Sulfide Stress Cracking Failures of 12Cr and 17-4PH Stainless Steel Wellhead Equipment

CORROSION ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Thompson ◽  
G. B. Kohut ◽  
D. R. Canfield ◽  
W. R. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking

scholarly journals Comparison of 2507 Duplex and 28 % Cr- Austenitic Stainless Steel Corrosion Behavior for High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) in Sour Service Condition with C-ring Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harris Prabowo ◽  
Badrul Munir ◽  
Yudha Pratesa ◽  
Johny W. Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Sour Service

The scarcity of oil and gas resources made High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT) reservoir attractive to be developed. The sour service environment gives an additional factor in material selection for HPHT reservoir. Austenitic 28 Cr and super duplex stainless steel 2507 (SS 2507) are proposed to be a potential materials candidate for such conditions. C-ring tests were performed to investigate their corrosion behavior, specifically sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and sulfide stress cracking susceptibility. The C-ring tests were done under 2.55 % H2S (31.48 psia) and 50 % CO2 (617.25 psia). The testing was done in static environment conditions. Regardless of good SSC resistance for both materials, different pitting resistance is seen in both materials. The pitting resistance did not follow the general Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN), since SS 2507 super duplex (PREN > 40) has more pitting density than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel (PREN < 40). SS 2507 super duplex pit shape tends to be larger but shallower than 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel. 28 Cr austenitic stainless steel has a smaller pit density, yet deeper and isolated.

Investigation of the Passivity, Hydrogen Embrittlement and Threshold Stress of Duplex Stainless Steel

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Gojić ◽  
Mirjana Metikoš-Huković ◽  
Ranko Babić
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Passive Film ◽  
Threshold Stress ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking

The electrochemical behavior of duplex stainless steel has been studied in various environments. Its passivity state was investigated in borate-buffer using cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy techniques. The susceptibility towards sulfide stress cracking and hydrogen embrittlement were tested at a constant load under cathodic polarization in the NACE solution saturated with H2S and 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution containing As203 as a promoter. SEM analysis accompanied these investigations. It is proposed that the highly protective quality of the passive film formed on the investigated duplex stainless steel may be associated with the presence of multiple oxidation states (Cr3+ and Cr6+) formed in the solid state along with (CrO42- and MoO42-) anions and the great variety of possible bridging ligand states (OH−, H2O, O2−). This leads to a significant degree of bonding flexibility and supports amorphous i.e. glassy structure of the passive film. Therefore, the stresses that would be associated with epitaxy, are easily alleviated without the creation of long-range defect structures. The investigated duplex stainless steel shows high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and sulfide stress cracking. The embrittlement index was determined to be 26%, while the threshold stress amounts to 84% of the yield strength.

Sulfide stress cracking inhibition of a supermartensitic stainless steel by using an imidazol obtained from palm oil

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Gonzalo Gonzalez-Rodriguez ◽  
Andres Carmona Hernandez ◽  
E. Vázquez-Vélez ◽  
A. Contreras-Cuevas ◽  
Jorge Uruchurtu Chavarin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supermartensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking

Purpose This paper aims to use an imidazole-based n-ionic Gemini surfactant derived from palm oil to inhibit the sulfide stress corrosion cracking of a supermartensitic stainless steel. Design/methodology/approach The slow strain rate testing technique, hydrogen permeation tests and potentiodynamic polarization curves have been used. Findings Addition of the inhibitor below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased the corrosion current density (icorr), but not enough to avoid embrittlement due to the entry of hydrogen into the steel. Instead, the addition of the inhibitor close to the CMC decreased the icorr, suppressed the entry of hydrogen and inhibited the sulfide stress cracking of steel. Finally, the addition of inhibitor above the CMC led to a slight increase of icorr and promoted localized corrosion, however, the sulfide stress cracking of steel was inhibited. Originality/value A green sulfide stress corrosion cracking inhibitor of a supermartensitic stainless steel has been obtained.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Embrittlement of Welded Joint Made of Supermartensitic Stainless Steel in Environment Containing Sulfane

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 709-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jonšta ◽  
P. Váňová ◽  
S. Brožová ◽  
P. Pustějovská ◽  
J. Sojka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Short Time Interval ◽  
Stress Cracking ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Sulfide Stress ◽  
Sulfide Stress Cracking ◽  
Short Time

Abstract The work is focused on evaluation of resistance of the welded joint made of supermartensitic 13Cr6Ni2.5Mo stainless steel to sulfide stress cracking. Testing method A and solution B in accordance with NACE TM 0177 were used. All the testing samples were ruptured in a very short time interval but welded joint samples were fractured primarily in the weld metal or in heat affected zone and not in the basic material. Material analysis of samples were made with use of a ZEISS NEOPHOT 32 light microscope and a JEOL 6490LV scanning electron microscope.

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