scholarly journals The application of in vitro cattle embryo production system to study the influence of elevated temperature on oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rynkowska ◽  
Łukasz Rąpała ◽  
Piotr Trzeciak ◽  
Anna Maria Duszewska
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Production System ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Production

Effect of PRL on In Vitro Follicle Growth, In Vitro Oocyte Maturation, Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development in Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasmia Kiapekou ◽  
Dimitris Loutradis ◽  
George Mastorakos ◽  
Ritsa Bletsa ◽  
Panagiotis Beretsos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
In Vitro Oocyte Maturation

scholarly journals Morphological features of lipid droplet transition during porcine oocyte fertilisation and early embryonic development to blastocyst in vivo and in vitro

Zygote ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kikuchi ◽  
Hans Ekwall ◽  
Paisan Tienthai ◽  
Yasuhiro Kawai ◽  
Junko Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Activation ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Porcine Oocyte

Lipid content in mammalian oocytes or embryos differs among species, with bovine and porcine oocytes and embryos showing large cytoplasmic droplets. These droplets are considered to play important roles in energy metabolism during oocyte maturation, fertilisation and early embryonic development, and also in the freezing ability of oocytes or embryos; however, their detailed distribution or function is not well understood. In the present study, changes in the distribution and morphology of porcine lipid droplets during in vivo and in vitro fertilisation, in contrast to parthenogenetic oocyte activation, as well as during their development to blastocyst stage, were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analysis of semi-thin and ultra-thin sections by TEM showed conspicuous, large, electron-dense lipid droplets, sometimes associated with mitochondrial aggregates in the oocytes, irrespective of whether the oocytes had been matured in vivo or in vitro. Immediately after sperm penetration, the electron density of the lipid droplets was lost in both the in vivo and in vitro oocytes, the reduction being most evident in the oocytes developed in vitro. Density was restored in the pronculear oocytes, fully in the in vivo specimens but only partially in the in vitro ones. The number and size of the droplets seemed, however, to have decreased. At 2- to 4-cell and blastocyst stages, the features of the lipid droplets were almost the same as those of pronuclear oocytes, showing a homogeneous or saturated density in the in vivo embryos but a marbled or partially saturated appearance in the in vitro embryos. In vitro matured oocytes undergoing parthenogenesis had lipid droplets that resembled those of fertilised oocytes until the pronuclear stage. Overall, results indicate variations in both the morphology and amount of cytoplasmic lipid droplets during porcine oocyte maturation, fertilisation and early embryo development as well as differences between in vivo and in vitro development, suggesting both different energy status during preimplantation development in pigs and substantial differences between in vitro and in vivo development.

scholarly journals The effect of valproic acid on bovine oocyte maturation and early embryonic development in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Gao ◽  
Haidong Bai ◽  
Xudong Ao ◽  
Rula Sa ◽  
Huimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Development In Vitro

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Effects on In Vitro Maturation, Fertilization, and Early Embryonic Development in Pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Caitlin Streacker ◽  
Brian D. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Membranes ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Development Rates

The objective of this study was to determine the reduction of polyspermic penetration, and increase of mitochondrial activity, in early pig embryonic development by supplementing different concentrations of coenzyme Q10 during oocyte maturation. Oocytes (n = 1,100) were supplemented during the last 24 h of maturation with 0 (control), 10, 50, or 100 μM of coenzyme Q10. After in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryos were evaluated for fertilization kinetics (penetration, polyspermic penetration, male pronuclear formation), and subsequent embryonic development and mitochondrial activity. Supplementation of 100 μM coenzyme Q10 was detrimental to the oocytes, as they had significantly lower (p < 0.05) fertilization kinetic and early embryonic development rates to the other treatment groups. There were no differences in fertilization kinetic and early embryonic development rates between the 0, 10 and 50 μM coenzyme Q10 treatment groups. Oocytes, matured in medium supplemented with 50 μM coenzyme Q10, ultimately developed into embryos with a significantly greater (p < 0.05) presence of intact mitochondrial membranes (observed at both 48 and 144 h post-IVF) compared to oocytes not supplemented with coenzyme Q10. In summary, supplementation of 100 μM coenzyme Q10 during oocyte maturation is detrimental, yet supplementation of 50 μM coenzyme Q10 leads to a higher occurrence of intact mitochondrial membranes in the in vitro produced pig embryos.

