scholarly journals Prevalence of porcine circovirus 2 and virus-specific antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Slovakia

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 386-388
Author(s):  
K. BHIDE ◽  
T. CSANK ◽  
J. PISTL ◽  
J. CIBEREJ
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2

scholarly journals Free to Circulate: An Update on the Epidemiological Dynamics of Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) in Italy Reveals the Role of Local Spreading, Wild Populations, and Foreign Countries

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Franzo ◽  
Susanna Tinello ◽  
Laura Grassi ◽  
Claudia Maria Tucciarone ◽  
Matteo Legnardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Spread Dynamics

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) is one of the most impactful and widespread pathogens of the modern swine industry. Unlike other DNA viruses, PCV-2 is featured by a remarkable genetic variability, which has led to the emergence and recognition of different genotypes, some of which (PCV-2a, 2b, and 2d) have alternated over time. Currently, PCV-2d is considered the most prevalent genotype, and some evidence of differential virulence and vaccine efficacy have been reported. Despite the potential practical relevance, the data on PCV-2 epidemiology in Italy are quite outdated and do not quantify the actual circulation of this genotype in Italy. In the present study, 82 complete ORF2 sequences were obtained from domestic pigs and wild boars sampled in Northern Italy in the period 2013–2018 and merged with those previously obtained from Italy and other countries. A combination of phylogenetic, haplotype network, and phylodynamic analyses were used to genotype the collected strains and evaluate the temporal trend and the spatial and host spread dynamics. A rising number of PCV-2d detections was observed in domestic pigs, particularly since 2013, reaching a detection frequency comparable to PCV-2b. A similar picture was observed in wild boars, although a lower sequence number was available. Overall, the present study demonstrates the extreme complexity of PCV-2 molecular epidemiology in Italy, the significant spread across different regions, the recurrent introduction from foreign countries, and the frequent occurrence of recombination events. Although a higher viral flux occurred from domestic to wild populations than vice versa, wild boars seem to maintain PCV-2 infection and spread it over relatively long distances.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical and ultra-structural detection ofPneumocystisin wild boars (Sus scrofa) co-infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in Southern Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Riegert Borba ◽  
Edna Maria Cavallini Sanches ◽  
André Mendes Ribeiro Corrêa ◽  
Andréia Spanamberg ◽  
Juliano de Souza Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Wild Boars

scholarly journals Serological survey of porcine circovirus 2 antibodies in Northeastern Brazil by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Priscila Rocha Duque ◽  
Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva ◽  
Marconi Rego Barros Júnior ◽  
Andreza Maria Tenório Sergio ◽  
Clara Nilce Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Antibody Titers

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) specific antibodies were evaluated in pigs at 15 to 25 weeks of age by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. Serum samples (n = 575) were obtained from 16 commercial farms located in six states of northeastern Brazil, including two in Ceará (n = 85), three in Rio Grande do Norte (n = 92), two in Paraíba (n = 49), three in Pernambuco (n = 107), two in Alagoas (n = 39), and four in Bahia (n = 203). Out of the 575 evaluated sera, 470 (81.74%) were reagents with antibody titers ranging from 20 to 5,120. All farms presented reactive animals. There was a statistically significant difference in reactivity proportions between the states of Bahia and Ceará (p < 0.05) and between Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte (p < 0.05). This study provides the first serological investigation for PCV2 in pigs from commercial farms in Northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Porcine circovirus 2 and 3 in wild boars in Southern Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Dal Santo ◽  
Leticia Trevisan Gressler ◽  
Samay Zillmann Rocha Costa ◽  
João Rogério Centenaro ◽  
Isabella Mazzocato Dazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Swine Pathogen ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Lung Lymph

ABSTRACT: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) has a considerable economic impact on the pork industry worldwide for more than two decades. In 2016, a new circovirus, porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), was described; since then, it has been reported to be associated with diseased or even in clinically healthy swine in several countries. Considering the importance of wild boars as reservoirs of swine pathogens and the extensive distribution of these animals in Rio Grande do Sul and throughout the national territory, we searched for PCV2 and PCV3 in twenty-six wild boars coupled with necropsy and histologic examination of the sampled animals. Using PCR, 182 tissue samples were analyzed, including the heart, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. PCV2 and PCV3 were detected in 57.7% (15/26) and 15.4% (4/26) of wild boars, respectively. Furthermore, co-infection with PCV2 and PCV3 was detected in one of these animals, with PCV2 or PCV3 DNA detection in multiple organs. Histological examination showed mild to moderate and multifocal lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis distributed randomly throughout the renal cortex, apparently unrelated to PCV2 or PCV3 detection. The wild boar population in Brazil is extensive, indicating the presence of a larger number of swine pathogen hosts. In the present study, more than half of the wild boars harbored PCV2; and although less frequently, PCV3 was also detected. Therefore, free-living wild boars can serve as reservoirs of swine circoviruses in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS 2 ISOLATES FROM THE FIRST CASES OF POSTWEANING MULTISYSTEMIC AND WASTING SYNDROME IN WILD BOARS IN GREECE

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sofia ◽  
Charalambos Billinis ◽  
Vassilios Psychas ◽  
Periklis Birtsas ◽  
George Sofianidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2

scholarly journals Serologic survey of wild boars for mosquito-borne viruses in South Moravia (Czech Republic)

