Polymer seed coating of early- and late-fall-seeded herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
J. T. O’Donovan ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
L. Dosdall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant ◽  
Early Fall

Polymer seed coatings offer an opportunity to fall seed Brassica napus earlier in October, thus avoiding difficult seeding conditions (wet/frozen soils) common in late October or early November. A multi-year field experiment was conducted at four locations in Alberta, Canada, to investigate the effect of early (mid-October) and late fall (late October-early November) canola seeding with and without a germination-inhibiting polymer seed coat. Yield and yield components were determined in glufosinate (hybrid and open-pollinated), glyphosate (open-pollinated), and imidazolinone (open-pollinated) herbicidetolerant canola cultivars. Early-seeded canola without the polymer coat had a reduced plant density of 58% compared to late-fall-seeded canola. Application of the polymer coat on early-seeded canola increased plant density by 80% compared to uncoated seed. Seed yield and dockage were not affected by seeding date when a polymer seed coating was used. Without the polymer seed coat, canola yield was reduced 42% and dockage increased 6% when seeding occurred in early vs. late fall. Increased pod production from early-fall-seeded uncoated canola compared to other seeding dates could only partially compensate for canola yield. Cultivar interactions generally were not agronomically important. The use of polymer seed coatings with all these herbicide-tolerant cultivars will allow producers to seed earlier in fall, rather than waiting for cooler soil conditions in late fall. Key words: Canola (Brassica napus L.), dormant seeding, polymer seed coating

scholarly journals Fall and spring seeding date effects on herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
J. T. O’Donovan ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
L. M. Dosdall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant ◽  
Root Maggot ◽  
Crops Yield

More flexible and effective weed control with herbicide-tolerant B. napus canola allows for additional seeding management options, such as fall (dormant) and early spring (ES) seeding. Field experiments were conducted at Lacombe and Beaverlodge (1999–2001), Didsbury (1999–2000), and Lethbridge (2000–2001), Alberta, Canada, primarily to evaluate the effect of fall (late October-November), ES (late April-early May), and normal spring (NS) (ca. mid-May) seeding dates on glufosinate-, glyphosate-, and imidazolinone-tolerant canola development and yield. Fall seeding resulted in 46% lower plant density and nearly double the dockage than spring seeding. ES-seeded canola had 19% higher seed yield and 2.1% higher oil content than fall-seeded canola. ES seeding significantly increased yield compared to fall-seeded canola for 8 of 10 site -years or compared to NS seeding for 4 of 10 site-years; ES-seeded canola equalled the yield of NS-seeded canola for 6 of 10 site-years. Yield response to seeding date did not differ among herbicide-tolerant cultivars. Seeding date did not influence root maggot damage. Seeding canola as soon as possible in spring increases the likelihood of optimizing canola yield and quality compared to fall seeding and traditional spring seeding dates. Key words: Dormant seeding, seeding management, root maggot, herbicide-resistant crops, yield components, operational diversity

Alternative seeding dates (fall and April) affect Brassica napus canola yield and quality

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken J. Kirkland ◽  
Eric N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant

Brassica napus L. canola production on the Canadian prairies often is limited by hot, dry growing conditions in early July and a short growing season. Brassica napus canola seeded in the fall just prior to freeze-up or in the early spring as soon as fields are passable may allow canola to avoid these adverse conditions. Our objective was to determine if late October (fall), or mid- to late April (April) seeding dates improve canola yield and quality relative to a mid-May (15 to 20 May) seeding date. Plant density and height, phenological development, seed yield, seed weight and seed oil content were assessed in plots sown to herbicide-tolerant B. napus canola at three seeding dates on five fallow sites and three stubble sites at Scott, SK, from 1994 to 1998. A thinner plant stand occurred for the fall compared with spring seeding dates; however, this difference rarely corresponded with less canola yield. Fifty percent flowering occurred 20 d earlier (June rather than July), reproductive growth (50% flowering to maturity) was 10 d longer, plants were 23 (fall) or 8 (April) cm shorter, and maturity occurred 13 d earlier when canola was seeded in the fall and April compared with mid-May seeding. Canola seed yield was 38% greater when seeded on the alternative dates rather than the more traditional mid-May seeding date. The yield advantage for alternative seeding dates was greater and more consistent on stubble than on fallow likely because of lack of soil crusting and temperature and wind protection from stubble. The response of seed weight to seeding date was similar to that for seed yield, indicating that a portion of the positive yield response to alternative seeding dates was associated with larger seed size. Oil content also was greater for the fall and April compared with mid-May seeding dates, but the improvement was smaller (6%) than that for seed yield. Fall- and April-seed-ed canola tolerated spring frosts and avoided adversely hot, dry weather during the flowering period, thus improving canola seed yield and quality. Alternative seeding dates provide canola producers in semi-arid regions with a sustainable option to diversify their cropping systems. Key words: Seeding date, dormant, stubble, fallow, herbicide tolerant, alternative cropping practice

