scholarly journals Toxic effect of nano and bulk TiO2 on growth, chlorophyll a content and oxidative stress of marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maedeh Baharlooeian ◽  
◽  
Mohideen Abdul Badhul Haq ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals "The role of Odontella aurita, a marine diatom rich in EPA, as a dietary supplement in dyslipidemia, platelet function and oxidative stress in high-fat fed rats"

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Haimeur ◽  
Lionel Ulmann ◽  
Virginie Mimouni ◽  
Frédérique Guéno ◽  
Fabienne Pineau-Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Odontella Aurita ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Characterization of diurnal photosynthetic rhythms in the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum grown in synchronous culture under ambient and elevated CO2

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwen Chen ◽  
Kunshan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Initial Slope ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content ◽  
Ambient Co2

Photosynthetic performance was examined in Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve. under 12 : 12-h light : dark (LD) cycle at ambient CO2 (350 μL L–1) and elevated CO2 (1000 μL L–1). At ambient CO2, the cellular chlorophyll a content, the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Pm), the initial slope of the light saturation curves (α), the photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv / Fm), the apparent carboxylating efficiency (ACE) and the photosynthetic affinity for CO2 [1 / Km(CO2)] all showed rhythmical changes with different amplitudes during the light period. The Pm had similar changing pattern in the light period with the ACE and 1 / Km(CO2) rather than with the α and Fv / Fm, indicating that rhythmical changes of photosynthetic capacity may be mainly controlled by the activity of C-reduction associated with CO2 uptake during the light period. The CO2 enrichment reduced the ACE and the affinity to CO2, and increased the α, cellular chlorophyll a content and Pm based on cell number. By contrast, the changing patterns of all photosynthetic parameters examined here during the light period had almost the same for cells grown at ambient CO2 and elevated CO2, suggesting that the photosynthetic rhythms of S. costatum are not affected by CO2 enrichment.

scholarly journals Growth Inhibition and Oxidative Stress Caused by 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-15) on a Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum Tricornutum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Dong ◽  
Kun Gao ◽  
Pingkang Qian ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Chunye Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Cell Deformation ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract In this work, Phaeodactylum tricornutum was used to investigate the toxicity of 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether (BDE-15). Results showed that BDE-15 inhibited the photosynthetic activity and growth of P. tricornutum significantly with 24, 48, 72, and 96 h EC50 values of 1.03, 0.44, 0.41, and 0.42 mg L-1, respectively, indicating that it was a highly toxic substance. Moreover, BDE-15 could cause cell deformation, and a series of physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in the cells. Under the exposure of BDE-15, contents of chlorophyll a and soluble protein decreased significantly, but reactive oxygen species (ROS) were accumulated in the algal cells, which may cause or intensify the peroxidation of membrane lipids. For alleviating the toxicity of excessive ROS, activities of antioxidant enzymes increased dramatically when this diatom was exposed to BDE-15. Thus, it is concluded that the overproduction of ROS may be regarded as one of the major factors in BDE-15 toxicity.

Postnatal toxicity of copper oxychloride in lactating female albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abomosallam ◽  
Mahmoud Elalfy ◽  
Fathy Sleem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Lymphoid Depletion ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective: To evaluate the postnatal toxicity of copper oxychloride (COC) in lactating female albino rats. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Eighteen pregnant female albino rats weight 150±10 g and 6-7 week old. Procedures: Eighteen pregnant female albino rats were divided into 3 groups treated orally with copper oxychloride 0, 73.5, 147 mg/kg (equivalent 1/20 and 1/10 of LD50) daily from first day of parturition for 21 days. Female rats and its offspring were euthanized at 21 days of treatment. The postnatal toxic effect in the neonates and dams were estimated through biochemical biomarkers as metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers, histopathological and hematological evaluation. Results: There was a significant increase in liver enzymes activities as ALT and GGT and oxidative stress biomarker as MDA (P < 0.05) in both suckling pups and lactating dams beside decrease the level of metabolic biomarkers as glucose, total protein and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Additionally, antioxidant enzymes as SOD and CTA (P < 0.05) were reduced significantly in the treated groups in a dose dependent manner in comparison to control group. Moreover the histopathological revealed that Dams treated with COC at both doses shown degenerative changes and intralobular histiocytic infiltration with intralobular fibroblastic proliferation in the hepatic tissue. Neuronal necrosis, neuronophagia and astrocytosis in the brain tissue with degenerative changes of purkinje cells in cerebellum. Fibrous tissue proliferation of renal glomeruli with degenerative changes in renal tubular epithelium and marked lymphoid depletion in the splenic tissue in dose dependent manner. While Suckling pups of treated dams with different doses of COC shown focal histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltration besides congestion of portal vein and margination of leukocytes, focal edema in the neuropils with focal hemorrhagic areas in the brain tissue, degeneration in the renal glomeruli and severe lymphoid depletion with congestion of the splenic sinusoids in dose dependent manner. Conclusion and clinical relevance: The potential postnatal toxic effect of copper oxychloride in neonates and lactating female albino rats through transmammary transmission in milk clarified from biochemical and histopathological evaluation of dams and its pups.

Association between calcitriol and paricalcitol with oxidative stress in patients with hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hasan Haci Yeter ◽  
Berfu Korucu ◽  
Elif Burcu Bali ◽  
Ulver Derici
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Vitamin D Analog ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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