Differential performance of pinto bean under varying levels of soil moisture

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Nleya ◽  
A. E. Slinkard ◽  
A. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
New Crop

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a relatively new crop in western Canada. Considerable effort is currently underway in Saskatchewan to expand bean production under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of pinto bean genotypes under irrigation in the field and to determine the presence of phenological plasticity among specific pinto bean genotypes when subjected to intermittent drought stress. Six bean genotypes, three determinate and three indeterminate, were grown under irrigated conditions in the field in Saskatoon, SK, in 1994 and 1995. The same genotypes were grown under well-watered and drought stress conditions in the growth room. In the field, indeterminate genotypes were superior in seed yield. The indeterminate genotypes were also superior in seed yield in the growth room under well-watered conditions. Two indeterminate genotypes and one late-maturing determinate genotype performed well when drought stress was intermittent, but yielded the same or less than the early-maturing determinate types when drought stress was severe. The indeterminate genotypes and one late-maturing determinate genotype showed stronger recuperative growth than early-maturing determinate genotypes when released from drought stress. Recuperative growth resulted in delayed maturity relative to growth under optimum soil moisture levels, but it had little effect on other characteristics. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, common bean, pinto bean, genotype, drought stress

scholarly journals Comparison of mass, F2-derived family, and single-seed-descent selection methods in an interracial population of common bean

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Shree P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Set Design ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Knowledge of comparative effectiveness of different selection methods is necessary for identification of superior genotypes, efficient management of populations, and use of available resources. Mass, F2-derived-family, and single-seed-descent (SSD) selection methods were compared in an interracial population (ICA Pijao × Pinto UI 114) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The F2-derived-family method involved elimination of low-yielding F2-derived families in replicated yield trials in F4, F5 and F6. Thirty-two random lines derived from each method and the two parents were evaluated in a replicates-in-set design in two contrasting environments in Colombia in 1992. Mean seed yield of lines derived from the SSD method was significantly lower than yields obtained from the other two methods. Mean yield of lines derived from the pedigree method was the highest, indicating that even a low intensity of selection for yield among F2-derived families was effective. The F2-derived-family method also retained a comparatively higher proportion of lines with lighter-colored medium-sized seeds and indeterminate prostrate type III growth habit. Lines with darker and smaller seeds predominated in the mass and SSD methods. These two groups also had more erect type II lines than did the F2-derived family method. On average, the SSD gave early maturing and the mass method late maturing lines. No line from any method outyielded ICA Pijao, the high-yielding parent. Two lines from the F2-derived-family method, four lines from the mass method, and no lines from the SSD method significantly outyielded Pinto UI 114. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, selection methods, F2-derived family, seed yield

Improvement in photosynthesis, seed yield and protein content of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) by foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide under drought stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Mohammadi ◽  
Majid Pouryousef ◽  
Afshin Tavakoli ◽  
Ehsan Mohseni Fard
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Exogenous Application

Brassinosteroids (BRs), as a class of plant growth regulators, have been shown to affect different physiological traits of plants and counteract various stresses. We studied the possibility of increasing seed and protein yields of two genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with the exogenous application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in an experiment conducted during 2016 and 2017. Two levels of irrigation (optimal and drought stress) were applied to the main plots, and two genotypes of common bean (cv. Kusha and genotype COS16) and four concentrations of EBL (0, 2, 4 and 6 μm) were allocated to subplots in a factorial arrangement. At the flowering stage, drought stress was applied and bean plants were sprayed with EBL. The results indicate that drought stress reduced leaf area, yield components, seed yield and protein content. Moreover, substantial increase in intercellular CO2 concentration and decrease in transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were also recorded. However, exogenous application of EBL remarkably improved gas exchange attributes, leaf area, yield components, seed yield and protein content both under optimal irrigation and drought-stress conditions. Analysis of regression showed that, under both water-supply conditions, genotype COS16 would have highest seed yield when receiving 4.05 and 4.52 µm EBL, and cv. Kusha would have the highest seed yield by receiving 3.27 and 3.62 µm EBL. Therefore, EBL can be used as a plant growth regulator to enhance drought tolerance and minimise yield loss of common bean caused by water deficits.

Evaluation of determinate and indeterminate pinto bean cultivars under an available soil moisture gradient

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Nleya ◽  
A. E. Slinkard ◽  
A. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Soil Moisture Gradient ◽  
Available Soil Moisture

Determinate dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars are preferred under irrigation in western Canada. Expansion of dry bean production into dryland areas in western Canada requires re-evaluation of the best growth habit. The objective of this study was to compare determinate and indeterminate pinto bean cultivars for seed yield and other agronomic traits under a soil moisture gradient. Six pinto bean cultivars, three determinate and three indeterminate, were grown under an available soil moisture gradient in Saskatoon SK, Canada at one environment in 1993 and at two environments in 1994. An increase in available soil moisture, induced by growing rows of pinto bean plants at increasing distances from a spring-seeded winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) strip, increased number of pods per plant, plant height, seed weight, seed yield and seed nitrogen concentration for both determinate and indeterminate cultivars of pinto bean. Indeterminate cultivars, however, were taller and higher yielding than determinate cultivars at every level of soil moisture under these dryland conditions. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, dry bean, pinto bean, soil moisture, drought stress

Impact of soil moisture on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) phytochemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103883
Author(s):  
Mayra Denise Herrera ◽  
Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho ◽  
Valentín Melero-Meraz ◽  
Salvador H. Guzmán-Maldonado ◽  
Jorge A. Acosta-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

Arikara Yellow common bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Henning Mündel, David Gehl ◽  
Henry C. Huang ◽  
Robert L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
White Mould ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
Cultivar Description

Arikara Yellow is an early-maturing heritage bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with a tan-yellow seed belonging to the Canario mexicano (syn. Mantequilla) market class. It has a determinate bush type growth habit, with wide adaptation on the Canadian prairies. Arikara Yellow is resistant to white mould caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary and to three of four common races of anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.-Scrib. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, heritage bean, cultivar description

scholarly journals Evaluation of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for drought stress adaptation in Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwabena Darkwa ◽  
Daniel Ambachew ◽  
Hussein Mohammed ◽  
Asrat Asfaw ◽  
Matthew W. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Use of interracial hybridization in breeding the race Durango common bean

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
J. Ariel Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
High Level

Recently, interracial hybridization was used successfully in breeding common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), but its use has not been adequately documented. Approximately 125 lines with medium-sized seed were selected in the first cycle, mostly from race Durango × race Mesoamerica (both from the Middle American domestication center) single- and multiple-cross populations, for disease resistance and race Durango characteristics. Fifteen of these improved lines, three race Durango control cultivars, and one control cultivar each from races Jalisco and Mesoamerica were evaluated for 3 yr (1989–1991) at three locations in Colombia. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Lines were developed using visual mass selection for seed yield and/or resistance to diseases in F2 and F3, followed by single plant harvests in F4 or F5 and seed increases in F6 or F7. Lines resistant to bean common mosaic virus and possessing other desirable traits were yield-tested in F7 or F8. All but two lines outyielded Alteño and Flor de Mayo, the highest yielding control cultivars from races Durango and Jalisco, respectively. Two lines also outyielded Carioca, the race Mesoamerica control cultivar. Improved lines tended to possess higher yield per day. All lines were resistant to bean common mosaic virus and most lines also carried a high level of resistance to anthracnose. Plant, seed, and maturity characteristics of most improved lines were similar to those of race Durango control cultivars. These results support the use of interracial hybridization in improving race Durango common bean. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, race Durango, interracial populations, seed yield, disease resistance

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