scholarly journals ROLE OF VIRECHANA IN THE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS W.S.R. TO PRAMEHA - A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Joshi ◽  
Rajendra Huparikar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Keywords Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
All Diseases

Diabetes Mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemias. Depending upon factors contributing to hyperglycemia include reduced insulin secretion, glucose utilization and increased glucose production. Diabetes mellitus is now become most common among all diseases in the present era. In India, this is increasing rapidly and seems that India is going to be capital of Diabetes Mellitus in next coming years. According to Ayurvedic texts, Acharya Charaka has explained about Prameha which can be com- pared with Diabetes Mellitus. The main symptom of Prameha is ‘Prabhuta Aavila Mutrata. Tridosha dushti in Prameha progressively leads to affect Rasa, Meda, Shukra, Ambu, Lasika, Majja and Oja. All these affected Dosha and Dushya influence Basti and manifest the symptom like ‘Prabhuta Avila Mutrata’. Virechana was giv- en in this case because Acharya Charak has mentioned dushti of Kapha, Pitta and Vata is present in Prameha. Phalashruti of Virechana says that there is elimination of Dosha in the sequence of Vit (mala), Pitta, Kapha, Anil. Hence role of Virechana is important in the Chikitsa of Prameha. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Prameha, Samshodhan, Virechan.

scholarly journals Neuroischeminės pėdos infekcija ir revaskuliarizacijos galimybės

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Vytautas Triponis ◽  
Dalia Triponienė ◽  
Birutė Vaišnytė ◽  
Stanislovas Ščerbinskas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Keywords Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
Reconstructive Arterial Surgery

Vytautas Triponis, Dalia Triponienė, Birutė Vaišnytė, Stanislovas ŠčerbinskasVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinika Įvadas / tikslas Požiūris, kad sergančiajam cukralige, kai pakinklio arterijos pulsas gerai užčiuopiamas, o pėdos ischemija progresuoja, geriau atlikti amputaciją, dabar laikomas klaidingu. Tačiau, jeigu yra pado tarpo infekcija, galūnę išsaugoti beveik niekada nepavyksta. Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti rekonstrukcinių arterijų operacijų, atliktų sergantiesiems cukralige, rezultatus ir juos įvertinti atsižvelgiant į arterijų patologijos pobūdį ir pėdos infekciją. Metodai Operuota 1211 cukriniu diabetu sergančių ligonių. Pagal galūnių kraujotakos sutrikimo stadijas ligoniai pasiskirstė taip: šlubavimas – 36 (3,0 %), nuolatiniai skausmai – 368 (30,4 %), gangrena – 807 (66,6 %). Pėdos infekcija buvo 239 (29,6 %) ligoniams, iš jų 77 (9,5 %) infekcija išplito. Atliktos arterijų rekonstrukcinės operacijos: aortos ir klubinių arterijų rekonstrukcija – 71, šlaunies ir pakinklio arterijų endarterektomija ir šuntavimas – 409, blauzdos arterijų šuntavimas – 451, pėdos arterijų šuntavimas – 188, perkutaninė transliuminalinė angioplastika – 92 ligoniams. Rezultatai Nustatyta, kad veiksmingiausi antibiotikai buvo: cefoperazonas – 23 (10,4), ceftazidimas – 23 (10,4 %), gentamicinas – 26 (11,8 %), ampicilinas-sulbaktamas – 20 (9,1 % ), amoksicilinas-klavulano rūgštis – 20 (9,1 %) ligonių. Penicilinams flora buvo jautri 0,5–4,1 % pasėlių. Iš 239 ligonių 124 (51,9 %) gydyti penicilinais (penicilinu arba ampicilinu). Antibiotikais, kuriems buvo jautrūs identifikuoti mikrobai, dažniausiai cefalosporinais arba cefalosporinų ir gentamicino deriniu, buvo gydyta 115 (48,1 %) ligonių. Iš 1211 ligonių 942 (77,8 %) pėdos funkcija išliko nepakitusi arba šiek tiek sutriko. Pėdos nepavyko išsaugoti 181 (14,9 %) ligoniui. Iš 181 ligonio 70 (38,6 %) amputacija buvo atlikta dėl užleistos ir netinkamai gydytos infekcijos: gydyta tik penicilinais ir neatsižvelgiant į bakterijų jautrumo antibiotikams duomenis. Kitos amputacijos buvo susijusios su nesėkminga rekonstrukcine arterijų operacija. 88 ligoniams, kuriems buvo atlikta sritinė pėdos amputacija, infekciją pavyko nugalėti mechaniškai pašalinant infekcijos židinį ir gydant antibiotikais pagal bakterijų jautrumą. Išvados Dažniausias kraujotakos atkūrimo metodas buvo šuntavimas autovena tiesiai į blauzdos arba pėdos arterijas. Kraujotakos atkūrimo efektas mažai tesiskyrė, kai buvo operuojamos blauzdos ir pėdos arterijos ir kai buvo rekonstruojama šlaunies arterija. Aterosklerozės pažeistos blauzdos ir pėdos arterijos bei pėdos infekcija buvo pats svarbiausias kliuvinys išsaugoti pėdą. Prasminiai žodžiai: cukrinis diabetas, arterijų užakimas, pėdos infekcija, rekonstrukcinės arterijų operacijos. Neuroischemic foot infection and revascularisation possibilities Vytautas Triponis, Dalia Triponienė, Birutė Vaišnytė, Stanislovas Ščerbinskas Background / objective The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the treatment of neuroischemic foot and to assess the role of foot infection. Methods In 1211 patients reconstructive arterial surgery was performed combining the procedure with foot regional amputations and antimicrobial therapy. The following reconstructions were performed: aortoiliac 71, femoropopliteal 409, tibial 451, bypass to the dorsalis pedis 188, and PTA 92. Results / conclusions The most effective antibiotics were cephoperazone 23 (10.4%), ceftazidime 23 (10.4%), gentamicin 26 (11.8%), ampicillin-sulbactam 20 (9.1% ), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid 20 (9.1%). Microbes were sensitive to penicillin in 0.5–4.1% cases. Of 239 patients, 124 (51.9%) were treated with penicillin. Cephalosporins in combination with aminoglycosides were used in 115 (48.1%) patients. The foot function was saved in 942 (77.8%). Foot salvage procedures were not successful in 181 (14.9%) patients. In this group, 70 (38.6%) amputations were done because of progressing infection and inadequate antimicrobial treatment. The rest of amputations were conditioned by bad runoff. In 88 patients in whom the regional amputations were performed infection was overcome by using antibiotics according to the sensitivity tests. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, arterial occlusive disease, foot infection, reconstructive arterial surgery.

