Comparison of Hybrid-III and Postmortem Human Surrogate Response to Simulated Underbody Blast Loading

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Marie Bailey ◽  
John J. Christopher ◽  
Robert S. Salzar ◽  
Frederick Brozoski
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Military Vehicle ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Chaotic Nature

Response of the human body to high-rate vertical loading, such as military vehicle underbody blast (UBB), is not well understood because of the chaotic nature of such events. The purpose of this research was to compare the response of postmortem human surrogates (PMHS) and the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) to simulated UBB loading ranging from 100 to 860 g seat and floor acceleration. Data from 13 whole body PMHS tests were used to create response corridors for vertical loading conditions for the pelvis, T1, head, femur, and tibia; these responses were compared to Hybrid-III responses under matched loading conditions.

Comparison of Human Surrogate Responses in Underbody Blast Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ott ◽  
D. Drewry ◽  
M. Luongo ◽  
J. Andrist ◽  
R. Armiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Occupant Safety ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Impact Biomechanics ◽  
Biomechanical Response ◽  
Hybrid Iii

Abstract Impact biomechanics research in occupant safety predominantly focuses on the effects of loads applied to human subjects during automotive collisions. Characterization of the biomechanical response under such loading conditions is an active and important area of investigation. However, critical knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of human biomechanical response and injury tolerance under vertically accelerated loading conditions experienced due to underbody blast (UBB) events. This knowledge gap is reflected in anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) used to assess occupant safety. Experiments are needed to characterize biomechanical response under UBB relevant loading conditions. Matched pair experiments in which an existing ATD is evaluated in the same conditions as a post mortem human subject (PMHS) may be utilized to evaluate biofidelity and injury prediction capabilities, as well as ATD durability, under vertical loading. To characterize whole body response in the vertical direction, six whole body PMHS tests were completed under two vertical loading conditions. A series of 50th percentile hybrid III ATD tests were completed under the same conditions. Ability of the hybrid III to represent the PMHS response was evaluated using a standard evaluation metric. Tibial accelerations were comparable in both response shape and magnitude, while other sensor locations had large variations in response. Posttest inspection of the hybrid III revealed damage to the pelvis foam and skin, which resulted in large variations in pelvis response. This work provides an initial characterization of the response of the seated hybrid III ATD and PMHS under high rate vertical accelerative loading.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Suit on the Bomb Squad Safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Michał GMITRZUK ◽  
Lech STARCZEWSKI ◽  
Krzysztof SZCZEŚNIAK ◽  
Dariusz DANIELEWICZ ◽  
Robert NYC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Wall Velocity ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Plastic Explosive ◽  
Explosive Ordnance Disposal ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a study on the influence of shock wave on a Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD HIII) equipped with an explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) suit. The shock wave was generated by the detonation of SEMTEX 1A plastic explosive, formed in the shape of a 250 g, 500 g, and 840 g sphere, at a distance of 0.5 m, 1 m, and 2 m. The use of ATD allowed for determining parameters of damage to the human body as a result of the impact of overpressure wave. The experiments also included a measurement of such parameters as forces and moments on lower extremi-ties, acceleration of head and pelvis, and forces and moments on a neck simulator. Chest Wall Velocity Predictor (CWVP), calculated from the pressure measured on ADT’s chest, was adopted as the most critical parameter. It was revealed that the allowed distance of explosion of a 500 g pure explosive, which does not cause exceeding the allowed parameters, is 1 m.

An Experimental and Numerical Study of Hybrid III Dummy Response to Simulated Underbody Blast Impacts

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Somasundaram ◽  
Anil Kalra ◽  
Don Sherman ◽  
Paul Begeman ◽  
King H. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Hybrid Iii

Anthropometric test devices (ATDs) such as the Hybrid III dummy have been widely used in automotive crash tests to evaluate the risks of injury at different body regions. In recent years, researchers have started using automotive ATDs to study the high-speed vertical loading response caused by underbody blast impacts. This study analyzed the Hybrid III dummy responses to short-duration, large magnitude vertical accelerations in a laboratory setup. Two unique test conditions were investigated using a horizontal sled system to simulate underbody blast loading conditions. The biomechanical responses in terms of pelvis acceleration, chest acceleration, lumbar spine force, head accelerations, and neck forces were measured. Subsequently, a series of finite element (FE) analyses were performed to simulate the physical tests. The correlation between the Hybrid III test and numerical model was evaluated using the correlation and analysis (cora) version 3.6.1. The score for the Wayne State University (WSU) FE model was 0.878 and 0.790 for loading conditions 1 and 2, respectively, in which 1.0 indicated a perfect correlation between the experiment and the simulated response. With repetitive vertical impacts, the Hybrid III dummy pelvis showed a significant increase in peak acceleration accompanied by a rupture of the pelvis foam and flesh. The revised WSU Hybrid III model indicated high stress concentrations at the same location, providing a possible explanation for the material failure in actual Hybrid III tests.

