Winter-hardiness trials of Vaccinium corymbosum L. in Nova Scotia

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Vander Kloet ◽  
K. B. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Mountain Plants

In order to assess cold tolerance in V. corymbosum L. in Nova Scotia, 336 even-aged seedlings from 21 locations (representing five different habitats and six eastern North American floristic regions) were set out at the Kentville Research Centre in 1978. Frost damage is largely restricted to Coastal Plain plants and to a lesser extent the Appalachian Mountain plants. Principal component analysis indicates that berry weight co-varies negatively with winter-kill and days from the anthesis until fruit ripening. Hardy plants that flower in early May also need the fewest days to produce ripe fruit. Among the 23 early flowering biotypes, six early fruiting biotypes were identified. Key words: Vaccinium corymbosum, highbush blueberries, frost tolerance, drought tolerance, early flowering and fruiting biotypes

scholarly journals Unique Organic Acid Profile of Rabbiteye vs. Highbush Blueberries

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ◽  
Filmore I. Meredith ◽  
James R. Ballington
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Organic Acid Profile ◽  
Citric Acid Content ◽  
Highbush Blueberries

The fruit of six highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars and eight rabbiteye (V. ashei Reade) cultivars and selections were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography for levels of the commonly found organic acids, citric, malic, succinic, and quinic. The two cultivar groups possessed distinctive patterns of relative organic acid proportions that could unambiguously separate pure rabbiteye and highbush clones in a principal component analysis. Highbush clones were characterized by high citric acid content, with percentages averaging 75% (range 38% to 90%). Succinic acid was the second most plentiful acid, averaging 17%. In contrast, rabbiteye cultivars and selections contained 10% citric acid, and no clone had >22%. Succinic acid and malic acid were found in greater quantities than in highbush, averaging 50% and 34%, respectively. Analysis of the fruit of seven albino-fruited highbush selections exhibited a profile similar to standard highbush cultivars, but with a citric acid average of <50%, and proportionally greater amounts of succinic and quinic acids. Given the differences in sensory quality of these four acids, it is likely that acid partitioning patterns can largely account for some of the perceived flavor differences between rabbiteye and highbush blueberries. Because several current breeding efforts involve hybridization between highbush and rabbiteye blueberries, a consideration of acid composition of breeding parents maybe worthwhile.

scholarly journals Changes in Anthocyanin and Antioxidant Contents during Maturation of Australian Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Joel B. Johnson ◽  
Michelle Steicke ◽  
Janice S. Mani ◽  
Shiwangni Rao ◽  
Scott Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Highbush Blueberries

The Australian blueberry industry is worth over $300 million, but there is limited information on factors influencing their chemical composition, particularly their ripeness and harvest stage. This pilot study investigated changes in total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC; measured using the pH-differential method) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC; measured with the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay) of four Australian highbush blueberry cultivars (Denise, Blue Rose, Brigitta and Bluecrop) at four time points and three maturity stages (unripe, moderately ripe and fully ripe). The TAC of most cultivars decreased by 8–18% during ripening, although that of the Blue Rose cultivar increased markedly. However, the TAC of ripe fruit from this cultivar also fluctuated markedly throughout the harvest season (between 1168–2171 mg Trolox equivalents 100 g−1). The TMAC increased sharply between the medium-ripe and fully ripe maturity stages, with the Blue Rose cultivar showing the highest TMAC values (211 mg 100 g−1, compared to 107–143 mg 100 g−1 for the remaining varieties). The TMAC of ripe fruit from this cultivar also rose steadily throughout the harvest season, in contrast to most other cultivars where the TMAC fell slightly over time. These results indicate that the levels of health-benefitting compounds in Australian-grown highbush blueberries may depend not only on the cultivar, but also upon the time of harvest.

scholarly journals Winter frost injury of buds on one-year-old grapevine shoots of Vitis vinifera cultivars and interspecific hybrids in Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Lisek
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Frost Injury ◽  
Vitis Labruscana ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
One Year

