Kinematic and Biomechanical Response of Post-Mortem Human Subjects Under Various Pre-Impact Postures to High-Rate Vertical Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Wood Zaseck ◽  
Anne C Bonifas ◽  
Carl S Miller ◽  
Nichole Ritchie Orton ◽  
Matthew P Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Biomechanical Response

Comparison of Human Surrogate Responses in Underbody Blast Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ott ◽  
D. Drewry ◽  
M. Luongo ◽  
J. Andrist ◽  
R. Armiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Occupant Safety ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Impact Biomechanics ◽  
Biomechanical Response ◽  
Hybrid Iii

Abstract Impact biomechanics research in occupant safety predominantly focuses on the effects of loads applied to human subjects during automotive collisions. Characterization of the biomechanical response under such loading conditions is an active and important area of investigation. However, critical knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of human biomechanical response and injury tolerance under vertically accelerated loading conditions experienced due to underbody blast (UBB) events. This knowledge gap is reflected in anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) used to assess occupant safety. Experiments are needed to characterize biomechanical response under UBB relevant loading conditions. Matched pair experiments in which an existing ATD is evaluated in the same conditions as a post mortem human subject (PMHS) may be utilized to evaluate biofidelity and injury prediction capabilities, as well as ATD durability, under vertical loading. To characterize whole body response in the vertical direction, six whole body PMHS tests were completed under two vertical loading conditions. A series of 50th percentile hybrid III ATD tests were completed under the same conditions. Ability of the hybrid III to represent the PMHS response was evaluated using a standard evaluation metric. Tibial accelerations were comparable in both response shape and magnitude, while other sensor locations had large variations in response. Posttest inspection of the hybrid III revealed damage to the pelvis foam and skin, which resulted in large variations in pelvis response. This work provides an initial characterization of the response of the seated hybrid III ATD and PMHS under high rate vertical accelerative loading.

Comparison of Hybrid-III and Postmortem Human Surrogate Response to Simulated Underbody Blast Loading

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Marie Bailey ◽  
John J. Christopher ◽  
Robert S. Salzar ◽  
Frederick Brozoski
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Military Vehicle ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Chaotic Nature

Response of the human body to high-rate vertical loading, such as military vehicle underbody blast (UBB), is not well understood because of the chaotic nature of such events. The purpose of this research was to compare the response of postmortem human surrogates (PMHS) and the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) to simulated UBB loading ranging from 100 to 860 g seat and floor acceleration. Data from 13 whole body PMHS tests were used to create response corridors for vertical loading conditions for the pelvis, T1, head, femur, and tibia; these responses were compared to Hybrid-III responses under matched loading conditions.

Lower Extremity Impact and Injury Responses of Male and Female PMHS to High-Rate Vertical Loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cristino ◽  
H. Pietsch ◽  
A. Kemper ◽  
J. Bolte ◽  
K. Danelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vertical Loading

Finite-Element-Based Transfer Equations: Post-Mortem Human Subjects versus Hybrid III Test Dummy in Blunt Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed E. El-jawahri ◽  
Tony R. Laituri ◽  
Agnes S. Kim ◽  
Stephen W. Rouhana ◽  
Para V. Weerappuli
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Blunt Impact ◽  
Transfer Equations ◽  
Hybrid Iii

A Comparison of Sacroiliac and Pubic Rami Fracture Occurrences in Oblique Side Impact Tests on Nine Post Mortem Human Subjects

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Petit ◽  
Xavier Trosseille ◽  
Mathieu Lebarbé ◽  
Pascal Baudrit ◽  
Pascal Potier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Pubic Rami ◽  
Impact Tests

Far Side Impact Injury Threshold Recommendations Based on 6 Paired WorldSID / Post Mortem Human Subjects Tests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Petit ◽  
Xavier Trosseille ◽  
Jérome Uriot ◽  
David Poulard ◽  
Pascal Potier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Injury Threshold ◽  
Impact Injury

Investigation of Upper Body and Cervical Spine Kinematics of Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS) during Low-Speed, Rear-End Impacts

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. White ◽  
Paul C. Begeman ◽  
Warren N. Hardy ◽  
King H. Yang ◽  
Koshiro Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Spine Kinematics

Finite-Element-Based Transfer Equations: Post-Mortem Human Subjects versus Hybrid III Test Dummy in Frontal Sled Impact

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
Raed E. El-jawahri ◽  
Tony R. Laituri ◽  
Agnes S. Kim ◽  
Stephen W. Rouhana ◽  
Para V. Weerappuli
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Transfer Equations ◽  
Hybrid Iii

Level- and Region-Specific Properties of Young Human Lumbar Annulus

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Stemper ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Barry S. Shender ◽  
Glenn R. Paskoff ◽  
Frank A. Pintar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Spinal Level ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Anatomical Region

The objective of this study was to determine the material properties of the human lumbar intervertebral disc annulus as a function of anatomical region and spinal level. Samples from minimally or nondegenerated spines were extracted from young post mortem human subjects and tested in tension. Statistically significant differences were found based on anatomical region. Trends appear to indicate spinal level dependency, although additional samples are required to attain statistical significance. It is possible to use finite element models incorporating these region- and level-specific properties to quantify internal load-sharing and delineate the mechanism of disorders such as herniation.

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