Kinematic and Biomechanical Response of Post-Mortem Human Subjects Under Various Pre-Impact Postures to High-Rate Vertical Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Wood Zaseck ◽  
Anne C Bonifas ◽  
Carl S Miller ◽  
Nichole Ritchie Orton ◽  
Matthew P Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Biomechanical Response

Comparison of Upper and Lower Hybrid III Dummy Neck Compression Forces Under Vertical Loading

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Lower Hybrid ◽  
Crash Analysis ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Side Crash ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Loading

Abstract The determination of the relationship of the upper and lower Hybrid III dummy neck transducer loads during vertical drop test loading was of interest in the present study. The anthropometric test device is a tool used in crash analysis. It is typically used for frontal or side crash analysis. It has however been used for vertical drop or rollover studies (1).

EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF LUMPED-PARAMETER HUMAN BODY MODELS EXPOSED TO WHOLE BODY VIBRATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550023 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUNUS ZIYA ARSLAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Human Body Models

Whole body vibration (WBV) is uncontrolled vibrations in occupational settings such as vehicle driving or hand tool operating. Chronic occupational WBV exposure may cause many health problems such as fatigue, lower back pain, spinal degenerations, vision problems and so on. In order to simulate and observe the adverse effects of WBV on the human body, many lumped-parameter human body models were proposed. The objective of this study is to provide quantified assessments of human body biodynamic models which were designed to characterize the response of real human body exposed to WBV. To do so, direct measurements of vibration accelerations obtained from different segments of human body and vehicle seat were carried out during riding on roads with different unevenness levels. Recorded experimental acceleration data were compared with those obtained from simulations of different human body models. Root mean square difference and correlation coefficient values were calculated between theoretical and experimental accelerations for a quantitative assessment of the existing models. According to the comparison results, biodynamic model proposed by Boileau and Rakheja [Boileau P-É, Rakheja S, Whole-body vertical biodynamic response characteristics of the seated vehicle driver: Measurement and model development, Int J Ind Ergonom22:449–472, 1998] showed the best correlation with the experimental acceleration data.

AVALIAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE VIBRAÇÃO TRANSMITIDOS AO CORPO HUMANO POR UM TRATOR AGRÍCOLA

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Roger Oliva Felix ◽  
Victor Manieri Schutzer ◽  
João Eduardo Guarnetti dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Agricultural Tractors ◽  
Agricultural Tractor

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar os níveis de vibração transmitidos ao corpo humano por um trator agrícola, buscando adequar-se aos aspectos ergonômicos. Para realização dessa análise foi necessário um instrumento de medição (acelerômetro), que realiza a aquisição de dados mostrando a aceleração resultante no assento do operador. Os resultados obtidos mostraram situações em que os níveis de vibração estão além do recomendado, possibilitando, dessa forma, uma oportunidade de melhoria referente aos níveis de vibração, com o intuito de isolar os níveis de vibração transmitidos ao operador e de adequar ou aproximar os níveis de vibração satisfatórios, conforme a norma descritiva sobre vibrações de corpo inteiro.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ergonomia de produto, tratores agrícolas, análise experimental em máquinas agrícolas. EVALUATION OF VIBRATION LEVELS TRANSMITTED BY AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR TO  HUMAN BODYABSTRACT: The study objective to analyze the levels of vibration transmitted to the human body by an agricultural tractor, seeking to adapt to the ergonomic aspects. For It was necessary an instrument of measuring that performs  the seat acceleration data collection. The obtained results showed situations in which the levels of vibration are above of the recommended.  Thus, there is an opportunity of improvement, as to isolate the levels of vibration transmitted to the operator, as to adapt the levels of satisfactory vibration according to the standard of whole body vibrations.KEYWORDS: ergonomics of product, agricultural tractors, experimental analysis in agricultural machinery

scholarly journals Research on college gymnastics teaching model based on multimedia image and image texture feature analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wu ◽  
Jikun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Texture Feature ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Image Texture ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Database Modeling ◽  
Rigid Model ◽  
The Subject

AbstractWith the rapid development of gymnastics technology, novel movements are also emerging. Due to the emergence of various complicated new movements, higher requirements are put forward for college gymnastics teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the multimedia simulation technology to construct the human body rigid model and combine the image texture features to display the simulation image in texture form. In the study, GeBOD morphological database modeling was used to provide the data needed for the modeling of the whole-body human body of the joint and used for dynamics simulation. Simultaneously, in order to analyze and summarize the technical essentials of the innovative action, this experiment compared and analyzed the hem stage of the cross-headstand movement of the subject and the hem stage of the 180° movement. Research shows that the method proposed in this paper has certain practical effects.

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