Jet Fuel Thermal Stability Additives - Electrical Conductivity and Interactions with Static Dissipator Additive

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer E. Taylor ◽  
David R. Forester ◽  
Bharat B. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Jet Fuel

scholarly journals Enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical properties in thermally stable fine-grained copper wire

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhong Mao ◽  
Yusheng Zhang ◽  
Yazhou Guo ◽  
Yonghao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dislocation Slip ◽  
Ultrafine Grains ◽  
The Wire

AbstractThe rapid development of high-speed rail requires copper contact wire that simultaneously possesses excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, these are generally mutually exclusive properties. Here, we demonstrate directional optimization of microstructure and overcome the strength-conductivity tradeoff in copper wire. We use rotary swaging to prepare copper wire with a fiber texture and long ultrafine grains aligned along the wire axis. The wire exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 97% of the international annealed copper standard (IACS), a yield strength of over 450 MPa, high impact and wear resistances, and thermal stability of up to 573 K for 1 h. Subsequent annealing enhances the conductivity to 103 % of IACS while maintaining a yield strength above 380 MPa. The long grains provide a channel for free electrons, while the low-angle grain boundaries between ultrafine grains block dislocation slip and crack propagation, and lower the ability for boundary migration.

JP-8+100: The Development of High-Thermal-Stability Jet Fuel

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Heneghan ◽  
S. Zabarnick ◽  
D. R. Ballal ◽  
W. E. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
High Thermal Stability ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Additive Package ◽  
Primary Coolant ◽  
Free Radical Theory ◽  
Radical Theory ◽  
Current Availability ◽  
Strategic Factors

Jet fuel requirements have evolved over the years as a balance of the demands placed by advanced aircraft performance (technological need), fuel cost (economic factors), and fuel availability (strategic factors). In a modern aircraft, the jet fuel not only provides the propulsive energy for flight, but also is the primary coolant for aircraft and engine subsystems. To meet the evolving challenge of improving the cooling potential of jet fuel while maintaining the current availability at a minimal price increase, the U.S. Air Force, industry, and academia have teamed to develop an additive package for JP-8 fuels. This paper describes the development of an additive package for JP-8, to produce “JP-8+100.” This new fuel offers a 55°C (100°F) increase in the bulk maximum temperature (from 325°F to 425°F) and improves the heat sink capability by 50 percent. Major advances made during the development of JP-8+100 fuel include the development of several new quantitative fuel analysis tests, a free radical theory of autooxidation, adaptation of new chemistry models to computational fluid dynamics programs, and a nonparametric statistical analysis to evaluate thermal stability. Hundreds of additives were tested for effectiveness, and a package of additives was then formulated for JP-8 fuel. This package has been tested for fuel system materials compatibility and general fuel applicability. To date, the flight testing has shown an improvement in thermal stability of JP-8 fuel. This improvement has resulted in a significant reduction in fuel-related maintenance costs and a threefold increase in mean time between fuel-related failures. In this manner, a novel high-thermal-stability jet fuel for the 21st century has been successfully developed.

Electro-conductively deposited carbon fibers for power controllable heating elements

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (34) ◽  
pp. 26998-27002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hyo Kim ◽  
Moo Sung Kim ◽  
Yoong Ahm Kim ◽  
Kap Seung Yang ◽  
Seung Jo Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability

Carbon fibers are considered as one of the promising heating elements in various industrial applications because of their excellent thermal stability and electrical conductivity.

JP-8+100 - The development of high thermal stability jet fuel

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Heneghan ◽  
S. Zabarnick ◽  
D. Ballal ◽  
W. Harrison, III
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
High Thermal Stability

Fabrication of Polyaniline–La2O3 Composite Nanofibers Showing Effective Control of Morphology, Electrical Conductivity, and Thermal Stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman Khan ◽  
Nurfarahhana Binti Daud ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hussain Chowdhury ◽  
Wan Ahmad Kamil Mahmood ◽  
Hisatoshi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Effective Control

Bacterial cellulose as a carbon nano-fiber precursor: Enhancement of thermal stability and electrical conductivity

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3408-3426
Author(s):  
Fateme Rezaei ◽  
Rabi Behrooz ◽  
Shahram Arbab ◽  
Ehsanollah Nosratian Sabet
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Stabilization Process ◽  
Nanofiber Sheets

Bacterial cellulose was selected as a potential precursor for the production of carbon nanofiber because of its high purity and crystallinity. Diammonium phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as a flame retardant was used to impregnate the cellulosic nanofiber sheet precursor in order to increase its thermal stability during the thermal processing. Also, the effect of heating rate on the stabilization and carbonization processes of cellulosic nanofiber samples was investigated. The precursor and resulted carbon nanofiber sheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and electrical characteristics. The results showed that the simultaneous usage of flame retardant (diammonium phosphate) and low heating rate in the stabilization process (2 °C min-1) increases thermal stability of cellulosic nanofiber sheets and the carbon yield. The presence of a flame retardant acts like a low heating rate effect but does not significantly affect the high heating rate of the stabilization process. As carbonization temperature increased, electrical conductivity and crystallite size were increased for impregnated samples. The carbonization process at 1200 °C, with a heating rate of 2 °C min-1, makes bacterial cellulose precursor an appropriate candidate for producing carbon nanofiber sheets with proper electrical characteristics.

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