebagai prasyarat pelaksanaan landreform, yaitu kesadaran dan kemauan dari elit politik, organisasi petani yang kuat, ketersediaan data yang lengkap, serta dukungan anggaran yang memadai. Saat ini, kondisi keempat faktor tersebut masih dalam kondisi lemah, sehingga dapat dikatakan implementasi landreform secara serentak dan menyeluruh di Indonesia masih sulit diwujudkan.

‘Before It Is Too Late’: Land Reform in South Vietnam, 1956–1968

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
David A. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Johnson Administration ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Reform Legislation ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 1960S

Attempts by the U.S. government to enact land redistribution in the Republic of Vietnam began in the mid-1950s. At that time. land reform was a linchpin of U.S. foreign policy in Asia. Wolf Ladejinsky, author of the legislation that had virtually eliminated tenancy in occupied Japan, encountered political controversy in Washington and administrative challenges in Saigon in his attempt to bring about greater equality of land ownership in South Vietnam. This initial attempt to modify land tenure arrangements failed when redistribution stalled, far from complete, during 1961. Although new land reform legislation did not appear until 1970, the 1960s were by no means years of inaction on land reform. Years of behind-the-scenes efforts by American policymakers in Washington and Saigon culminated in the Land-to-the-Tiller Law, an ambitious but doomed attempt to complete the work that Ladejinsky had begun over a decade earlier. Documents from the Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library, many newly declassified, suggest that bureaucratic intrigue and political infighting within the Johnson administration and Congress both hindered and facilitated the emergence of a new land reform program in war-ravaged South Vietnam.

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