Winter frost injury of buds on one-year-old grapevine shoots ofVitis viniferacultivars and interspecific hybrids in PolandFollowing the winter of 2009/2010, an assessment of frost damage was carried out on the vines of 40 wine cultivars and 32 table grape cultivars grown in central Poland (Skierniewice, latitude 51° 57' N, longitude 20° 08' E). The minimum winter temperature of -28.1°C was recorded on 26 January 2010. Cultivars were assigned to five classes of different frost tolerance, according to information on the percentage of frozen buds: very resistant (below 1.9%), resistant (2 - 24.9%), medium susceptible (25 - 74.9%), susceptible (75 - 95.9%) and very susceptible (above 96%). The numbers of wine and table cultivars in each class were as follows: very resistant - 5 (wine) and 3 (table), resistant - 2 and 5, medium susceptible - 15 and 10, susceptible - 13 and 9 and very susceptible - 5 and 5. The most tolerant were the ‘Alwood’, ‘Delaware’, ‘Fredonia’ and ‘Zilga’ interspecific hybrids of theVitis labruscanagroup; the ‘Aurore’, ‘Marechal Foch’ and ‘Leon Millot’ hybrids originating fromV. vinifera, V. rupestris, V. ripariaandV. lincecumiiand ‘Sibera’ originating fromV. viniferaandV. amurensis.More than 96% of buds froze on the vines of some interspecific hybrids (‘Arkadia’, ‘Fanny’, ‘Kodrianka’ and ‘Lilla’). ‘Ortega’, ‘Nektar’, ‘Cserszegi Fueszeres’, ‘Riesling’ and ‘Chasselas Dore’ from theV. viniferacultivars showed the best tolerance to frost damage (42.5-62% of frozen buds). The buds of theV. viniferacultivars ‘Acolon’, ‘Dakapo’ and ‘Favorit’ all froze. Plant parts covered with soil and snow were not exposed to significant damage, even in the case of susceptible cultivars.

scholarly journals ANTHOCYANIN AND ANTHOCYANIDIN CONTENT OF HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRIES CULTIVATED IN BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JÚLIA RIBEIRO SARKIS ◽  
ISABEL CRISTINA TESSARO ◽  
LIGIA DAMASCENO FERREIRA MAECZAK
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Fresh Pulp

The objective of this study was to apply a HPLC methodology for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the six anthocyanidins present in fruits and to analyze the anthocyanin and anthocyanidin content of blueberries cultivated in Southern Brazil. The samples used belong to highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) cultivars. Total anthocyanin content was determined by the pH differential method and an HPLC gradient elution system with C18 column and UV-Vis detection at 520 nm were used for separation and quantification of the anthocyanidins. Total anthocyanin content was of 128 ± 3 mg per 100 g of fresh pulp. Blueberry pulp presented 55 % of delphinidin, 8 % of cyanidin, 3 % of peonidin and 34 % of malvidin. Pelargonidin was not identified in the sample and petunidin was below the limits of quantification. The results were similar to those reported in studies using North American and European blueberries.

scholarly journals Sustainable Fertilizer Strategies for Vaccinium corymbosum x V. angustifolium under Abandoned Peatland Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Angela Koort ◽  
Marge Starast ◽  
Priit Põldma ◽  
Ulvi Moor ◽  
Leila Mainla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Carbon Reduction