Role of Rhizome Powder of Turmeric in the management of Madhumeha w.s.r. to Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krup Vasavda ◽  
Hegde Prakash L ◽  
Harini A.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Relative Deficiency

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with disturbances of carbohydrates, fat, protein metabolism due to absolute or relative deficiency in insulin secretion, that metabolic disorder is considered as the Madhumeha in Ayurveda based on their symptoms. It is one of the types of Vataja Prameha. It results from various etiological factors. Here objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurveda treatment in management of Madhumeha. A 35years old male came to SDM College of Ayurveda Hospital Kayachikitsa special OPD with complaint of Prabhoothamutra, Karapada Daha, Avila Mutrata and Kshudaathi Pravrthi. Examination, investigations and history leads to diabetes mellitus. So patient was treated with Haridra Choorna, Pathya, Apathya and Yogasananas. Ayurveda treatment has effective results in the management of Madhumeha by single drug administration orally.

scholarly journals Association Study of Candidate Gene Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Different Population Groups of Jammu Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-357
Author(s):  
Sunil Raina ◽  
Roopali Fotra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 2 ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Allelic Odds Ratio

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycaemic resulting from the defects of insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The present study was conducted in order to know the molecular genetic cause of the T2DM patients belonging to the Jammu region of J&K State. Many genes have been known to be linked with the onset and progression of the T2DM therefore the present data represents the role of one of the genes Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) known to be strongly associated with T2DM was selected. A total of 250 confirmed cases & controls samples belonging to four population groups (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh & Christians) of Jammu region were also screened for UCP2 -866G/A promoter polymorphism (rs659366). The allelic odds ratio (OR) as observed for UCP2 -866G/A polymorphism in the four population groups showed significant association with Muslim & Sikh population groups. The study undertaken supports the findings of the previous investigations and thus is an addition to the existing literatute in support of UCP2 and T2DM.

scholarly journals Hepatocyte serine palmitoyl transferase 2 deficiency promotes liver C16:0-ceramide accumulation through sphingomyelin hydrolysis and leads to liver damage and dysfunction in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Lallement ◽  
Ilyès Raho ◽  
Gregory Merlen ◽  
Dominique Rainteau ◽  
Mikael Croyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Hepatic Glucose

