scholarly journals Investigation of the Hyperfine Structure of Atomic Niobium (Nb I) Spectral Lines Based on the Lower Energy Levels at 22936, 23010, and 23048 cm<sup>-1</sup>

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Windholz ◽  
S. Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Hyperfine Structure ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Spectral Lines

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Hyperfine Structure of Neutral Praseodymium Spectral Lines and Discovery of New Energy Levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Khan ◽  
Imran Siddiqui ◽  
Syed Tanweer Iqbal ◽  
Zaheer Uddin ◽  
G. H. Guthöhrlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Hyperfine Structure ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Angular Momenta ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrum

Experimental investigations of Pr I spectral lines were performed by means of laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy, using a hollow cathode discharge lamp as source of free atoms. The wavelengths for the laser excitation were found by the help of a highly resolved Fourier transform spectrum. Altogether we excited 236 unclassified lines and analysed their hyperfine structure, which led, together with the measured wavelengths of the observed fluorescence lines, to the discovery of 32 new even parity and 38 odd parity fine structure energy levels. These levels allow to classify more than 670 spectral lines of Pr I. The wave number calibrated Fourier transform spectrum allowed us to determine the energies of most of these newly discovered levels with an uncertainty of 0.015 cm-1. Angular momenta, parity, and magnetic and electric hyperfine interaction constants (A and B) of the new levels were also determined.

scholarly journals The Prime Beat Components Extraction Method for the Time Spectra Analysis of Nuclear Resonant Forward Scattering

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Tang Li ◽  
Xiaowei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hyperfine Structure ◽  
Fourier Transformation ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Forward Scattering ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Quantum Beats ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Resonant Forward Scattering

Spectra of quantum beats (QBs) of nuclear resonant forward scattering contain the interference information of all allowed energy transitions of a nucleus, which makes it complicated to extract hyperfine structure directly. Here, we propose a new method, based upon the extraction of prime beat components, to understand QBs. In this method, the origin of major spectral lines in the Fourier Transformation of QBs is studied, and the energy levels of hyperfine structure are obtained directly from the QBs. We applied this method to the temperature dependent QBs of hematite. The Morin temperature and hyperfine structure obtained by this method are in consistent with that by conventional Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). It serves to interpret the components of QBs of nuclear resonant forward scattering as simple as the conventional (MS).

507 Clinical Impression of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) at initial Sleep Medicine (SM) consultation and its clinical correlates

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A199-A200
Author(s):  
Leon Rosenthal ◽  
Raúl Aguilar Roblero
Keyword(s):  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cardinal Symptom

Abstract Introduction EDS represents a cardinal symptom in SM. Use of subjective scales are prevalent, which have a modest correlation with the MSLT. While the Clinical Global Impression has been used in research, reports of clinical impression (CI) in medical practice are lacking. We report on the CI of EDS in a convenience sample of patients undergoing initial consultation. Methods Patients reported primary, secondary symptoms and completed the Sleep Wake Activity Inventory (SWAI) prior to Tele-Medicine consultation. A SM physician completed the assessment which included ascertainment of CI of EDS (presence S+ / absence S-). Results There were 39 ♂and 13 ♀. The CI identified 26 patients in each group (S+/S-). Age (52 [14]), BMI (33 [7]), reported time in bed, sleep time, sleep onset latency and # of awakenings did not differ. All identified a primary symptom (S-: 21, S+: 19 reported snoring or a previous Dx of OSA). Sleepiness as a 1ry or 2ry symptom was identified by 0 in the S- and by 13 in the S+ groups. Refreshing quality of sleep differed (χ2 &lt;0.05): un-refreshing sleep was reported by 7 (S-) and by 13 (S+). Naps/week: 0.7 [1.5] and 1.57 [1.5] for the S-, S+ groups respectively (p&lt;0.05). A main effect (p&lt;0.01) was documented on the SWAI. We report on the Sleepiness [SS] and Energy Level [EL] scales (lower scores on the SS reflect higher sleepiness while lower scores on EL denote higher energy). Higher sleepiness (p&lt;0.01) 43 [12] and lower energy levels 24 [6] (p&lt;0.05) were documented on the S+ group (S- 61 [17], and 18 [6] respectively). Available spouse’s Epworth score on 29 patients: S- patients 5.8 [4] and S+ 10.2 [6] (p&lt;0.05). Dx of OSA was identified among all but 1 in the S+ group. Also, Insomnia was diagnosed among 11 (S-) and 19 (S+) patients (p&lt;0.05) despite only 3 and 7 (respectively) identifying it as a presenting symptom. Conclusion While snoring or previous Dx of OSA were prevalent motivations for consultation, sleepiness and insomnia were clinically relevant among a substantial number of patients. Unrefreshing sleep, daytime naps, lower energy, and higher sleepiness were ubiquitous among S+ patients. Support (if any):

RESPONSE OF EARLY WEANED PIGS TO DIETS OF DIFFERENT DIGESTIBLE ENERGY CONCENTRATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF CEREAL SOURCE AND ADDED MOLASSES ON PERFORMANCE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. O’GRADY ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Very High

One hundred and sixty pigs weaned at 2 weeks were allotted at an average initial weight of 3.8 kg to two experiments to examine the effects of diets based on barley or wheat as the cereal component and having digestible energy (DE) concentrations ranging from 2.8 to 3.6 Mcal/kg. Protein was in constant ratio to DE (15.2 kcal DE/g protein). Very high mortality was experienced on the lower energy levels, although the inclusion of 5% molasses in the formulation reduced mortality. Among surviving pigs, growth rate was significantly reduced at lower energy concentrations. The optimum DE level for maximum gain was 3.2 Mcal in the first experiment and 3.4 Mcal/kg in the second. The efficiency of utilization of DE for growth was best at a DE concentration of 3.2 Mcal/kg in the first experiment but did not vary in the second. Digestibility of dietary protein increased with increasing dietary DE but nitrogen (N) retention as percentage of N intake or of digestible N was not significantly influenced by DE in the diet.

scholarly journals Study of opacity broadening in spectral lines for helium like ions in aluminum plasma which produced by laser

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Spectral Line ◽  
Quantum Number ◽  
Plasma Density ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Aluminum Plasma

A theoretical analysis studied was performed to study the opacity broadening of spectral lines emitted from aluminum plasma produced by Nd-YLF laser. The plasma density was in the range 1028-1026 )) m-3 with length of plasma about ?300) m) , the opacity was studied as function of plasma density & principle quantum number. The results show that the opacity broadening increases as plasma density increases & decreases with the spacing between energy levels of emission spectral line.

scholarly journals The effect on rats of practical diets containing different protein and energy levels

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Ford ◽  
R. J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Consequent Increase ◽  
Different Levels

Rats of 3 strains were fed diets of natural ingredients in 4 different laboratories. The diets contained different levels of protein and energy within ranges comparable to those found in existing laboratory diets. Energy level over the range examined appeared to exert greatest influence on bodyweight gain, but had no effect on food intake. The diet with the highest amino acid content was consumed in smaller amounts than the other diets. Food utilization was less efficient in the lower energy diets. Fat deposition was reduced in animals fed the lowest energy diet. It is concluded that energy level of the diet exerts an effect on the rate of bodyweight gain in rats, but that for longer-term studies a reduced energy level may be beneficial by leading to smaller fat deposits with consequent increase in longevity.

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