scholarly journals Analysis of variability of decorative features of the genus Dahlia Cav. in annual culture in the conditions of the Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Elena Orlova ◽  
Elena Kozlova ◽  
Inna Zubik
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Flower Size ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Length Width

In this paper, the results of the analysis of the variability of quantitative and qualitative decorative features of hybrid dahlia varieties (Dahlia x cultorum Thorsr. et Reis) used in landscaping of the Moscow region are considered. The following varieties are used in the work: Vesioly rebjata mix, Monarch mix, Butterfly Mix, Rumba white, Unwins Bedding Mix, Collarette Dandy Mix. To assess the variability, quantitative characteristics were selected: plant height, leaf size (length, width) and petiole, inflorescence diameter, tongue flower size, abundance of flowering (number of inflorescences per plant), duration of flowering; and qualitative: bush shape, compactness, type, color, glossiness, basket type, basket position relative to leaves, position, color of tongue flowers. The variability of quantitative features was assessed by calculating the coefficients of variation, the variability of qualitative features - by establishing the modalities and frequencies of occurrence. It was found that the studied varieties are the most variable in terms of plant height and the number of inflorescences on the plant, the most stable in terms of inflorescence sizes. Keywords: ANNUAL DAHLIA, BORDER VARIETIES, MORPHOLOGICAL SIGNS, QUANTITATIVE SIGNS, QUALITATIVE SIGNS, COLOR OF INFLORESCENCES, VARIABILITY OF DECORATIVE SIGNS

scholarly journals The manifestation of the main quantitative characteristics in the populations of second-generation beans and their parent forms

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
L.S. Romanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Combination Line

The aim of the research was to study the nature of variability of the main quantitative traits in hybrid populations of the second generation Phaseolus vulgaris L. within the framework of the task 13.00.01.28. F “To study the nature of the inheritance of quantitative traits in hybrids of create a starting material with improved flavoring properties.As a result of the studies carried out, it was found that regardless of the duration of the growing season of the parent components of the crossing, in the hybrid populations of the second generation, the limits of variability for this indicator went beyond the limits of the variability of the parent forms. The average values of the duration of the growing season in hybrids were intermediate between the indicators of the corresponding parent forms. The coefficients of variation in the parent forms were insignificant (1.1 – 1.4%); in hybrid populations they were low – from 4.9% (Line 744-14 / Ukrainka) to 9.2% (Line 741-14 / Suita).In terms of plant height, the limits of variability of hybrid offspring F2 went beyond the limits of variability of the parent components. The average values of the trait in hybrid populations significantly exceeded the corresponding indicators of the parent forms. The degree of variability in plant height of hybrid populations was significant in the combination Line 872-14 / Podolyanka-1 (the parent components differ in the type of plant growth) and was equal to 20.6% versus 3.5% and 4.9% for the corresponding parent forms. In other hybrid populations, the coefficient of variation was average (Ukrainka / Suita-16.5%; Line 741-14 / Suita – 13.5%; Line 744-14 / Ukrainka -10.1%) The degree of variability of the corresponding parental forms was in the range from 2.8% to 3.1%.The widest range of variability was observed according to the characteristics of the mass of seeds from the plant, the number of seeds from the plant, the number of beans from the plant. The degree of variability of the seed mass from the plant in hybrid populations ranged from 30.3% to 39.1% (in the parent forms from 9.1% to 21.7%); the number of seeds from the plant from 22.3% to 40.7% (in the parent forms from 9.8% to 20.1%); the number of beans from the plant from 28.1% to 38.3% (in the parent forms from 4.7% to 16.2%). The degree of variation of the studied traits in hybrid populations was 2–3 times higher than in the parent forms.By the weight of 100 seeds in the offspring of the second generation, the range of variation was much wider than this indicator in the parent forms. The degree of variability on this trait was average for hybrid populations (from 10.6% to 13.4%), and insignificant for parental forms (from 3.7% to 6.6%).It is possible that the most valuable in terms of breeding may be the hybrid combination Line 872-14/Podolyanka, from the widest range of variability in the studied traits in the second generation population.