Objectives: Ceramides have been shown as lipotoxic inducers, which can trigger apoptosis, inflammation and disturb numerous cell signalling pathways leading to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we aimed to determine the role of de novo hepatic ceramide synthesis on energy and liver homeostasis in mice. Methods: In order to investigate hepatic role of de novo ceramides synthesis, we generated mice lacking serine palmitoyltransferase 2 (Sptlc2) in hepatocytes using the cre-lox system. SPTLC2 allows condensation of serine and palmitoylCoA and is the rate limiting-enzyme necessary for ceramide de novo synthesis. Sptlc2ΔHep and their littermate controls were fed with high fat diet (HFD) to induce metabolic disorders. Liver ceramides content and metabolic parameters as glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic glucose production were assessed. As ceramides may have impact on bile acids (BA), we investigated BA pool composition, synthesis and transport. Finally, inflammation and apoptosis were measured in the liver using western blot analysis, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression level and immunohistochemistry. Results: Despite lower expression of hepatic Sptlc2, we observed an increased concentration of hepatic ceramides, especially C16:0-ceramide. Hepatic deletion of Sptlc2 in mice was also associated with an increased neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSmase2) expression, and a decreased sphingomyelin content in the liver. We showed that Sptlc2ΔHep mice are protected against body mass gain normally induced by HFD and displayed a decreased body fat mass. BA hydrophobicity was drastically decreased in Sptlc2ΔHep mice, and was associated with a defect in lipid absorption. In addition, an important increase of tauro-murocholic acid T-MCA in BA pool composition of Sptlc2ΔHep mice was associated with a downregulation of the nuclear bile acid receptor FXR target genes in ileum and liver. Sptlc2 deficiency also enhanced glucose tolerance and attenuated hepatic glucose production in an insulin-independent manner. Finally, Sptlc2 disruption promoted progressive development of hepatic fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation in an age-related manner. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate for the first time a potential compensatory mechanism to regulate hepatic ceramides content from sphingomyelin hydrolysis. In addition, our results highlight the role of hepatic sphingolipid modulation on hepatic glucose production through bile acid composition changes.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension are Risk Factor for Endometrial Cancer

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chresni F. Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Keywords Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: To find out whether diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension is associated with endometrial cancer and could increase the staging of the cancer. Method: This was an analytic retrospective descriptive study with cross sectional design. Data were taken from the medical record of patients diagnosed as having endometrial cancer in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital from 1st January 2007 - 31st December 2011 and analyzed descriptively. Result: There were 125 cases of endometrial cancer. Prevalence was 2.56 %. The incidence increased in age > 40 y/o (92 %) and had diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension (66.4 %). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension were associated with risk factors of endometrial cancer but not proven to increase the staging of the cancer. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 140-3] Keywords: diabetes mellitus, endometrial cancer, hypertension

Uncommon Association Between Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Thyrotoxicosis, Cutaneous Abscess and Acute Pericarditis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Single Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-648
Author(s):  
Martinot Amelie ◽  
Demar Magalie ◽  
Thelusme Liliane ◽  
Bounoua Merzaka ◽  
Santa Florin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Acute Pericarditis ◽  
Single Case Report

Introduction : The typical factors precipitating diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) include infections (30%), cessation of antidiabetic medication (20%), and a new diagnosis of diabetes (25%). The etiology remains unknown in 25% of cases. Less frequent causes cited in the literature include severe thyrotoxicosis and, infrequently, pericarditis. Few publications have described the role of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in endocrine and metabolic disorders. Based on a clinical case associated with several endocrine and metabolic disorders, we suggest a potential role for HTLV-1, an endemic virus in the Amazonian area, and review the literature concerning the role of this virus in thyroiditis, pericarditis and diabetes mellitus. Case Report : A fifty-year-old Surinamese woman without any medical history was admitted for diabetic ketoacidosis. No specific anti-pancreatic autoimmunity was observed, and the C-peptide level was low, indicating atypical type-1 diabetes mellitus. DKA was associated with thyrotoxicosis in the context of thyroiditis and complicated by nonbacterial pericarditis and a Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneous abscess. The patient was infected with HTLV-1. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this uncommon association is described for the first time. Few studies have analyzed the implications of HTLV-1 infection in thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus. We did not find any reports describing the association of pericarditis with HTLV-1 infection. Additional studies are necessary to understand the role of HTLV-1 in endocrine and cardiac disorders.

