Evaluation of the In-Vitro Combined Antimicrobial Activities of Garcinia kola Heckel and Honey

Bio-Research ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Attama ◽  
O Okorogu ◽  
B Onuigbo
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Garcinia Kola Heckel

In Vitro Anticoccidial Activities of the Extract and Fractions of Garcinia kola (Heckel h.) against Eimeria tenella Oocyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manji Amos Shetshak ◽  
Isa Danjuma Jatau ◽  
Muhammed Musa Suleiman ◽  
Matthew Philip Ameh ◽  
Gabriel Ada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Eimeria Tenella ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Anticoccidial Agent ◽  
Garcinia Kola Heckel ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Background: Commercial poultry farming is expanding every day and contributing to the provision of affordable and high quality protein. However, this sector is confronted with many diseases of which coccidiosis is among the most important. There are many registered patents affirming the health benefits of Garcinia kola in poultry. Objective: Evaluation of In vitro anticoccidial activities of the extracts and fractions of Garcinia kola against Eimeria tenella oocyst was carried out. Method: Fresh seeds of G. kola were collected, dried under shade at room temperature and pulverized using a mortar and a pestle. The powder was exhaustively extracted with a soxhlet apparatus using 70% methanol and the crude methanol extract (CME) was concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The CME was further partitioned using butanol, ethylacetate and n-hexane. The CME, butanol fraction (BTF), ethylacetate fraction (EAF) and hexane fraction (HXF) were concentrated in vacuo and tested for the presence of phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Similarly the CME, butanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions were evaluated in vitro for oocyst sporulation inhibition. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins, carbohydrates, steroids/triterpenes, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids in the CME and BTF. The EAF contains all the metabolites mentioned except saponins. Similarly, HXF contains only cardiac glycosides, tannins and steroids/triterpenes. The CME and BTF caused a concentration dependent increase in the inhibition of sporulation of unsporulated oocysts of E. tenella. In the acute toxicity studies, the CME did not produce any toxic effect or mortality at doses between 10 and 5000 mg/kg. The CME was then considered safe and the LD50 was assumed to be >5000 mg/kg. Conclusion: The data obtained in this study suggest that the crude methanol extract (CME) of G. kola could be appreciable beneficial effect as an anticoccidial agent against Eimeria tenella oocyst.

scholarly journals The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against β-lactam-resistant bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (09) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gangoue-Pieboji ◽  
Noelly Eze ◽  
Arnaud Ngongang Djintchui ◽  
Bathélémy Ngameni ◽  
Nolé Tsabang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Garcinia Kola

Background: In effort to identify novel bacterial agents, this study was initiated to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of 17 crude extracts from 12 medicinal plants against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria. Methodology: The antimicrobial activities of plant extracts were evaluated against clinically proved beta-lactam-resistant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp.) and reference strains of bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 29751, E. aerogenes ATCC 13048, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790) by using disc-diffusion and agar-dilution assays. Results: The crude plant extracts demonstrated broad spectrum activity against all bacteria tested with inhibition zones in the range of 8-30 mm. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of different plant extracts against the tested bacteria were found to range from ≤ 0.3 to ≥ 10 mg ml-1. The most active plant extracts were from Dortenia picta and Bridelia micrantha (MIC: 1.25-10 mg ml-1) on beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and the extracts from B. micrantha, Mallotus oppositifolius, Garcinia lucida, Garcinia. kola, Campylospermum densiflorum (leaves) and C. zenkeri (root) on beta-lactam-resistant Gram-positive cocci (MIC: ≤ 0.3-5 mg ml-1). Conclusion: Of the 17 plant extracts studied, seven showed good antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. The stem bark of B. micrantha and the leaves of D. picta were most active towards beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacilli. This study shows that medicinal plants could be sources of compounds which can be used to fight against beta-lactam resistant bacteria.

Synthesis, Docking Study, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant, and Anti-microbial Activities of Novel 2,4-Disubstituted Thiazoles Based on Phenothiazine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Tran Nguyen Minh An ◽  
Pham Thai Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Minh Quang ◽  
Nguyen Van Son ◽  
Nguyen Van Cuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Ligand Interaction ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Mcf 7

: A series of novel 1,3-thiazole derivatives (5a-i) with a modified phenothiazine moiety were synthesized and tested against cancer cell line MCF-7 for their cytotoxicity. Most of them (5a-i) were less cytotoxic or had no activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line. Material and Methods: The IC50 value of compound (4) was 33.84 μM. The compounds (5a-i) were also evaluated for antimicrobial activities, but no significant activity was observed. The antioxidant activity was conducted for target compounds (5a-i). The IC50 value of compound (5b) was 0.151mM. Results: The total amount of energy, ACE (atomic contact energy), energy of receptor (PDB: 5G5J), and ligand interaction of structure (4) were found to be 22.448 Kcal.mol-1 , -247.68, and -91.91 Kcal.mol-1, respectively. The structure (4) is well binded with the receptor because the values of binding energy, steric energy, and the number of hydrogen bondings are -91.91, 22.448 kcal.mol-1, and 2, respectively. It shows that structure (4) has good cytotoxicity with MCF-7 in vitro. Conclusion: The increasing of docking ability of structures (5a-i) with the receptor is presented in increasing order as (5f)>(5e)>(5g)>(5a)>(5b)>(5d)>(5c)>(5i)>(5h). The structure bearing substitution as thiosemicarbazone (4), nitrogen heterocyclic (5f), halogen (5e), and azide (5g) showed good cytotoxicity activity in vitro.

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