scholarly journals Biological nutrient removal from industrial wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Siphesihle Mangena Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Brewery Wastewater ◽  
Total Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Rate Kinetics ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen

South Africa is not an exception when it comes to the issue of fresh water scarcity perpetuated by environmental pollution among many other factors. Industrial wastewater particularly emanating from the brewing industry, contains high-strength organic, inorganic, and biological compounds which are toxic to the environment. Due to stringent industrial effluent dewatering standards enforced by both local and international environmental protection entities, industrial wastewater cannot be discharged into receiving water bodies prior to treatment. The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the performance or treatment efficacy of a laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor on biological nutrient removal using industrial wastewater from brewery. In this study, two laboratory scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) operated in a cyclic aerobic-anaerobic configuration inoculated with activated sludge were investigated for their removal of orthophosphates and nitrogen compounds from brewery wastewater. SBR-1 was investigated for nitrogen group pollutant removal and SBR-2 was investigated for orthophosphate removal. The findings of the study are reported based on overall removal efficacies for the following process monitoring parameters: orthophosphates, ammoniacal nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen, total inorganic nitrogen and NO3-N+NO2-N. From the investigation, the following overall removal efficacies were obtained: 69% orthophosphates, 69% ammoniacal nitrogen, 59% total Kjeldahl nitrogen, 60% total nitrogen, 64% total organic nitrogen, 67% total inorganic nitrogen and 56% NO3-N+NO2-N at an organic loading rate of 3.17 kg Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD) /m3.day with a food to microorganism ratio of 2.86 g TCOD/g Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS).day. These removal efficacies were attained for a hydraulic retention time of 18 hours for both SBRs with a solids retention time of 5 days for SBR-1 and 7 days for SBR-2. Both reactors were operated at a mesophilic temperature range of 23 to 26˚C and a pH range of 5 to 8.5. The temperature was left unadjusted because it was observed that it did not hinder any microbial activities during the biodegradation process. The Michealis-Menten’s and Monod models were implemented to study the substrate utilisation rate kinetics and microbial growth rate kinetics recording 15 141 g COD/m3.day; 12 518 g VSS/g VSS.day; 20 343 g COD/m3.day and 16 860 g VSS/g VSS.day for SBR-1 and SBR-2, respectively. The Monod model demonstrated a strong correlation fit between the substrate utilisation rate and microbial growth rate recording a polynomial correlation constant of R2 = 0.947 and 0.9582 for SBR-1 and SBR-2, respectively. The findings of this study showed that the cyclic aerobic-anaerobic configuration on a laboratory scale SBR inoculated with activated sludge for treatment of brewery wastewater for biological nutrients was feasible.

scholarly journals Comparison of hybrid membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR)/suspended growth and conventional biological nutrient removal processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1428
Author(s):  
Avery L. Carlson ◽  
Huanqi He ◽  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Glen T. Daigger
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Tin Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Abstract Mathematical modelling was used to investigate the possibility to use membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) in a largely anoxic suspended growth bioreactor to produce the nitrate-nitrogen required for heterotrophic denitrification and the growth of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs). The results indicate that such a process can be used to achieve a variety of process objectives. The capture of influent biodegradable organic matter while also achieving significant total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal can be achieved with or without use of primary treatment by operation at a relatively short suspended growth solids residence time (SRT). Low effluent TIN concentrations can also be achieved, irrespective of the influent wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio, with somewhat larger suspended growth SRT. Biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal can also be effectively achieved. Further experimental work is needed to confirm these modelling results.

scholarly journals Aerobic sequencing batch reactor for the treatment of industrial wastewater from the brewery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Khaya Pearlman Shabangu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Brewery Wastewater ◽  
Significant Difference

One of the major effects of socio-economic change due to industrialisation is the generation of industrial wastewater, which requires treatment before being released into the environment. Laboratory-scale aerobic sequencing batch reactors under suspended-growth heterotrophic activated sludge were operated in different aeration configurations to study their effect on the treatment of wastewater generated by a local brewery. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of the two laboratory-scale aerobic sequencing batch reactors treating brewery wastewater under continuous low-oxygen dosing concentration and cyclic aeration schemes on SBR operation. The characterisation of brewery wastewater was undertaken to assess the physicochemical composition of the wastewater produced from one of the breweries in South Africa (SAB). The data showed distinctive characteristics of brewery wastewater, which coincided with studies previously carried out on characterisation of brewery wastewater. The COD average concentration of the brewery influent was 7100 mg/L, with average pH values of 7. The BOD and the total solids content of the brewery wastewater influent from the facility were both high, implying that the influent was very rich in organic content and its discharge into water-receiving bodies or the municipal treatment plant could have adverse effects. From these results, a need for a competitive treatment technology was clearly highlighted so as to carry out a feasible treatment of the influent for the brewery industry. The aerobic sequencing batch reactors were designed, fabricated and set up for laboratory-scale treatment of wastewater from the brewery for 15 weeks. The performance of the two SBR configurations was determined with reference to COD, BOD, TS, VS and TSS. The experimental results demonstrated that wastewater generated from the breweries can be treated successfully using both aeration configurations. The results obtained indicated that treatment efficiencies in terms of COD and BOD were 94 % and 85 % respectively, for the reactor operated under continuous aeration configuration, while 81 % and 65 % was achieved for the reactor operated in the cyclic aeration scheme. The findings from this study demonstrate that the performance of the reactor operated under the continuous aeration scheme was successful, and showed statistically significant differences from the performance of the reactor operated under cyclic aeration schemes. These findings imply that there is a potential for the equipment, including financial benefit as a result of operating aerobic sequencing batch reactors for treating brewery wastewater under continuous low-oxygen concentration dosing schemes. In this study, it was also established that the maximum COD removal could be reached at an optimum hydraulic retention times of 5 days for both reactors. This was based upon viewing the experimental data; it appeared that the most significant difference in percentage COD removal was for HRTs 3 days and 4 days. Although, due to less percentage COD removal observed from HRTs 5 days till 7 days, it was hence established that the optimum removal of high strength organics in the brewery wastewater could be achieved within 5 days of treatment time. The pH adapted at an average of 7 for all batch experimentations of the study. The temperature maintained an average of 23 oC ambient, throughout the experimental period. These physical parameters ensured that the microbial population was kept healthy, without inhibiting its biological degradation activity. Although, sludge build up was observed in both aerobic SBRs on completion of each batch operation due to solids retention and organic pollutants biodegradation from the brewery wastewater. It was perceived that frequently reseeding both aerobic SBRs, as an alternative to 28 days sludge retention time would enhance the recovery of biomass, thus improving the overall removal of TSS consequently minimising sludge bulking in both reactors.

