Characterization of Knock Tendency and Onset in a GDI Engine by Means of Conventional Measurements and a Non-Conventional Flame Dynamics Optical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2439-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Catapano ◽  
Paolo Sementa ◽  
Bianca Maria Vaglieco
Keyword(s):  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Flame Dynamics ◽  
Gdi Engine

Characterization of acoustically forced swirl flame dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 2893-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Kumar Thumuluru ◽  
Tim Lieuwen
Keyword(s):  
Flame Dynamics ◽  
Swirl Flame

Optical Analysis and Simulation of Diesel Sprays in a High Pressure and High Temperature Spray Box

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Fimml ◽  
Christian Fuchs ◽  
Thomas Jauk ◽  
Andreas Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Diesel Sprays ◽  
Optical Visualization ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

The characterization of diesel sprays for the simulation-based optimization of injection strategies and combustion chamber geometries is of particular importance to reach future targets concerning performance, fuel consumption and emissions. The prediction quality of this simulation process depends largely upon the adequate calibration of the spray models used. This paper aims to present the experimental setup of a spray box, the applied optical visualization techniques and the results. Furthermore, it will show the adjustment and the validation of the simulation models based on the experimental analysis.

Analysis of Blue Discharges in Thunderclouds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystallia Dimitriadou ◽  
Olivier Chanrion ◽  
Torsten Neubert ◽  
Matthias Heumesser ◽  
Alain Protat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Electrical Discharges ◽  
Imaging Array ◽  
Lightning Leader ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Imaging Sensor

<p>The Modular Multispectral Imaging Array (MMIA) of the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM) contains 3 photometers and 2 cameras, that monitors electrical discharges in and above thunderstorms. The 3 photometers sample in the bands:  337/4 nm, the VUV band 180-230 nm and 777.4/5 nm at 100 kHz; and the 2 cameras record in the bands 337/5 nm and 777.4/3 nm, with a temporal resolution of 12 frames per second. The 337 nm band corresponds to the strongest line of N<sub>2</sub>2P, the VUV band include part of the N2 LBH and the 777.4 nm band corresponds to the OI line which is the strongest emission line of lightning leader channel. Here, we analyse observations of flashes that are predominantly blue. We will discuss the leader/streamer nature of these flashes. The analysis incorporates satellite cloud observations and weather radar measurements for the characterization of the thunderstorm clouds and their phase of development. In our optical analysis we incorporate also comparisons with data from NASA’s Lightning Imaging Sensor on the ISS (ISS-LIS) and VAISALA’s lightning location network GLD360.</p>

Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Storey ◽  
Sam Lewis ◽  
James Szybist ◽  
John Thomas ◽  
Teresa Barone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Gdi Engine

REALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW ORGANIC THIN FILM SEMICONDUCTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850127 ◽  
Author(s):  
IMANE TIFFOUR ◽  
SALAH BASSAID ◽  
ABDELKADER DEHBI ◽  
ABDELKADER BELFEDAL ◽  
ABDEL-HAMID I. MOURAD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Semiconductor Material ◽  
Index Formula ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Dispersion Energy ◽  
Optical Energy Bandgap

The main objective of this paper is the realization and characterization of a new organic thin film semiconductor material through the use of an ideal mixture of Acetaminophen/Curcumin utilizing several characterization techniques. From optical analysis, we can conclude that our semiconductor material is comparable and shows good concurrency to the semiconductors applied in technologic applications. In fact, the analysis of the optical measurement (transmittance [Formula: see text] conducting to the optical energy bandgap, [Formula: see text], it was found the optical bandgap is around to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]eV. In addition, by using the Wemple Didominico model it was found the dispersion energy ED varied from 5[Formula: see text]eV to 7[Formula: see text]eV, the average bandgap [Formula: see text] separated the center of both bands occupied and unoccupied is around 4.5[Formula: see text]eV and the static refractive index [Formula: see text] varies from 1.3 to 2 and it dependent on the compactness and transparency of the material.

Particulate Morphology Characterization of Butanol–Gasoline Blend Fueled Spark-Ignition Direct Injection Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Sharma ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Gdi Engine

Abstract Butanol is an oxygenated renewable fuel and therefore is a potential candidate to be blended with gasoline to reduce particulate emissions. In this experimental investigation, particle number-size (PN-size) distribution and morphology (physical characterization) of soot emitted by the butanol–gasoline blend in a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine have been investigated. The effect of engine load and fuel injection pressure (FIP) on particulates was investigated for two test fuels: gasoline and Bu15 (85%, v/v, gasoline blended with 15%, v/v, butanol) in a 0.5 L single-cylinder GDI engine using an engine exhaust particulate sizer (EEPS) and a partial flow dilution tunnel for collecting particulate samples on a filter paper. The physical characterization of particulates included primary particle size (Dp) and particle agglomerate characterization parameters such as agglomerate length (L), agglomerate width (W), skeletal length (Lsk) and skeletal width (Wsk), which were determined using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and corresponding image analyses. PN-size distribution was relatively lower for Bu15, which decreased with increasing FIP. Regardless of the GDI engine operating condition, classical sphere and chain-like agglomerates having nearly similar nano-scale morphology were detected. The primary particle diameter changed with varying engine operating conditions. A comparative analysis of soot originating from Bu15 and gasoline was presented, which may be useful for gasoline particulate filter (GPF) design and to understand the regeneration of GPFs in practical engine applications.

Molecular Beam Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of GaAs on Sapphire and Silicon-on-Sapphire Substrates

1988 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Humphreys ◽  
C. J. Miner ◽  
N. R. Parikh ◽  
K. Das ◽  
M. K. Summerville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxial ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Semiconductor Contacts ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxial Growth

ABSTRACTEpitaxial GaAs layers have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (1012) sapphire and silicon-on-sapphire substrates. The grown layers were characterized by optical and transmission electron microscopy; Rutherford backscattering/channeling of 2.1 MeV He+ ions; Raman spectroscopy; Hall mobility measurements; photoluminescence spectroscopy and current-voltage measurements from metal-semiconductor contacts. The extensive microstructural, electrical and optical analysis of the GaAs layers indicates that the films deposited on silicon-on-sapphire are superior to those grown directly on (1012) sapphire substrates.

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