Optimization of Automotive Carpet Fabric for Enhanced Abrasion Resistance for Low Cost Car

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Pandey ◽  
Rahul Bharadwaj ◽  
Swapna Sethi
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Hydrogel Functionalized Polyester Fabrics by UV-Induced Photopolymerization

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Lorusso ◽  
Wael Ali ◽  
Marcus Hildebrandt ◽  
Thomas Mayer-Gall ◽  
Jochen S. Gutmann
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Acrylate Monomer ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
Grafted Polymer ◽  
Cross Linker

We address a strategy to graft hydrogels onto polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics using different acrylate-based monomers. The hydrogel-modified fabrics were prepared by a two-step modification. To this end, double functional groups were firstly introduced onto the PET surface via an aminolysis reaction involving allylamine. The final grafted polymer networks were then obtained after UV-induced radical photopolymerization by varying acrylate monomer types in the presence of a cross-linker. After characterization, the resulting hydrogels showed different morphologies and abrasion resistance performances depending on their chemical nature. UV-photopolymerization is a fast and low-cost method to achieve technical fabrics with specific desired properties.

Dc Plasma Sprayed Polymer Composite Coatings for Abrasion Resistant Protective Surfaces

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Y. Tufa ◽  
F. Gitzhofer
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Dc Plasma ◽  
Polymer Injection ◽  
Hot Plasma ◽  
Plasma Sprayed

Abstract A high energy recovery of dc plasma torch has been developed and applied to the deposition of >10 mm thick polymer composites for abrasion resistant protective surfaces. The injection of low cost fillers such as alumina or silica in the hot plasma zone can absorb a lot of energy and cool down the plasma whereas polymer powder is injected downstream in a much cooler zone. Indeed, the energy absorbed by the fillers can then be transferred inside the polymer matrix coating allowing an energy recovery mechanism. The result is a composite polymer/ceramic with the following benefits: The shrinking phenomena due to the polymer recrystallisation is eliminated allowing a good coating adhesion, a high polymer/filler throughput can be achieved and the risk of the in-flight polymer combustion is largely reduced. The fillers addition decreases the overall cost of the coating and the type of filler can influence the composite properties. Abrasion resistant composites have been produced with alumina fillers. Medium density polyethylene (MDPE) sprayed with 45 wt % reinforcement as tested on the modified ASTM G-65 apparatus has shown abrasion resistance as good as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which is one of the highest abrasion resistant polymer. In order to understand the abrasion resistance mechanisms, variables in the coating process such as: size of the fillers, polymer injection angles, polymer degradation and composite microstructure have been analyzed.

scholarly journals Low-cost test setup for motorcycle protective clothing abrasion examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Dietrich Spädt ◽  
Imane Moulefera ◽  
Al Mamun ◽  
Marah Trabelsi ◽  
Lilia Sabantina
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Different Types

The personal protective equipment and protective clothing for motorcyclists reduce physical injuries to victims of road accidents. Therefore, it is important that the protective clothing complies with a number of test standards, which must be taken into account during the manufacturing process. However, the EN17092-1 to 6 standard does not necessarily correspond to a real accident situations and these testing procedures are time consuming. In this study, a simple and inexpensive self-constructed device for testing the abrasion resistance of motorcycle protective clothing was developed and evaluated. Different types of textiles and leather with and without coating were tested and compared. According to the results of this study, not only leather but also textiles offer good abrasion resistance results. The results show that the strength of an impact significantly changes the abrasion resistance. The developed test method can provide a good alternative as a low-cost and simple test method of abrasion resistance of motorcycle protective clothing.

New Technics of Restoring High-Strength Steel Parts on Airplane by Brush Plating a Composite Coating of Diamond

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3327-3330
Author(s):  
Wen Jun Ge ◽  
Qin Yun Lv ◽  
Cheng Bao Xia
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coating ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Binding Force ◽  
Strong Binding ◽  
Brush Plating ◽  
Simple Technology

In order to solve the restoring problem of the high-strength steel accessories on the airplane, the feasibility study about restoring the high-strength steel accessories by electro-brush plating has been done. The restoring technics was discussed, furthermore, we test the rigidity, binding force and abrasion resistance of the parts after restoring. It indicates that the restoring technology owns many advantages, such as simple technology flow, convenient operation, low cost, strong binding force between the coating and substrate and good abrasion resistance, which could meet the request of the use completely. So it is worth extending.

Oil Resistant Elastomers for Hose Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Dunn ◽  
R. G. Vara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Oil Resistance ◽  
Good Heat

Abstract Since there are so many types of hose based on oil resistant elastomers and so many specifications for each type, sometimes with conflicting requirements, it is not possible to generalize regarding current uses or future trends. NBR makes up the bulk of elastomer usage for hose tubes; CR has the highest usage in covers and is used in tubes also. NBR/PVC is used in both tubes and covers. High volume usage of these polymers is expected to continue where low cost and ease of handling are paramount. When higher heat resistance is required in covers, CSM and CM are used, and the trend towards use of these is expected to continue. XNBR/PVC blends may also be used in covers when excellent abrasion resistance is required. CSM and CM may be used in tubes requiring moderate oil resistance and good heat aging. For still better heat aging, the tendency is to use ethylene-methylacrylate or silicone. When low fuel permeability is required, ECO is used; it may also be used in the cover, since it is inherently ozone resistant. The ultimate in combined fuel, oil, and heat resistance is afforded by fluoroelastomers, the use of which is increasing, where hose service requirements are particularly severe, despite their higher cost.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

Spectraplot: A PC-based spectrum translation and display program

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
H. O. Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Error Checking ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The University

Many labs today wish to transfer data between their EDS systems and their existing PCs and minicomputers. Our lab has implemented SpectraPlot, a low- cost PC-based system to allow offline examination and plotting of spectra. We adopted this system in order to make more efficient use of our microscopes and EDS consoles, to provide hardcopy output for an older EDS system, and to allow students to access their data after leaving the university.As shown in Fig. 1, we have three EDS systems (one of which is located in another building) which can store data on 8 inch RT-11 floppy disks. We transfer data from these systems to a DEC MINC computer using “SneakerNet”, which consists of putting on a pair of sneakers and running down the hall. We then use the Hermit file transfer program to download the data files with error checking from the MINC to the PC.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of oriented Co84Cr14Ta2 thin films for longitudinal magnetic recording

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 756-757
Author(s):  
T. P. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Magnetic Alloy ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Transmission Electron

Thin film magnetic media are being used as low cost, high density forms of information storage. The development of this technology requires the study, at the sub-micron level, of morphological, crystallographic, and magnetic properties, throughout the depth of the deposited films. As the microstructure becomes increasingly fine, widi grain sizes approaching 100Å, the unique characterization capabilities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have become indispensable to the analysis of such thin film magnetic media.Films were deposited at 225°C, on two NiP plated Al substrates, one polished, and one circumferentially textured with a mean roughness of 55Å. Three layers, a 750Å chromium underlayer, a 600Å layer of magnetic alloy of composition Co84Cr14Ta2, and a 300Å amorphous carbon overcoat were then sputter deposited using a dc magnetron system at a power of 1kW, in a chamber evacuated below 10-6 torr and filled to 12μm Ar pressure. The textured medium is presently used in industry owing to its high coercivity, Hc, and relatively low noise. One important feature is that the coercivity in the circumferential read/write direction is significandy higher than that in the radial direction.

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