Oil Resistant Elastomers for Hose Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Dunn ◽  
R. G. Vara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Oil Resistance ◽  
Good Heat

Abstract Since there are so many types of hose based on oil resistant elastomers and so many specifications for each type, sometimes with conflicting requirements, it is not possible to generalize regarding current uses or future trends. NBR makes up the bulk of elastomer usage for hose tubes; CR has the highest usage in covers and is used in tubes also. NBR/PVC is used in both tubes and covers. High volume usage of these polymers is expected to continue where low cost and ease of handling are paramount. When higher heat resistance is required in covers, CSM and CM are used, and the trend towards use of these is expected to continue. XNBR/PVC blends may also be used in covers when excellent abrasion resistance is required. CSM and CM may be used in tubes requiring moderate oil resistance and good heat aging. For still better heat aging, the tendency is to use ethylene-methylacrylate or silicone. When low fuel permeability is required, ECO is used; it may also be used in the cover, since it is inherently ozone resistant. The ultimate in combined fuel, oil, and heat resistance is afforded by fluoroelastomers, the use of which is increasing, where hose service requirements are particularly severe, despite their higher cost.

Desk-Top Publishing: Current Approaches and Future Trends

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
George Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
High Quality ◽  
External Function ◽  
Readable Form ◽  
Single User ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Machine Readable Form

In order to assess future trends in desk-top publishing (DTP), it is necessary to understand the problems encountered in today's solutions. The environment addressed by this paper is the single-user interactive workstation for a business, technical or publishing professional. A local or shared low-cost printer is assumed. High-quality and high-volume printing is treated as a remote or an external function to which a document can be transferred in machine-readable form.

scholarly journals A rapid, accurate, scalable, and portable testing system for COVID-19 diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanhua Xun ◽  
Stephan Thomas Lane ◽  
Vassily Andrew Petrov ◽  
Brandon Elliott Pepa ◽  
Huimin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Sequence Detection ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Speed Accuracy

AbstractThe need for rapid, accurate, and scalable testing systems for COVID-19 diagnosis is clear and urgent. Here, we report a rapid Scalable and Portable Testing (SPOT) system consisting of a rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate assay and a battery-powered portable device for COVID-19 diagnosis. The SPOT assay comprises a one-pot reverse transcriptase-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) followed by PfAgo-based target sequence detection. It is capable of detecting the N gene and E gene in a multiplexed reaction with the limit of detection (LoD) of 0.44 copies/μL and 1.09 copies/μL, respectively, in SARS-CoV-2 virus-spiked saliva samples within 30 min. Moreover, the SPOT system is used to analyze 104 clinical saliva samples and identified 28/30 (93.3% sensitivity) SARS-CoV-2 positive samples (100% sensitivity if LoD is considered) and 73/74 (98.6% specificity) SARS-CoV-2 negative samples. This combination of speed, accuracy, sensitivity, and portability will enable high-volume, low-cost access to areas in need of urgent COVID-19 testing capabilities.

Plastic Encapsulated MCM Technology for High Volume, Low Cost Electronics

Circuit World ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fillion ◽  
R. Wojnarowski ◽  
T. Gorcyzca ◽  
E. Wildi ◽  
H. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Volume

scholarly journals A modular protein subunit vaccine candidate produced in yeast confers protection against SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil C Dalvie ◽  
Lisa H Tostanoski ◽  
Sergio A Rodriguez-Aponte ◽  
Kawaljit Kaur ◽  
Sakshi Bajoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Middle Income

Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been distributed at massive scale in developed countries, and have been effective at preventing COVID-19. Access to vaccines is limited, however, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to insufficient supply, high costs, and cold storage requirements. New vaccines that can be produced in existing manufacturing facilities in LMICs, can be manufactured at low cost, and use widely available, proven, safe adjuvants like alum, would improve global immunity against SARS-CoV-2. One such protein subunit vaccine is produced by the Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. and is currently in clinical testing. Two protein components, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and hepatitis B surface antigen virus-like particles (VLPs), are each produced in yeast, which would enable a low-cost, high-volume manufacturing process. Here, we describe the design and preclinical testing of the RBD-VLP vaccine in cynomolgus macaques. We observed titers of neutralizing antibodies (>104) above the range of protection for other licensed vaccines in non-human primates. Interestingly, addition of a second adjuvant (CpG1018) appeared to improve the cellular response while reducing the humoral response. We challenged animals with SARS-CoV-2, and observed a ~3.4 and ~2.9 log10 reduction in median viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal mucosa, respectively, compared to sham controls. These results inform the design and formulation of current clinical COVID-19 vaccine candidates like the one described here, and future designs of RBD-based vaccines against variants of SARS-CoV-2 or other betacoronaviruses.

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