Response of herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars to four row spacings and three seeding rates in a no-till production system

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1229-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Kutcher ◽  
T. K. Turkington ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
K. N. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Production System ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant

Kutcher, H. R., Turkington, T. K., Clayton, G. W. and Harker, K. N. 2013. Response of herbicide-tolerant canola ( Brassica napus L.) cultivars to four row spacings and three seeding rates in a no-till production system. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1229–1236. Appropriate management practices are important to reduce input costs and to optimize yield and crop quality. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum row spacing (23, 31, 46 and 61 cm) and seeding rate (3.2, 6.4 and 9.6 kg ha−1, or 87, 173 and 260 seeds planted m−2) for two herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars (an open-pollinated and a hybrid) under a no-till production system. Plant density and yield varied with row spacing, with the effect being linear in both cases. Plant density decreased with wider row spacing, from 112 plants m−2 at the 23-cm row spacing to 83 plants m−2 at the 61-cm row spacing. Yield decreased with wider row spacing, from 2397 kg ha−1 at the 23-cm row spacing to 2138 kg ha−1 at the 61-cm row spacing. Results from this study indicate that herbicide-tolerant cultivars of canola grown in no-till production systems under conditions of adequate soil fertility, effective weed management, minimal disease pressure, and good flea beetle control, produced the highest plant densities and yields at row spacing of 24–31 cm, that seeding rates in the range of 3.2–9.6 kg ha−1 had no effects on yield, and that a hybrid cultivar performed better than open-pollinated cultivars in terms of plant density, earliness and duration of flowering, and seed size. The study helps to better define the response of plant density and seed yield in herbicide-tolerant canola cultivars to changes in row spacing and seeding rate. In particular, the results of this study suggest that plant density may not be a reliable predictor of canola yield, although row spacing is an important consideration.

Economic evaluation of seeding decisions in hybrid and open-pollinated herbicide-resistant canola (Brassica napus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Upadhyay ◽  
E. G. Smith ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
J. T. O’Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Canada Data

Herbicide-resistant canola (Brassica napus) is widely cultivated in western Canada. Data from a multi-year field experiment conducted at three locations in Alberta were used to investigate the effect of canola cultivar, time of seeding, polymer seed coating (PSC) on profitability and the net return risk. Cultivars included hybrid and open pollinated. Time of seeding was early and late fall, and early and normal spring. The hybrid canola generally had higher mean net return than the open-pollinated cultivar. The probability of thin canola stand was higher for fall dormant seeding compared with spring seeding. The use of PSC for early fall dormant seeding reduced the likelihood of thin canola stand, which translated into risk-efficient decision. However, PSC use for late fall seeding had mixed results. Early and normal spring seeding was generally risk-efficient at all locations. In exceptional cases, net returns from late fall dormant seeding (with or without PSC) were similar to that of spring seeding. Re-seeding of fall seeded canola in the spring could be beneficial, if the plant density was below 20 plant m-2. Seeding decisions were robust across a wide range of canola prices, based on the probability of negative net returns. Key words: Canola, fall seeding, net returns, polymer seed coat, re-seeding, risk

Seeding date and polymer seed coating effects on plant establishment and yield of fall-seeded canola in the Northern Great Plains

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Johnson ◽  
P. R. Miller ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
Y. Gan ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seeding Date

