Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Guidance on Planning for Integration of Functional Needs Support Services in General Population Shelters: Progress despite practical impediments

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Aileen Xenakis, JD
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Budget Constraints ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Perspective ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

This article identifies the key elements of Federal Emergency Management Agency’s November 2010 Guidance on Planning for Integration of Functional Needs Support Services in General Population Shelters. It addresses the impact that such guidance will have within the emergency management and sheltering community, specifically what integration means from a policy perspective as well as from a practical standpoint. This article addresses the impetus behind the guidance and demonstrates that although budget constraints might not allow for all changes to be made immediately and completely, the guidance itself, as a standard to which state and local governments can aspire, is a critical development for the improvement of sheltering community members with functional needs.

How Does a Reduction in Mandated Medicaid Spending Affect Local Fiscal Behaviors? Evidence from New York State

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-547
Author(s):  
Yusun Kim
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
New York State ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Effective Property ◽  
Medicaid Spending ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
The Impact

In 2005, New York (NY) state capped the growth of county-level Medicaid spending, which abruptly decreased counties’ Medicaid outlay in both relative and absolute terms. This study exploits this discontinuity in county Medicaid outlay to estimate the impact of the relief mandate policy on county budgets and property tax levies. It bridges a gap in the public finance literature by addressing local government responses to a sudden decrease in the outlay of a large mandatory spending category. We find a compositional change but no income effect on non-Medicaid spending. However, the policy reduced the effective property tax rate significantly by 6.6 to 8.1 percent on average among affected NY counties after the enactment of the policy relative to control counties. This study advances our understanding of local fiscal responses to an intergovernmental fiscal policy that changes how state and local governments share the costs of a large public social insurance program.

Hurricane Impact on Emergency Services and Use of Telehealth to Support Prehospital Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
David M. French ◽  
Greg A. Hall ◽  
Todd McGeorge ◽  
Michael Haschker ◽  
Joseph G. Brazeal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Storm Duration ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Hurricane Impact ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe impact of hurricanes on emergency services is well-known. Recent history demonstrates the need for prehospital and emergency department coordination to serve communities during evacuation, storm duration, and cleanup. The use of telehealth applications may enhance this coordination while lessening the impact on health-care systems. These applications can address triage, stabilization, and diversion and may be provided in collaboration with state and local emergency management operations through various shelters, as well as during other emergency medical responses.

scholarly journals The impact of household connection to public network wastewater systems: regulatory impact assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1070
Author(s):  
Bruno Eustaquio de Carvalho ◽  
Samuel Alves Barbi Costa ◽  
Rui Cunha Marques ◽  
Oscar Cordeiro Netto
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Network ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regulatory Impact Assessment

Abstract Brazil faces a severe lack of wastewater coverage. Even in urban areas, wastewater is directly disposed of in watercourses without any treatment for a large part of the population. Although the federal, state, and local governments have invested in water and wastewater services (WWS), the expected results have not been achieved. To overcome this problem, the present paper provides an opportunity to observe an ex-ante regulatory impact assessment (RIA) as a policy tool in Brazil. The regulatory policy options will be appraised through the multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) according to the following objectives: (i) protect the customers with respect to social aspects; (ii) safeguard the economic, operational and infrastructure sustainability; and (iii) protect the environment. The results show that by making decisions based on evidence, policy makers should reduce the households not connected to wastewater services by 75% and for that they should incur BRL 33 million to the year 2023. Hence, the extra revenues to be obtained with these new connections are capable of making a surplus estimated as BRL 42 million for the same period. This study promotes the use of RIA as a rational, robust and transparent decision framework by the regulatory agencies worldwide.

The politics of redistribution in local governments: the effect of gender representation on welfare spending in California counties

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghee Park
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Welfare Spending ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis research explores the impact of gender representation at the state and local levels on redistributive choices. This research also examines whether female officeholders moderate the impact of the local economy and institution on welfare spending. Hypotheses are tested across 58 counties in California over ten years, between 2001 and 2010. According to the fixed effect models, women in state legislature had a positive effect on local welfare spending, while women on county boards had no significant effect. However, a positive moderating effect of women on county boards during economic hardship was found. Three categories of control variables include institutional factors, such as the introduction of Proposition 1A and county home rule; political factors, such as the political preference of each county’s residents and strength of non-profit organisations; and socio-economic factors, such as intergovernmental revenue, unemployment rate and demographics. Counties with more intergovernmental revenue and supporters of Democratic presidential candidates are likely to spend more on welfare services.

