scholarly journals Biomechanical Response of the Human Pelvis: a High-Rate Vertical Loading Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Biomechanical Response

Kinematic and Biomechanical Response of Post-Mortem Human Subjects Under Various Pre-Impact Postures to High-Rate Vertical Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Wood Zaseck ◽  
Anne C Bonifas ◽  
Carl S Miller ◽  
Nichole Ritchie Orton ◽  
Matthew P Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Biomechanical Response

Lower Extremity Impact and Injury Responses of Male and Female PMHS to High-Rate Vertical Loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cristino ◽  
H. Pietsch ◽  
A. Kemper ◽  
J. Bolte ◽  
K. Danelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Vertical Loading

Comparison of Human Surrogate Responses in Underbody Blast Loading Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ott ◽  
D. Drewry ◽  
M. Luongo ◽  
J. Andrist ◽  
R. Armiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Occupant Safety ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Impact Biomechanics ◽  
Biomechanical Response ◽  
Hybrid Iii

Abstract Impact biomechanics research in occupant safety predominantly focuses on the effects of loads applied to human subjects during automotive collisions. Characterization of the biomechanical response under such loading conditions is an active and important area of investigation. However, critical knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of human biomechanical response and injury tolerance under vertically accelerated loading conditions experienced due to underbody blast (UBB) events. This knowledge gap is reflected in anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) used to assess occupant safety. Experiments are needed to characterize biomechanical response under UBB relevant loading conditions. Matched pair experiments in which an existing ATD is evaluated in the same conditions as a post mortem human subject (PMHS) may be utilized to evaluate biofidelity and injury prediction capabilities, as well as ATD durability, under vertical loading. To characterize whole body response in the vertical direction, six whole body PMHS tests were completed under two vertical loading conditions. A series of 50th percentile hybrid III ATD tests were completed under the same conditions. Ability of the hybrid III to represent the PMHS response was evaluated using a standard evaluation metric. Tibial accelerations were comparable in both response shape and magnitude, while other sensor locations had large variations in response. Posttest inspection of the hybrid III revealed damage to the pelvis foam and skin, which resulted in large variations in pelvis response. This work provides an initial characterization of the response of the seated hybrid III ATD and PMHS under high rate vertical accelerative loading.

High rate of long-term survivals in aml treated by chemotherapy and androgenotherapy. A pilot study

Cancer ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1540-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hollard ◽  
J. J. Sotto ◽  
R. Berthier ◽  
J. Leger ◽  
M. Michallet
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Rate

The development and implementation of a discharge checklist for psychiatric inpatients: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Khanbhai ◽  
Michael Nance ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Discharge Planning ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Objectives: Readmission rates are a routinely used measure of patient and service outcomes, potentially improved by discharge planning. This pilot study aimed to develop a discharge checklist for psychiatric inpatients, exploring its feasibility, applicability, and impact on readmission rates. Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental, pre–post intervention design. The checklist was designed from an evidence-based literature review, and introduced for a three-month period, comparing 28-day readmission rates with the previous three months using interrupted time series analysis. Results: Checklists were completed for 80% of patients in the trial period, with 100% completion of checklist items. Demographic and clinical details for pre- and post-intervention groups were closely aligned. There was a small, but statistically non-significant, reduction in readmission rates. Conclusions: There was a high rate of checklist completion. The lack of significant reductions in readmission rates supports more development of the checklist application and design before a longer implementation period and re-evaluation.

scholarly journals Virtual Antenatal Encounter and Standardized Simulation Assessment (VANESSA): Pilot Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Motz ◽  
Megan Gray ◽  
Taylor Sawyer ◽  
Jennifer Kett ◽  
Douglas Danforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Prenatal Counseling ◽  
Counseling Literature