scholarly journals Effect of cycle time and airflow in biological nitrogen removal from poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using sequencing batch reactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla L. Lopes ◽  
Juliana B. R. Mees ◽  
Luciane Sene ◽  
Karina Q. de Carvalho ◽  
Divair Christ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Slaughterhouse Wastewater ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of airflow (0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 L.L-1.min-1) and cycle time (10.45 h, 14.25 h and 17.35 h) on a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) performance in promoting nitrification and denitrification of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. The operational stages included feeding, aerobic and anoxic reactions, sedimentation and discharge. SBR was operated in a laboratory scale with a working volume of 4 L, keeping 25% of biomass retained inside the reactor as inoculum for the next batch. In the anoxic stage, C: N ratio was maintained between 5 and 6 by adding cassava starch wastewater. A factorial design (22) with five repetitions was designed at the central point to evaluate the influence of cycle time and airflow on total inorganic nitrogen removal (N-NH4++N-NO2-+N-NO3-) and in the whole process (nitrification and denitrification). The highest total inorganic nitrogen removal (93.3%) was observed for airflow of 0.25 L.L-1.min‑1 and a cycle time of 14.25 h. At the end of the experiment, the sludge inside the reactor was characterized by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), indicating the presence of ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria.

Nutrient removal from industrial wastewater using single tank sequencing batch reactors

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keller ◽  
K. Subramaniam ◽  
J. Gösswein ◽  
P. F. Greenfield
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Total P

Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) has been developed in recent years to achieve high quality effluent in regards to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. However, most of these results have been achieved on domestic sewage. In treating industrial wastewater, additional challenges are facing the process designer and operator due to the substantially higher concentrations of both carbon and nutrients. This research and demonstration project is addressing the issue for abattoir (slaughterhouse) effluent. The technology used should be as simple as possible yet still achieve a high degree of BNR. The process used in laboratory and pilot scale is a single tank Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The results from the laboratory work have been excellent but have to be confirmed in the pilot plant studies. It was found that a certain degree of anaerobic pretreatment (e.g. in anaerobic ponds) can reduce part of the carbon concentration most efficiently while still leaving sufficient COD required for successful BNR. Despite high influent concentrations of approximately 190 mg L−1 N and 50 mg L−1 total P, good effluent quality of less than 20 mg L−1 N and less than 5 mg L−1 total P has been achieved. Furthermore the operation of the small SBR systems has proved to be simple and reliable.

scholarly journals Influence of mixed feeding rate in a conventional SBR on biological P-removal and granule stability while treating different industrial effluents

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Stes ◽  
Sven Aerts ◽  
Michel Caluwe ◽  
Jolien D'aes ◽  
Flinn De Vleesschauwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Substrate Affinity ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Brewery Wastewater ◽  
P Removal

Abstract In this study, the influence of the anaerobic mixed feeding rate on granule stability and reactor performance in a conventional sequencing batch reactor (C-SBR) was investigated while treating various industrial wastewaters. A laboratory-scale SBR fed with malting wastewater rich in phosphorus was operated for approximately 250 days, which was divided into two periods: (I) mixed pulse feed and (II) prolonged mixed feed. Initially, no bio-P activity was observed. However, by lowering the feeding rate biological P-removal was rapidly established and no effect on the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) characteristics was observed. Additionally, to investigate the effect of the mixed feeding rate when treating an industrial effluent with low phosphorus content, i.e. brewery wastewater, a laboratory-scale reactor was operated for approximately 400 days applying different mixed feeding rates. Morphological and molecular analysis indicated that a low substrate concentration promoted the enrichment of anaerobic carbon storing filaments when fed with brewery wastewater. Findings suggest that a prolonged mixed feeding regime can be used as a tool to easily establish bio-P removal in a C-SBR system for the treatment of phosphorus-rich wastewaters. It should however be considered that under P-limiting conditions, enrichment of poly-P storing filaments may occur, possibly due to their higher substrate affinity under anaerobic conditions.

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