scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Obesity (Diabesity). The Central Role of Gut Microbiota and Its Translational Applications

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Ortega ◽  
Oscar Fraile-Martínez ◽  
Irene Naya ◽  
Natalio García-Honduvilla ◽  
Melchor Álvarez-Mon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Wide Range

Obesity is a condition of rising prevalence worldwide, with important socioeconomic implications, being considered as a growing public health concern. Frequently, obesity brings other complications in addition to itself—like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)—sharing origin, risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. In this context, some authors have decided to include both conditions as a unique entity known as “diabesity”. In fact, understanding diabesity as a single disease is possible to maximise the benefits from therapies received in these patients. Gut microbiota plays a key role in individual’s health, and their alterations, either in its composition or derived products are related to a wide range of metabolic disorders like T2DM and obesity. The present work aims to collect the different changes reported in gut microbiota in patients with T2DM associated with obesity and their possible role in the onset, development, and establishment of the disease. Moreover, current research lines to modulate gut microbiota and the potential clinical translation derived from the knowledge of this system will also be reviewed, which may provide support for a better clinical management of such a complex condition.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cunningham ◽  
J. W. Stephens ◽  
D. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

scholarly journals Role of Gut Microbiota on Cardio-Metabolic Parameters and Immunity in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with and without Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Sanchez-Alcoholado ◽  
Daniel Castellano-Castillo ◽  
Laura Jordán-Martínez ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Pilar Cardila-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease, Depression, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luca ◽  
Maurizio Di Mauro ◽  
Marco Di Mauro ◽  
Antonina Luca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Implications

Gut microbiota consists of over 100 trillion microorganisms including at least 1000 different species of bacteria and is crucially involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes occurring in the host. An imbalanced gastrointestinal ecosystem (dysbiosis) seems to be a contributor to the development and maintenance of several diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Interestingly, the three disorders are frequently associated as demonstrated by the high comorbidity rates. In this review, we introduce gut microbiota and its role in both normal and pathological processes; then, we discuss the importance of the gut-brain axis as well as the role of oxidative stress and inflammation as mediators of the pathological processes in which dysbiosis is involved. Specific sections pertain the role of the altered gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The therapeutic implications of microbiota manipulation are briefly discussed. Finally, a conclusion comments on the possible role of dysbiosis as a common pathogenetic contributor (via oxidative stress and inflammation) shared by the three disorders.

scholarly journals The role of inflammation in the development of metabolic disorders in patients with arterial hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
L. V. Zhuravlyova ◽  
M. V. Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

In recent years, the comorbid course of cardiovascular diseases, primarily arterial hypertension with impaired carbohydrate tolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus, is becoming increasingly important in the developed countries of the world. In this regard, the need for a more detailed study of the general mechanisms of the development of arterial hypertension, pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, namely inflammation, is increasing. There are many studies that investigate the role of inflammation in hypertension and associated glucometabolic disorders, but the exact mechanisms by which activated immune cells lead to the development and maintenance of these conditions remain to be seen. Obtaining new data in this area may contribute to a deeper understanding of cardiometabolic disorder pathogenesis. It may allow to predict the progression of these disorders at the early stages and to develop effective preventive and therapeutic tactics for their correction.

scholarly journals The prognostic outcome of ‘type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer’ association pivots on hypoxia-hyperglycemia axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhaam Ayaz Durrani ◽  
Attya Bhatti ◽  
Peter John
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Prognostic Outcome

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer are complex, chronic, heterogeneous, and multi-factorial diseases; with common risk factors including but not limited to diet, obesity, and age. They also share mutually inclusive phenotypic features such as the metabolic deregulations resulting from hyperglycemia, hypoxic conditions and hormonal imbalances. Although, the association between diabetes and cancer has long been speculated; however, the exact molecular nature of this link remains to be fully elucidated. Both the diseases are leading causes of death worldwide and a causal relationship between the two if not addressed, may translate into a major global health concern. Previous studies have hypothesized hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hormonal imbalances and chronic inflammation, as some of the possible grounds for explaining how diabetes may lead to cancer initiation, yet further research still needs to be done to validate these proposed mechanisms. At the crux of this dilemma, hyperglycemia and hypoxia are two intimately related states involving an intricate level of crosstalk and hypoxia inducible factor 1, at the center of this, plays a key role in mediating an aggressive disease state, particularly in solid tumors such as breast cancer. Subsequently, elucidating the role of HIF1 in establishing the diabetes-breast cancer link on hypoxia-hyperglycemia axis may not only provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the association but also, illuminate on the prognostic outcome of the therapeutic targeting of HIF1 signaling in diabetic patients with breast cancer or vice versa. Hence, this review highlights the critical role of HIF1 signaling in patients with both T2DM and breast cancer, potentiates its significance as a prognostic marker in comorbid patients, and further discusses the potential prognostic outcome of targeting HIF1, subsequently establishing the pressing need for HIF1 molecular profiling-based patient selection leading to more effective therapeutic strategies emerging from personalized medicine.

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