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Halouzka ◽  
Z. Juricova ◽  
J. Jankova ◽  
Z. Hubalek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
The Past ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
South Moravia

A serosurvey for mosquito-borne viruses was carried out in 93 wild boars (<I>Sus scrofa</I>), using a plaque-reduction neutralization microtest with Vero cells. The boars were sampled on 24 hunting grounds of the Breclav district (South Moravia) from 2000 to 2002. Specific antibodies to <I>Flavivirus</I> West Nile (WNV) were detected in six (6.5%) animals, and only in Lanzhot and Kostice, i.e., in the area of the “Soutok” game reserve where WNV was previously isolated from mosquitoes in South Moravia. However, the antibody titres were comparatively low (1:20–1:40). A substantially higher seroprevalence was revealed against <I>Orthobunyavirus</I> Tahyna (TAHV): 18 (19.4%) wild boars were positive, and the titres ranged from 1:20 up to 1:640. Only one animal (1.1%) seroreacted with <I>Orthobunyavirus</I> Batai (Calovo), at a low titre of 1:20. The sera were additionally examined by a haemagglutination-inhibition test against <I>Alphavirus</I> Sindbis: two boars (2.2%) revealed antibodies, the titres were 1:20 and 1:80. The serosurvey indicates that the activity of mosquito-borne viruses in South Moravia has decreased compared with the past decades, but that surveillance for these viruses is still necessary.

scholarly journals Comparison of Three Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to Detect Porcine Circovirus-2 (PCV-2)—Specific Antibodies after Vaccination or Inoculation of Pigs with Distinct PCV-1 or PCV-2 Isolates

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby R. Patterson ◽  
John Johnson ◽  
Sheela Ramamoorthy ◽  
Xiang-Jin Meng ◽  
Patrick G. Halbur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Immunosorbent Assays ◽  
Negative Controls

Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) serology is frequently used to determine PCV-2 status and optimal timing of PCV-2 vaccination in the field. The objectives of the current study are to determine the diagnostic accuracy of 3 currently available commercial anti-immunoglobulin G (IgG) PCV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and to compare the ability of the 3 assays to detect and differentiate between anti—PCV-2a and anti—PCV-2b antibodies, as well as anti—PCV-2 and anti—PCV-1 antibodies. Fifty-five 3-week-old, conventional pigs were randomly allocated to 7 groups: 1) negative controls ( n = 7), 2) PCV-2a ( n = 8; inoculated with PCV-2 ISU-40895), 3) PCV-2b ( n = 8; inoculated with PCV-2 NC-16845), 4) PCV-1 ( n = 8), 5) vaccine A ( n = 8; Ingelvac® CircoFLEX™), 6) vaccine B ( n = 8; Circumvent® PCV2), and 7) vaccine C ( n = 8; Suvaxyn® PCV2 One Dose). Blood samples were collected weekly, and all sera were tested by 3 different anti-PCV-2 IgG ELISAs. The results indicated that all ELISAs had area under the receiver operating curve values greater than 0.94, detected both anti-PCV-2a and −2b antibodies with no differentiation, and did not detect anti-PCV-1 antibodies in infected animals. One of the ELISAs was able to distinguish pigs vaccinated with vaccine B from pigs inoculated with either PCV-2a or PCV-2b.

scholarly journals Exploratory field study on the effects of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) sow vaccination at different physiological stages mimicking blanket vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Pleguezuelos ◽  
Marina Sibila ◽  
Raúl Cuadrado ◽  
Rosa López-Jiménez ◽  
Diego Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2

Abstract Background The objective of the present study was to explore the benefits of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) blanket vaccination in a sow herd on productive parameters, PCV-2 infection and immune status in sows and their progeny. For this purpose, 288 sows were distributed among four balanced experimental groups. One group remained as negative control group and the other three received 1 mL of PCV-2 Ingelvac Circoflex® intramuscularly at different productive cycle moments: before mating, mid gestation (42–49 days post-insemination) or late gestation (86–93 days post-insemination); phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was used as negative control item. Reproductive parameters from sows during gestation and body weight of their progeny from birth to weaning were recorded. Additionally, blood was collected from sows at each vaccination time and piglets at 3 weeks of age. Moreover, up to 4 placental umbilical cords (PUC) per sow were taken at peri-partum. Sera from sows and piglets were analysed for PCV-2 antibody detection using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from sows and PUC were tested to quantify viraemia using a real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Results Globally, results indicated that vaccinated sows showed heavier piglets at birth and at weaning, less cross-fostered piglets, lower viral load at farrowing as well as in PUC, and higher antibody levels at farrowing, compared to non-vaccinated ones. When all groups were compared among them, sows vaccinated at mid or late gestation had heavier piglets at birth than non-vaccinated sows, and lower proportion of PCV-2 positive PUC. Also, cross-fostering was less frequently practiced in sows vaccinated at pre-mating or mid gestation compared to non-vaccinated ones. Conclusions In conclusion, the present study points out that PCV-2 sow vaccination at different time points of their physiological status (mimicking blanket vaccination) offers benefits at production and serological and virological levels.

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