Referencing laser and ultrasonic height measurements of barleycultivars by using a herbometre as standard

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gero Barmeier ◽  
Bodo Mistele ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Field Phenotyping ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Distance Sensor

Assessment of plant height is an important factor for agronomic and breeder decisions; however, current field phenotyping, such as visual scoring or using a ruler, is time consuming, labour intensive, costly and subjective. For agronomists and plant breeders, the most common method used to measure plant height is still a meter stick. In a 3-year study, we have adopted a herbometre similar to a rising plate meter as a reference method to obtain the weighted plant height of barley cultivars and to evaluate vehicle-based ultrasonic and laser distance sensors. Sets of 30 spring barley cultivars and 14 and 60 winter barley cultivars were tested in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively. The herbometre was well suited as a reference method allowing for an increased area and was easy to handle. The herbometre measurements within a plot showed very low coefficients of variation. Good and close relationships (R2 = 0.59, 0.76, 0.80) between the herbometre and the ultrasonic distance sensor measurements were observed in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively, demonstrating also increased values of heritability. Hence, both sensors were able to differentiate among barley cultivars in standard breeding trials. For the sensors, we observed a 4-fold faster operating time and 6-fold increase of measurement points compared with the herbometre measurement. Based on these results, we conclude that distance sensors represent a powerful and economical high-throughput phenotyping tool for breeders and plant scientists to estimate plant height and to differentiate cultivars for agronomic decisions and breeding activities potentially being also applicable in other small grain cereals with dense crop stands. Particularly, ultrasonic distance sensors may reflect an agronomically and physiologically relevant plant height information.

Overexpression of the maize GRF10 , an endogenous truncated growth-regulating factor protein, leads to reduction in leaf size and plant height

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1053-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wu ◽  
Dengfeng Zhang ◽  
Ming Xue ◽  
Jianjun Qian ◽  
Yan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Size

scholarly journals Efektivitas Metode Seleksi Pedigree dan Modified Bulk pada Tiga Populasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Dewi Andriani ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Dan Trikoesoemaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Augmented Design ◽  
Materials Used

Sorghum has a growing popularity for food, feed, biofuel, and therefore needs to be developed. The research aimed to compare the effectiveness of pedigree and modified bulk selection methods for improving yield in three sorghum populations. The genetic materials used were 60 F6 lines from three populations, namely PI 10-90-A x Numbu, PI 150-20-A x Numbu and PI 150-20-A x Kawali which had been selected using pedigree and modified bulk methods. The experiment was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 at the Cikabayan Experimental Station of IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. The experiment was arranged in an augmented design with six checks, namely Kawali, Numbu, PI 10-90-A, PI 150-20-A, Samurai 1, and Samurai 2 which were replicated four times. Observations were made on agronomic traits and yield. Plant height and grain weight per panicle had high heritability and large genotypic coefficients of variation. The contrast test results showed significant differences between populations in plant height, panicle length, days of harvesting and 100-seed weight. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed among selection methods, indicating that both methods were equally effective for increasing sorghum yield. The pedigree selection and modified bulk selection increased grain yield per panicle by 14.1 g and 18.2 g respectively. Bulk of the best genotypes in early generation could be an alternative of bulk selection method. Keywords: contrast test, differential selection, genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability

scholarly journals Сортоиспытание моркови столовой в условиях Московской и Ростовской областей

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Yusupova ◽  
L.M. Sokolova ◽  
A.V. Kornev ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Domestic Breeding ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

