Safety guarantee technologies of water pressure and water quality: a case study in secondary water supply for high-rise buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Wang ◽  
Fuchun Jiang ◽  
Hongbin Liu ◽  
Hao Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
High Rise

scholarly journals A Case Study: Water Quality Content between Water Supply and Water Vending Machine at Parit Raja, Johor

2019 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
Suhaila Sahat ◽  
Nadia Kariya ◽  
Masiri Kaamin ◽  
Norbaizura Hamid ◽  
Nor Farah Atiqah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply

scholarly journals Revenue augmentation through improved water supply services: a case study of the SMART-WASA team of Faisalabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ogata ◽  
S. Segawa ◽  
S. Rashid ◽  
H. Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Number Of Customers ◽  
Water Supply Services

Abstract The Water and Sanitation Agency of Faisalabad has tried to increase its revenue by increasing both its water demands and total number of customers. To this end, a pilot activity was implemented. Two selected pilot areas were hydraulically separated to increase water pressures within the areas. The results showed that the durations of water supply increased from 3.5 to 12 hours and from 6 to 18 hours per day in the pilot areas. The water pressure in each pilot area increased from 2 to 10 m and from 3 to 18 m, respectively. Wastewater contamination was also eliminated after increasing the water pressure. Customers were informed of these achievements through workshops, flyers, and banners on streets, which encouraged them to shift from a flat rate system to a metering system. Consequently, the total billed amounts for two pilot areas in March 2019 increased by 65.0% and 97.0%, compared with those from November 2016. The bill collection ratios also increased from 48.2% to 56.9% and from 48.1% to 60.6% during pilot activities. Improving services of water supply utilities through the formation of a water distribution area with an increase in water pressure is recommended as an effective method for revenue augmentation.

Surveillance of Drinking Water Quality for Safe Water Supply—A Case Study from Shillong, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3321-3342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajanan Kisan Khadse ◽  
Moromi D. Kalita ◽  
S. N. Pimpalkar ◽  
Pawan K. Labhasetwar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Safe Water

The Raw Water System Combinatorial Optimization Research Based on Arsenic Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2472-2477
Author(s):  
Chun Feng Zhu ◽  
Hong Wei Li ◽  
Shen Dong ◽  
Jie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Water System ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
System Optimum ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Groundwater Supply

Considering the characteristics of raw water quality and multi-water supply pump station of the raw water system, optimum combination water supply model based on the water quality guarantee are presented. Groundwater supply network topology structure is established. Then, the optimal solutions of the model are obtained, using MATLAB and artificial intelligent optimization technique. The arsenic pollutants in demonstration area are under controlled and the raw water system operation efficiency is enhanced, meeting the water quantity and water pressure at the same time. We put forward a new angle, for composite water quality raw water system optimization modeling.

Water and energy saving potential by adopting pressure-reducing measures in high-rise building: A case analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Zhao ◽  
Xi Xie ◽  
Ranbin Liu ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Mengke Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Branch Pipe ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Pressure Management ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Management Measures

Indoor domestic water demands are increasing rapidly in many cities of China, among the causes, water wastage due to overpressure outflow (OPO) at water distribution points in buildings, especially in high-rise buildings, is a factor that has not gained much attention. Field tests in 23 high-rise public buildings and laboratory tests were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the influence of water pressure on water consumption in buildings. The water-saving potential by adopting pressure reducing measures was theoretically analyzed and verified based on a case study. Results indicated that water consumption is closely related to water pressure and overpressure outflow is a very common culprit of water wastage in high-rise buildings. Pressure management measures, such as branch pipe pressure-reducing valves, can reduce water consumption in buildings and improve the comfortability of use as well. Based on the laboratory pressure–outflow characteristics study of different water appliances, water-saving potential of pressure reducing measures can be theoretically evaluated. Case study demonstrated a theoretical reduction of 19.4% in water consumption by adopting branch pipe pressure-reducing valves, an actual 14,773 m3 water (11.9% reduction) and 15,955 kWh embodied energy was saved in 2015 after the implementation of branch pipe pressure-reducing valves retrofitting measure. Therefore, despite the current measures of adopting high-efficiency water appliances and/or utilization of unconventional water resources in buildings, implementation of pressure management measures is highly recommended in designing water supply system for new high-rise buildings and reconstruction of water supply system in existing high-rise buildings, thereby, promoting water, energy saving, and development of green building. Practical application: Water and energy saving in building is gaining more and more attention, however, water wastage due to overpressure outflow in buildings has not gained much attention. Based on field and laboratory tests, the water and energy saving potential in building water supply system were evaluated theoretically and further verified by a case study. Results indicate that pressure management measures such as branch pipe pressure reducing valves (PRVs) can reduce water and energy consumption in buildings. We strongly suggest that pressure management measures should be implemented in buildings, thereby, promoting water, energy saving, and development of green building.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on a Hydraulic and Water-Quality Analysis Method for Determining Rechlorination Injection Points for a Water-Supply Network

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Myoung Lee ◽  
Ho Min Lee ◽  
Do Guen Yoo ◽  
Joong Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Quality Analysis ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Proposed Model

Water supply facilities are vulnerable to extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods. To establish a sustainable solution that resists accidents and disasters, a distributed system is required. To supply high-quality tap water using the existing water-supply network, rechlorination facilities must be installed to secure residual chlorine at the pipe end. In this study, a process is developed to determine the injection points and dosages of rechlorination using the latest pressure-driven analysis. The method was compared to the results of demand driven analysis methods. The proposed model was applied to P City in Korea to draw results. A detailed evaluation was performed to study how water pressure head and demand-based hydraulic and water quality analysis results impact the injection points and dosages of rechlorination. Thus, the existing demand-based model shows significant spatial deviations in the pressure head in the presence of water pressure drops, which subsequently lead to over-estimation of chlorine injection dosages for maintaining the concentration of residual chlorine. However, the proposed model involves a numerically validated theory and draws more reasonable results for hydraulic, water quality, and rechlorination dosages. The proposed model can be used as a decision-making tool based on hydraulic analysis for the supply of water of a stable quality.

scholarly journals Water Supply Challenges in Rural Areas: A Case Study from Central Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alua Omarova ◽  
Kamshat Tussupova ◽  
Peder Hjorth ◽  
Marat Kalishev ◽  
Raushan Dosmagambetova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Tap Water Quality

Rural water supplies have traditionally been overshadowed by urban ones. That must now change, as the Sustainable Development Goals calls for water for all. The objective of the paper is to assess the current access to and the perceived water quality in villages with various types of water supply. The survey was carried out during July–December 2017 in four villages in central Kazakhstan. Overall, 1369 randomly selected households were interviewed. The results revealed that even though villagers were provided with tap water, significant numbers used alternative sources. There were three reasons for this situation: residents’ doubts regarding the tap water quality; use of other sources out of habit; and availability of cheaper or free sources. Another problem concerned the volume of water consumption, which dropped sharply with decreased quality or inconvenience of sources used by households. Moreover, people gave a poor estimate to the quality and reliability of water from wells, open sources and tankered water. The paper suggests that as well decentralization of water management as monitoring of both water supply and water use are essential measures. There must be a tailor-made approach to each village for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of providing rural Kazakhstan with safe water.

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