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Obesity (Diabesity). The Central Role of Gut Microbiota and Its Translational Applications

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Ortega ◽  
Oscar Fraile-Martínez ◽  
Irene Naya ◽  
Natalio García-Honduvilla ◽  
Melchor Álvarez-Mon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Wide Range

Obesity is a condition of rising prevalence worldwide, with important socioeconomic implications, being considered as a growing public health concern. Frequently, obesity brings other complications in addition to itself—like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)—sharing origin, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. In this context, some authors have decided to include both conditions as a unique entity known as “diabesity”. In fact, understanding diabesity as a single disease is possible to maximise the benefits from therapies received in these patients. Gut microbiota plays a key role in individual’s health, and their alterations, either in its composition or derived products are related to a wide range of metabolic disorders like T2DM and obesity. The present work aims to collect the different changes reported in gut microbiota in patients with T2DM associated with obesity and their possible role in the onset, development, and establishment of the disease. Moreover, current research lines to modulate gut microbiota and the potential clinical translation derived from the knowledge of this system will also be reviewed, which may provide support for a better clinical management of such a complex condition.

Evidence against important catecholamine compensation for absent glucagon counterregulation

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. E203-E212 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. De Feo ◽  
G. Perriello ◽  
E. Torlone ◽  
C. Fanelli ◽  
M. M. Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Counterregulatory Hormones ◽  
Exogenous Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Clamp Study

To assess the counterregulatory role of glucagon and to test the hypothesis that catecholamines can largely compensate for an impaired glucagon response, four studies were performed in seven normal volunteers. In all studies, insulin was infused subcutaneously (15 mU.m-2.min-1) and increased circulating insulin approximately twofold to levels (26 +/- 1 microU/ml) observed with intensive insulin therapy. In study 1, plasma glucose fluxes (D-[3-3H]glucose) and plasma substrate and counterregulatory hormone concentrations were simply monitored; plasma glucose decreased from 87 +/- 2 mg/dl and plateaued at 51 +/- 2 mg/dl for 3 h. In study 2 [pituitary-adrenal-pancreatic (PAP) clamp], secretion of insulin and counterregulatory hormones (except for catecholamines) was prevented by somatostatin (0.5 mg/h i.v.) and metyrapone (0.5 g/4 h per os), and glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone were reinfused to reproduce the concentrations of study 1. In study 3 (lack of glucagon response), the PAP clamp was performed with maintenance of plasma glucagon at basal levels, and glucose was infused whenever needed to reproduce plasma glucose concentration of study 2. Study 4 was identical to study 3, but exogenous glucose was not infused. The PAP clamp (study 2) reproduced glucose concentrations and fluxes observed in study 1. In studies 3 and 4, isolated lack of glucagon response did not affect glucose utilization but caused an early and persistent decrease in hepatic glucose production (approximately 60%) that caused plasma glucose to decrease to 38 +/- 2 mg/dl (P less than 0.01 vs. control 62 +/- 2 mg/dl), despite compensatory increases in plasma epinephrine. We conclude that, in a model of clinical hypoglycemia, glucagon's effect on hepatic glucose production is a dominant counterregulatory factor in humans and that its absence cannot be compensated for by increased epinephrine secretion.

Carbohydrate metabolism during exercise: influence of circulating fat availability

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Bracy ◽  
B. A. Zinker ◽  
J. C. Jacobs ◽  
D. B. Lacy ◽  
D. H. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Glucose Flux ◽  
Arterial Blood Lactate ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Rest And Exercise

To examine the role of circulating fat in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, dogs were studied during rest and 90 min of moderate treadmill exercise with nicotinic acid infused to suppress lipolysis with (+Fat; n = 5) or without (-Fat; n = 5) Intralipid. Isotopic and hindlimb arteriovenous methods were used to assess metabolism. Plasma glucose was similar in both protocols during rest and exercise. Differences in insulin, catecholamines, and cortisol between groups were insignificant. Glucagon was approximately 50% greater during rest and exercise in -Fat. The following values represent those at 30 or 40 min of muscular work because peak responses were seen at these times. Arterial free fatty acid levels were 1,129 +/- 253 and 272 +/- 17 mu eq/l at rest and 756 +/- 145 and 269 +/- 51 mu eq/l with exercise in +Fat and -Fat, respectively. Glucose production was 4.2 +/- 0.3 and 5.0 +/- 0.4 mg.kg-1.min-1 at rest and 8.5 +/- 1.3 and 11.4 +/- 0.6 mg.kg-1.min-1 with exercise in +Fat and -Fat, respectively. Glucose utilization was 4.3 +/- 0.3 and 5.3 +/- 0.2 mg.kg-1.min-1 at rest and 9.2 +/- 1.2 and 12.7 +/- 0.8 mg.kg-1.min-1 with exercise in +Fat and -Fat, respectively. Significant glucose flux differences were present during rest and exercise. Limb glucose uptake rose similarly with exercise in +Fat (29 +/- 7 to 82 +/- 22 mumol/min) and -Fat (28 +/- 7 to 88 +/- 16 mumol/min). Arterial blood lactate was 50–100% greater in -Fat compared with that in +Fat.

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