Представлены результаты испытаний образцов моркови столовой в условиях Московской и Ростовской областей. Цель исследований – провести сортоиспытание моркови столовой в двух эколого-географических зонах и выявить различия по отдельным качественным и количественным признакам. Исследования проведены в 2017-2018 годах. Метеорологические условия 2017-2018 годов в Московской области (МО) складывались неблагоприятно для развития моркови в фазу «вилочки» и начала формирования корнеплодов. В Ростовской области жаркая и сухая погода в июле-августе отрицательно влияла на рост развитие корнеплодов. Материалом для исследований служили 3 сорта и 3 гибрида моркови столовой отечественной селекции: Корсар, Шантенэ королевская, Нанте, F1 Таврида, F1 Поиск 32, F1 Поиск 41. Полевые опыты были заложены согласно общепринятым методикам. Образцы значительно отличались по длине корнеплода: корнеплоды, выращенные в Ростовской области, имели большую длину, чем в Московской области, за исключением сорта Шантенэ королевская (11,9 и 13,2 см соответственно) и гибрида F1 Поиск 32 (18,4 и 15,8 см соответственно), у которых наблюдали обратную тенденцию. По урожайности сорта и гибриды, полученные в МО, значительно превосходили аналогичные образцы, выращенные в Ростовской области. На юге в течение двух лет испытаний лучше всех показал себя сорт Шантенэ королевская (55,0 и 54,9 т/га). В Московской области наибольшую урожайность показывал сорт Шантенэ королевская (75,0 и 69,5 т/га соответственно), гибриды F1 Поиск 32 (73,2 и 69,0 т/га), F1 Поиск 41 (69,0 и 64,7 т/га). Распространение листовых болезней в условиях Московской и Ростовской областей сводилось к тому, что в 2018 году по сравнению с 2017 годом образцы были более устойчивы, кроме гибридов F1 Таврида и F1 Поиск 41.The results of testing samples of carrots in the conditions of Moscow and Rostov regions are presented. The purpose of the research is to carry out a variety testing of carrots in two ecological-geographical zones and to identify differences in individual qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Research conducted in 2017-2018. The meteorological conditions of 2017–2018 in the Moscow Region (MO) were unfavorable for the development of carrots in the “fork” phase and the beginning of the formation of roots. In the Rostov region, hot and dry weather in July and August negatively influenced the growth of the development of roots. The material for research was 3 varieties and 3 carrot hybrids of the domestic breeding: Corsar, Shantene korolevskaya, Nante, F1 Tavrida, F1 Poisk 32, F1 Poisk 41. Field experiments were established according to generally accepted methods. The samples differed significantly in the length of the roots: roots grown in the Rostov region had a greater length than in the Moscow region, with the exception of the Shantene korolevskaya variety (11.9 and 13.2 cm, respectively) and the hybrid F1 (18.4 and 15.8 cm, respectively), which observed the opposite trend. In terms of yield, the varieties and hybrids obtained in the MO were significantly superior to similar samples grown in the Rostov region. In the south, during two years of testing, the Shantene korolevskaya variety (55.0 and 54.9 t/ha) performed best of all. In the Moscow region, the highest yield was shown by the variety Shantene korolevskaya (75.0 and 69.5 t/ha, respectively), hybrids F1 (73.2 and 69.0 t ha), F1 Poisk 41 (69.0 and 64. 7 t/ha). The spread of leaf diseases in the conditions of Moscow and Rostov regions was reduced to the fact that in 2018 compared to 2017, the samples were more stable, except for the F1 Tavrida and F1 Poisk 41.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of rye-xenic-hybrid traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lechosław Grochowski ◽  
Jan Kaczmarek ◽  
Władysław Kadłubiec ◽  
Henryk Bujak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Standard Cultivar

In field experiments performed in two localities (Smolice, Wrocław) 18 xenic hybrids of winter rye, two testers and standard cultivar Dańkowskie Złote, were analysed. The objects of detailed evaluations were 11 traits. For six of them arithmetic means (x), standard deviations (S), coefficients of variation (cv), coefficients of genetic diversity (h<sup>2</sup>), correlation coefficients were calculated. Moreover, analyses of variance were carried out and the effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were estimated. The existence of quantitative xenia in hybrids was confirmed. It was shown that xenic hybrids, in respect to most of the analysed traits, were insignificantly inferior to the testers and the standard cultivar. However, the decrease of plant height has shown to be significant and a tendency to higher yield was observed.

scholarly journals Controlling Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Will.) Height with Growth Retardant Application in West Java, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Dewi Sukma ◽  
Gina Megawati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
West Java ◽  
Internodal Length ◽  
Potted Plant ◽  
Plant Shoots

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the growth retardant Cycocel application in the growth and development of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) ‘Freedom Red’.  Cycocel was applied by spraying plant shoots at the concentrations of 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 ppm. The increase in cycocel concentrations reduced plant height, leaf size, internodal length, plant spread and the number of flowering plants. All cycocel concentrations resulted in an ideal potted plant height. The optimum spray concentration of Cycocel used to obtain compact and uniformly flowering plants under tropical West Java environment was 1000 ppm.