208 SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN HOLSTEIN COWS FED DIETS ENRICHED IN OLEIC, LINOLEIC, OR α-LINOLENIC ACID

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
R. Salehi ◽  
M. G. Colazo ◽  
A. Behrouzi ◽  
A. Ruiz-Sanchez ◽  
M. Oba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Production

Early embryonic development is enhanced in Holstein cows fed diets enriched in linoleic and α-linolenic acids compared to those fed a diet enriched in stearic fatty acid (Thangavelu et al. 2007; Theriogenology 68, 949–957). A positive effect of oleic acid on oocyte competence in vitro has been reported (Aardema et al. 2011; Biol. Reprod. 85, 62–69), but the influence of oleic acid on early embryonic development has not been investigated. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effects of diets enriched in oleic, linoleic, or α-linolenic acid on superovulatory response and embryo production. Non-lactating Holstein cows were blocked by parity and bodyweight, and assigned to one of three diets supplemented with canola (CAN, n = 8; 62% oleic acid), sunflower (SUN, n = 7; 73% linoleic acid), or flax (FLX, n = 8; 57% α-linolenic acid). Cows were individually offered hay (9.4 kg) and concentrate mixture (4.1 kg) supplemented with one of the three rolled oilseeds (~8% of dietary dry matter). After a minimum of 21 days of diet adaptation, cows were given FSH (300 mg total dose, eight 12-hourly injections), artificially inseminated twice, 12 h apart, with semen of the same sire and ova/embryos recovered non-surgically 7.5 days post-insemination. Once started on a diet, cows continued to receive the same diet until the end of the experiment. Thirty-five collections (flushing) were performed (CAN: 12, SUN: 11 and FLX: 12) and data were analysed using the GENMOD procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA); results are presented as mean ± s.e. Number of corpora lutea (12.8 ± 2.6, 14.5 ± 1.2 and 13.1 ± 1.5), anovulated follicles (3.0 ± 1.4, 2.0 ± 1.1 and 2.6 ± 0.9), and total ova/embryos (7.5 ± 2.0, 8.6 ± 1.7 and 7.3 ± 1.2) did not differ (P > 0.05) for CAN, SUN, and FLX treatment, respectively. Cows fed SUN tended (P = 0.06) to produce more transferable embryos (6.1 ± 1.7) than those fed CAN (4.3 ± 1.5), but did not differ from those fed FLX (4.8 ± 1.3). There were fewer (P < 0.05) unfertilized ova in cows fed SUN (0.6 ± 0.5) than in those fed either CAN (1.3 ± 0.6) or FLX (1.8 ± 0.9). Conversely, cows fed FLX had fewer (P < 0.05) degenerated embryos (0.7 ± 0.4) compared to those fed either CAN (1.9 ± 0.6) or SUN (1.9 ± 0.5). The number of expanded blastocysts was greater (P < 0.05) in cows fed CAN (1.08 ± 0.57) than in those fed FLX (0.25 ± 0.25), but it was not different from those fed SUN (0.90 ± 0.36). In summary, the type of dietary fatty acid did not affect superovulatory response, but a diet enriched in oleic acid resulted in more expanded blastocysts, whereas a diet enriched in linoleic acid significantly reduced the number of unfertilized ova and numerically increased transferable embryos. The diet enriched in α-linolenic acid resulted in fewer degenerated embryos. This study was supported by Alberta Meat and Livestock Agency, Alberta Milk, and Alberta Innovates-BioSolutions.

scholarly journals Changes of Ganglioside GM3 Expression in Porcine Oocyte Maturation and Early Embryonic Development in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Kyu Chae ◽  
Hyo-Jin Park ◽  
Jin-Woo Kim ◽  
Jae-Hyun Ahn ◽  
Soo-Yong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Ganglioside Gm3 ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Development In Vitro
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