Revegetating abandoned peatlands plays an important role in reducing the CO2 footprint. One possibility for carbon reduction is cultivating blueberries as calcifuge plants in acidic peat soil. The aim of the experiment was to find out the effect of different fertilizers on half-highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Northblue’ growth and biochemical parameters in peatland conditions. The experiment was carried out in 2011–2015 with four organic and one mineral fertilizer, where three were composted chicken manure- and one maltose-based organic fertilizer. The soil of the experimental area belongs to the soil subgroup Fibri–Dystric Histosol with the peat layer 1.0–1.5 m deep. Organic fertilizer 4–1–2, which contained seaweed but had low phosphorus and potassium content, resulted in high yields in 2011 and 2013, with similar vegetative growth and comparable biochemical parameters as mineral fertilizer 6–14–23. The principal component analysis showed that the experimental year was more important in determining fruit parameters than the fertilizer type. However, our results indicated that the organic fertilizers are alternatives to mineral fertilizer for organic production.

scholarly journals Flowering During January in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Garbary ◽  
Barry R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense

Over 85 records of 23 species of blooming, herbaceous angiosperms were made at 19 sites in Antigonish County between 7 and 21 January 2006, when daytime temperatures reached 15°C. These observations followed an unusually warm fall and early winter. All species were observed on waste ground or in fields and garden plots, except for Epigaea repens L. which was part of ground vegetation in a sparsely wooded site. The primary families represented were Asteraceae (six species), Brassicaceae (six species) and Carophyllaceae (four species). The most commonly observed plants were Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber (11 sites), Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (nine sites), Thlaspi arvense L. (three sites) and Stellaria media (L.) Vill. (four sites). Many plants and inflorescences were conspicuously frost-damaged, and flowers were rarely fully open. In several species, e.g., T. arvense and Cerastium vulgatum L., many individual plants looked normal and there was no evidence of frost damage. These observations are the latest flowering records for Nova Scotia.

Heritability of frost tolerance in white clover (Trifolium repens)

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Caradus ◽  
A. C. Mackay ◽  
J. Van Den Bosch ◽  
S. Wewala ◽  
D. H. Greer
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
High Selection

SUMMARYWhite clover genotypes selected for frost tolerance and susceptibility were pair-crossed in various combinations with unselected genotypes of Grasslands Huia. Progeny lines and parent genotypes were artificially frosted at −8°C and scored for percentage of leaves damaged. Progeny from crosses between frost-tolerant genotypes were less damaged by frost than progeny from crosses involving either susceptible genotypes or unselected Grasslands Huia genotypes. Heritability estimates for frost tolerance or susceptibility were high, ranging from 0·75 to 0·93, depending on method of calculation. Removal of leaf-size effects from scores of frost damage reduced heritability estimates to 0·54–0·73. It was concluded that, because heritability for frost tolerance was high, selection for this character and incorporation of frost tolerance into agronomically suitable but frost-sensitive cultivars by breeding would be successful.

Plant attributes leading to persistence in grazed annual medics (Medicago spp.) growing in rotation with wheat

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Short Internodes ◽  
Annual Medics ◽  
Sun Light

Attributes of 84 accessions of 12 medics (Medicago spp.) were measured in nursery rows in two successive years. Multiple regression, principal component, and cluster analyses were used to relate 14 attributes of the medics to persistence in the seed bank of grazed pasture growing in rotation with wheat. Principal component analysis distinguished between the attributes of the species. For example, M. rigidula had short petioles, high frost tolerance, many seeds per pod, and large leaves and seeds; while M. polymorpha had long petioles, low frost tolerance, few seeds per pod, and small seeds and leaves. M. noeana produced many flowers per raceme, small pods and seeds, long peduncles, and was hard-seeded and late flowering; while M. aculeata produced few flowers per raceme, large pods and seeds, short peduncles, and was soft-seeded and early flowering. M. trulncatula and M. rotata were intermediate. Long peduncles and high levels of hardseededness were the attributes most closely associated with persistence of the medics in grazed pasture. It was concluded that (1) long peduncles place the flowers above the canopy in spring where they are in full sun light, and (2) hardseededness levels of up to 90% protect seeds against germination in the cereal year. The results also suggest that small leaves and short internodes and petioles protect young plants against over-grazing in winter, and small pods and seeds are less likely than large pods and seeds to be selected and digested by grazing sheep in summer.

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