PRIORITIZING SIDEWALK UPGRADE PROJECTS TO MAXIMIZE COMPLIANCE WITH ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Halabya ◽  
Khaled El-Rayes
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Transition Plans ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
Transition Plan ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

People with disabilities form 18.7% of the United States population, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2012. To avoid discrimination against this significant portion of the population, state and local governments are required by federal and state laws to provide and maintain accessibility for people with disabilities on their sidewalks and pedestrian facilities. To achieve compliance with these laws, state and local governments need to conduct self-evaluations to identify inaccessible pedestrian facilities and develop transition plans to schedule upgrade projects for these inaccessible pedestrian facilities. The federally-mandated transition plan requirements include the development of a schedule that displays, in detail, deadlines for all upgrade projects needed to achieve full compliance with accessibility requirements. To prepare this schedule, public entities are required to rank and prioritize pedestrian facilities upgrade projects. This paper presents the development of a novel methodology to quantify the impact of upgrading inaccessible pedestrian facilities on people with disabilities. The developed methodology considers several factors related to pedestrian facilities’ conditions and location to estimate the number of expected pedestrians with disabilities impacted by upgrading each inaccessible pedestrian facility. This methodology is designed to assist decision makers in state and local governments in the process of ranking and prioritizing inaccessible pedestrian facilities upgrade projects.

On the Impact of Government Institutions on Economic Growth and Income Inequality in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Леонид Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
В. Бабанов ◽  
V. Babanov ◽  
Елена Басовская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

In order to assess the extent to which the institutions of government in the current conditions in recent years in Russia — the activity of government officials and local governments affected economic growth, the correlation of the number of this category of workers with the growth rates of the economy was evaluated. The results show that by 2002 the positive correlation between the number of employees of state bodies and local self-government and the rate of economic growth was a negative one. The activities of employees of state and local governments began to slow down economic growth in the country. In order to assess how the change in the level of inequality of income distribution in modern Russia is due to the activities of employees of state-shock authorities and local self-government, its relation to the number of employees in this category of funds, which reflects the degree of income inequality, was evaluated. The results show that by 2011 the negative relationship between the number of employees of state bodies and local governments and the level of inequality of income distribution of growth replaced by a positive relationship. The activities of employees of state and local governments began to contribute to reducing the level of inequality of income distribution in the country.

scholarly journals Innovative development of the regions: cooperation between enterprises and state institutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 354-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Tyukhtenko ◽  
Serhii Makarenko ◽  
Nataliia Oliinyk ◽  
Krzysztof Gluc ◽  
Edwin Portugal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Impact

In the conditions of limited sources of financing for the introduction of advanced innovative technologies and equipment modernization, to retain the existing positions and increase the overall level of competitiveness can only the company that establishes a close relationship with government bodies, local governments and trade union organizations with the aim of obtaining possible preferences for development within the existing regulatory right field. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main socio-economic indicators of the development of Ukraine and its regions, the definition and justification of possible areas of establishing interaction between private enterprises and government agencies. The methodological basis of the study consisted of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading specialists, statistical and analytical materials of state authorities. The results are obtained through the use of such methods as expert – to identify the impact of qualitative and quantitative indicators on the socio-economic development of the Kherson region; economics and mathematics – to study the influence of a defined group of indicators on the index of the physical volume of the gross regional product; abstract-logical – for a theoretical synthesis and formulation of conclusions. It is revealed that among the key areas of interaction is the promotion of the state and local authorities in the creation of industrial parks. The conducted research on identifying the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the economy of the Kherson region indicates the need to develop measures to ensure the economic security of the region. To solve these problems at the regional level, it is proposed to implement a state policy that would be carried out in the following areas: ensuring a solid institutional protection of investor's property rights; improvement of the legislative framework; establishing an effective mechanism for combating corruption in Ukraine, developing an effective state policy on amnesty and unshadowing of incomes of individuals and legal entities. Keywords: socio-economic development, management, innovation, industrial park, competitiveness, foreign investment, amnesty of capital.

scholarly journals The Impact of Alternative Distribution Formulas on the Allocation of Revenue Sharing Funds in New York State

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Harry P. Mapp
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
New York State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
Local Government Expenditures ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Impact

Over the past decade, a fundamental transformation has occurred in the attitudes of our citizens regarding the range, quantity and quality of services desired of all levels of government. One result has been a dramatic rise in public expenditures to provide the diverse set of services desired. For example, between 1960 and 1972, expenditures of federal, state and local governments increased from $151.3 billion to $410.3 billion, about 171 percent. Local government expenditures, which were pushed upward by expanding school enrollments and welfare caseloads, maintained their relative importance by growing from $29.0 billion to $75.4 billion, about 169 percent.

scholarly journals The Conditional Effect of Scientific Knowledge and Gender on Support for COVID-19 Government Containment Policies in a Partisan America

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Algara ◽  
Sam Fuller ◽  
Christopher Hare
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Conditional Effect ◽  
Citizen Perceptions ◽  
State And Local ◽  
And Gender

AbstractWith the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, many state and local governments were forced to implement necessary policies to contain transmission of the deadly virus. These policies ranged from closing most businesses to more controversial proposals, such as postponing primary elections. In this research note, we examine the role that scientific knowledge and gender played in citizen perceptions of these virus containment policies, both in the general population and among partisans. We find that while a gender gap persists in scientific knowledge, both in the general population and within the parties, women are generally more likely to use this knowledge to inform their policy views on necessary government action during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings shed light on how knowledge and gender intersect to drive support for government intervention during the time of a severe public health crisis in a partisan America.

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