scholarly journals ALTERNATIVE SUBSTRATES FOR PRODUCTION OF YELLOW PASSION FRUIT SEEDLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Eduardo Santana Aires ◽  
Carlos Alberto Aragão ◽  
Itala Laiane Silva Gomes ◽  
Gilmário Noberto de Souza ◽  
Isa Gabriela Vieira de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Alternative Substrates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

This study aimed to evaluate different substrates to produce yellow passion fruit seedlings. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, from April to June 2016. A completely randomized design with five replications, in a 6 x 5 factorial scheme was used. The first factor was the alternative substrates (poultry, cattle and equine manure, sugarcane and coconut bagasse, and Organomais compost). The second factor was the replacement levels to the commercial substrate of Plantmax® (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100). The seedling evaluation was carried out 42 days after sowing. The following variables were analyzed: length, width, and the number of leaves; plant height and shoot dry matter. A significant effect (P0.05) for the interaction between the factors was verified. The addition of 60% cattle manure and Organomais to the commercial substrate Plantmax® promoted greater length, width, and the number of leaves, plant height, and shoot dry matter accumulation in the yellow passion fruit seedlings.

The value of red light at night for increasing basil yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1321-1330
Author(s):  
Jaimin S. Patel ◽  
Leora Radetsky ◽  
Mark S. Rea
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Sweet Basil

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is primarily used for culinary purposes, but it is also used in the fragrance and medicinal industries. In the last few years, global sweet basil production has been significantly impacted by downy mildew caused by Peronospora belbahrii Thines. Nighttime exposure to red light has been shown to inhibit sporulation of P. belbahrii. The objective of this study was to determine if nighttime exposure to red light from light-emitting diodes (λmax = 625 nm) could increase plant growth (plant height and leaf size) and yield (number and weight of leaves) in basil plants. In two sets of greenhouse experiments, red light was applied at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 60 μmol m−2 s−1 during the otherwise dark night for 10 h (from 2000 to 0600). The results demonstrate that exposure to red light at night can increase the number of basil leaves per plant, plant height, leaf size (length and width), and leaf fresh and dry weight compared with plants in darkness at night. The addition of incremental red light at night has the potential to be cost-effective for fresh organic basil production in controlled environments.

The level of manifestation and variation of biometric indicators of spring barley samples of collection of Uman national university of horticulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Zh. M. Novak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
National University ◽  
Average Plant

Different weather conditions provide unequal growth and development of plants, in addition, biotypes react differently to changes in external environmental factors. Scientists from Ukraine and other countries analyze varieties and samples of spring barley for the purpose of determine donors of useful traits in different soil and climatic conditions. For the purpose of combine a number of useful traits in one genotype, hybridization between geographically distant biotypes is used. Uman National University of Horticulture has a collection of spring barley samples by different geographic origin. The analyze of breeding material by biometric traits, which will allow us to determine the level of manifestation of each of them in different conditions of 2018–2020 and to determine the donors of useful traits for the further breeding process, was carried out. The weather conditions of the years of research were very different. 2018 was the most unfavorable year for early spring crops. The reason for this was the presence of snow cover until the end of March. After that were strong heat and lack of precipitation. 2019 and 2020 were more favorable for spring barley due to the long cool spring. In addition, in 2020, May and June characterized by increased rainfall. The average plant height of the studied biotypes ranged from 50 to 64 cm. Most samples had the lowest plant height 40–57 cm in 2018, and the highest – in 2020 – from 54 to 88 cm. The average spike length of the analyzed samples was 5.9–8.1 cm. There was not dependence between conditions of the research year and spike length. The number of spikelets per spike was naturally determined by the research conditions. The lowest indicators were observed in 2018 — from 7.0 to 12.0 units, while in 2019 — 16.6–23.9 units, and in 2020 — 20.2–27.7 units. The variation of plant height of the analyzed samples was medium and significant with coefficients from 13.7 to 32.6 %. There was a slight, medium and significant variation of the length of the ear (V = 2.9–23.6 %). The index of number of spikelets per spike most varied — the coefficients of variation were 32.6–55.5 %.

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