The time interval for planting fall-seeded Brassica napus L. canola in the Northern Great Plains is narrow, since seeding must occur as close to soil freeze-up as possible to minimize the risk of winter kill. The Prairie ecoregion tends to have more stable fall and winter temperatures than the Rocky Mountain foothill region, where fall and winter chinooks may initiate germination and increase the risk of winter mortality. Our objectives were to determine an optimum seeding date interval for fall-seeded canola and whether a water-impervious polymer seed coating could advance the seeding date and reduce the risk of stand loss and corresponding yield reduction in two distinct agroecoregions. A range of fall seeding dates and a water-impervious polymer seed coating vs. a control treatment (water-soluble film) were assessed at 14 sites (five locations) from 1998 to 2001 in Alberta and Saskatchewan (Prairie sites) and at six sites (four locations 1999–2001) in Montana, USA (Foothill sites). Highest seedling densities and canola yield responses for the control treatment were attained in the first 2 wk of November in the Prairie sites, while responses to seed date were much more variable in the Foothill region. In the Prairie sites, the water-impervious polymer seed coating improved seedling density and seed yield as seeding date was progressively moved forward from the first week of November to the first week of October. The benefit of the water-impervious polymer seed coating became notable when soil temperatures were above 5°C. The water-impervious polymer coating provided only marginal improvement in plant stand and canola yield in the Foothill region. In the Foothill region and at Lethbridge, fall-seeded canola densities were on average 60% lower than spring-seeded canola densities and fall seeding increased canola yield in only one site-year when compared with spring-seeded canola. In the Prairie region, a water-impervious polymer coating can broaden the time interval for fall seeding; however, it does not ensure that recommended densities of spring seedlings will be attained. The optimum seeding date for fall seeding in the Foothill region could not be adequately defined for either the control or the water-impervious polymer coated seed due to the variable nature of the late fall and winter weather. Key words: Canola (Brassica napus L.), alternative seeding date, germination

scholarly journals Activation of rape (Brassica napus L.) embryo during seed germination. V. The first zones of ultrastructural changes and their expansion

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Karaś
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Embryo Axis ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Basal Zone

In the germinating rape embryo the columella and basal part of hypocotyl undergo earliest activation. Its first ultrastructural symptom is the appearance of numerous ER vesicles after 3-6 h of seed swelling. Their number is the highest in the external layers of the columella and decreases in basipetal direction. Dermatogen cells in the basal zone of the hypocotyl contain the greatest amount of ER structures, whereas decreasing amounts are found in both directions along the embryo axis and centripetally. Further changes in the ER spread in a similar order. The vesicles merge and form a tubular and plate-like ER. Then, they disappear and are replaced by tubular and vesicular forms. The changes in the ER are gradually followed by ultrastructural symptoms of activation of mitochondria, plastids and dictyosomes. The highest number of ER structures and other organelles accumulate in root cells shortly before piercing of the seed coat. After germination their amount decreases and remains almost stable.

When is fall feeding by flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on canola (Brassica napus L.) a problem?

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Juliana J. Soroka ◽  
Larry F. Grenkow
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Late Season ◽  
The Third ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Seed Yields

Soroka, J. J. and L. F. Grenkow. 2012. When is fall feeding by flea beetles ( Phyllotreta spp., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on canola ( Brassica napus L.) a problem? Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 97–107. Two cultivars of Brassica napus canola were seeded in mid-May and early June in three field experiments in each of 3 yr near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, to determine the effects of late-season flea beetle feeding on seed yields. In the first experiment, canola was sprayed with insecticide late in the summer to eliminate naturally-infesting flea beetles. In the second, 1×1×1.5 m screen cages were placed over early- and late-seeded canola at flowering and infested with flea beetles as canola matured. In the third investigation, sleeve cages were placed over individual plants and infested with 100 flea beetles. Flea beetles had no detrimental effects on early-seeded canola in any experiment, but did affect seed yields of late-seeded plots in some trials. Over two cultivars in 1 year, late-seeded plants in cube cages infested with about 350 flea beetles per plant when lower pods were turning from translucent to green in colour reduced yield by 241 kg ha−1 over control yields. Seed weights in these late-seeded plots were decreased from 2.68 g per 1000 seeds in uninfested cages to 2.44 g per 1000 seeds in infested cages. Populations of 100 flea beetles per plant in sleeve cages had no effect on harvest parameters in any seeding date or year.

Electrospun Microbial-Encapsulated Composite-Based Plasticized Seed Coat for Rhizosphere Stabilization and Sustainable Production of Canola (Brassica napus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (18) ◽  
pp. 5085-5095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ali Khan ◽  
Farasat Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Raffi ◽  
Fauzia Yusuf Hafeez
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals Targeted mutagenesis of BnTT8 homologs controls yellow seed coat development for effective oil production in Brassica napus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1153-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yungu Zhai ◽  
Kaidi Yu ◽  
Shengli Cai ◽  
Limin Hu ◽  
Olalekan Amoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Targeted Mutagenesis ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document