BACKGROUND Prenatal counseling at the limits of newborn viability involves sensitive interactions between neonatal providers and families. Empathetic discussions are currently learned through practice in times of high stress. Decision aids may help improve provider communication but have not been universally adopted. Virtual standardized patients are increasingly recognized as a modality for education, but prenatal counseling simulations have not been described. To be valuable as a tool, a virtual patient would need to accurately portray emotions and elicit a realistic response from the provider. OBJECTIVE To determine if neonatal providers can accurately identify a standardized virtual prenatal patient’s emotional states and examine the frequency of empathic responses to statements made by the patient. METHODS A panel of Neonatologists, Simulation Specialists, and Ethicists developed a dialogue and identified empathic responses. Virtual Antenatal Encounter and Standardized Simulation Assessment (VANESSA), a screen-based simulation of a woman at 23 weeks gestation, was capable of displaying anger, fear, sadness, and happiness through animations. Twenty-four neonatal providers, including a subgroup with an ethics interest, were asked to identify VANESSA’s emotions 28 times, respond to statements, and answer open-ended questions. The emotions were displayed in different formats: without dialogue, with text dialogue, and with audio dialogue. Participants completed a post-encounter survey describing demographics and experience. Data were reported using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data from open ended questions (eg, “What would you do?”) were examined using thematic analysis. RESULTS Half of our participants had over 10 years of clinical experience. Most participants reported using medical research (18/23, 78%) and mortality calculators (17/23, 74%). Only the ethics-interested subgroup (10/23, 43%) listed counseling literature (7/10, 70%). Of 672 attempts, participants accurately identified VANESSA’s emotions 77.8% (523/672) of the time, and most (14/23, 61%) reported that they were confident in identifying these emotions. The ethics interest group was more likely to choose empathic responses (P=.002). Participants rated VANESSA as easy to use (22/23, 96%) and reported that she had realistic dialogue (15/23, 65%). CONCLUSIONS This pilot study shows that a prenatal counseling simulation is feasible and can yield useful data on prenatal counseling communication. Our participants showed a high rate of emotion recognition and empathy in their responses.

End-of-life decisions and appropriateness of care in intensive care: a cross-sectional, pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cescon ◽  
E Monaco ◽  
D Gregori ◽  
M Martinato
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Life Support ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Inappropriate Care ◽  
Organ Failures ◽  
Life Decisions

Abstract In Intensive Care Units (ICUs) patients can experience severe organ failures. In several cases, failures can be incurable, making many of the treatments inappropriate, according to ethical principles. Based on the current legislation, in ICUs, clinicians proceed to limit life support care in most of the cases described. Despite this, some studies report that in many cases the care provided is inappropriate for the prognosis. The study aims at investigating the type and frequency of healthcare personnel's End of Life Decisions (DEL) and the point of view of patients' family, contributing to the debate. A non-interventional cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in 3 ICUs in North-Eastern Italy. Two questionnaires were administered: the first investigates DEL and the perception of nurses and physicians regarding the inadequacy of care provided to patients (from the ELDY study), the second focuses on the family's opinions. Data are expressed by frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. In line with most of previous studies, cases identified as DEL are all related to non-treatment decisions (n = 20, 74%), 44% of these are related to having stopped or not started treatments already knowing the possibility of anticipating the end of life of the patient, while 27% had the precise intention of shortening life. The situation has been discussed with patient's relatives only in two cases. The cause of increased inappropriateness (87%) was the perception that other patients would benefit more from intensive care than the patient in charge, and 40% of the healthcare personnel reported that similar situations occur very frequently. The restriction of treatment has been confirmed as the most frequent DEL, and interruption being more frequent than non-implementation. Given the high rate of inappropriate care, it could be effective to follow adequate guidelines in the management of the DEL and discuss strategies within the team and with patients' family. Key messages When severe organ failures are incurable, in ICUs clinicians proceed to limit life support to the patient in charge. Despite this, in many cases the care provided is inappropriate for the prognosis. Given the high rate of inappropriate care, it could be effective to follow adequate guidelines in the management of the DEL and discuss strategies within the team and with patients’ family.

scholarly journals Nudging down theft from insecure vehicles. A pilot study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Roach ◽  
Kevin Weir ◽  
Paul Phillips ◽  
Karen Gaskell ◽  
Miles Walton
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Behavioural Insights

This report presents the preliminary findings of a pilot study to reduce thefts from cars committed against insecure vehicles, using the behavioural insights or ‘nudge approach’. The recipients of the ‘nudges’ were potential victims of theft from insecure vehicles living in high rate areas for this crime, where a bespoke leaflet campaign was developed to nudge vehicle owners into thinking more carefully when leaving their vehicles unattended, particularly when left on their driveways overnight. Although somewhat tentative at this stage, the preliminary findings indicate that the percentage of thefts committed against insecure vehicles in the two treatment areas was reduced significantly when compared with the two control group areas where no nudge interventions were introduced. This demonstrates that if appropriate nudges (grounded in psychological theory) are coupled with and delivered by appropriate messengers, the prosocial behavioural change can be encouraged which can lead to a reduction in criminal behaviour and opportunities for crime.

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