Tolerance of cranberry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) to soil applications of s-metolachlor and imazethapyr

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Soltani ◽  
C. Shropshire ◽  
T. Cowan ◽  
P. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

There is little information on the tolerance of cranberry beans to preplant incorporated (PPI) and preemergence (PRE) applications of s-metolachlor and imazethapyr, eithe r alone or in tank mix combination, for selective weed control in cranberry beans in Ontario. Tolerance of two cranberry bean cultivars, Hooter and SVM Taylor, to PPI and PRE applications of s-metolachlor, imazethapyr and their tank mix combination at the label rate (1×) and twice the label rate (2× ) were studied at two Ontario locations (Exeter and Ridgetown) in 2001 and 2002. There were no differences between the two cultivars in their responses to the herbicide treatments. PPI and PRE applications of s-metolachlor alone at the 1× and 2× rate had no effect on visual crop injury and no negative effect on plant height, dry weight and yield compared to the control. The PPI and PRE applications of imazethapyr at the 1× rate did not result in significant visual crop injury, and had no negative effect on bean height and dry weight, but at the 2× rate there was significant visual crop injury, a decrease in height with the PPI application and decreased dry weight with PPI and PRE applications. No negative effect o n cranberry bean yield was observed with the application of imazethapyr at either the 1× or 2× rates. The PPI and PRE applications of the tank mix of s-metolachlor plus imazethapyr at the 1× rate did not result in significant visual crop injury or decreases in bean plant height or dry weight. At the 2× rate, there was significant visual crop injury, a decrease in bean plant height with PPI and PRE applications and decreased dry weight with the PPI application. The tank mix of s-metolachlor plus imazethapyr at the 1× rate had no effect on yield, but the PPI application at the 2× rate caused a decrease in yield at 1 of the 4 site-years. Key words:

Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Tolerance to Halosulfuron PRE, POST, or PRE followed by POST

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy D. Silvey ◽  
Wayne E. Mitchem ◽  
Andrew W. Macrae ◽  
David W. Monks
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Bean Plant ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Bean Yield

A field experiment was conducted in 1996 and 1997 to determine snap bean tolerance to halosulfuron based on crop injury, height, and yield. Halosulfuron was applied preemergence (PRE), postemergence (POST), and sequentially PRE followed by (fb) POST at 35, 53, and 70 g ai/ha, respectively. For comparison, a hand-weeded check was included. When data were averaged across years and halosulfuron rates, halosulfuron PRE, POST, and PRE fb POST provided similar yellow nutsedge control (74 to 82%) at snap bean harvest. Halosulfuron PRE resulted in 4% snap bean injury at harvest. Similarly, halosulfuron PRE fb POST resulted in 5% injury, while halosulfuron POST caused the most damage at 8%. Snap bean height at harvest was reduced 14% with halosulfuron POST compared to the weed-free check, with only 5 and 6% reduction caused by halosulfuron PRE and PRE fb POST, respectively. Halosulfuron POST reduced yield 39% compared to the weed-free check, while the PRE and PRE fb POST application timings produced yield similar to the check. When averaged across years and halosulfuron application timings, an increase in halosulfuron rate had no effect on yellow nutsedge control or snap bean yield. A linear trend was found for snap bean injury and plant height at harvest with snap bean injury increasing with an increase in halosulfuron rate while snap bean plant height decreased with an increase in halosulfuron rate. Application of halosulfuron PRE is the safest means to control yellow nutsedge in snap bean in North Carolina.

White Bean Sensitivity to Preemergence Herbicides

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Todd Cowan ◽  
Peter Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

White bean producers have a limited number of herbicide options available for annual grass and broadleaf weed control. Tolerance of two white bean cultivars to preemergence (PRE) applications ofS-metolachlor,S-metolachlor + imazethapyr, flumetsulam +S-metolachlor, cloransulam-methyl, clomazone, clomazone + imazethapyr, and clomazone +S-metolachlor at the maximum labeled rate in soybean (1×) and twice the labeled rate (2×) were studied at two Ontario locations (Exeter and Ridgetown) in 2001 and 2002.S-Metolachlor, clomazone, and clomazone +S-metolachlor generally had no negative effect on plant height, dry weight, maturity, and yield.S-Metolachlor + imazethapyr and clomazone + imazethapyr reduced plant height, dry weight, and yield as much as 21, 42, and 24%, respectively. Flumesulam +S-metolachlor and cloransulam-methyl reduced plant height, dry weight, and yield as much as 39, 58, and 43%, respectively. White beans are tolerant to PRE applications ofS-metolachlor, clomazone, and clomazone +S-metolachlor. White beans are sensitive to PRE applications ofS-metolachlor + imazethapyr, flumetsulam +S-metolachlor, clomazone + imazethapyr, and cloransulam-methyl.

Sensitivity of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) to soil applications of S-metolachlor and imazethapyr

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sikkema, Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Todd Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Kidney Beans ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Tolerance of Montcalm and Redhawk kidney beans to preplant incorporated (PPI) and preemergence (PRE) applications of S-metolachlor, imazethapyr and their tank mix at the maximum label rate in soybeans (1×) and twice that rate (2×) was studied at two Ontario locations (Exeter and Ridgetown) in 2001 and 2002. There were no differences between the two cultivars in their responses to the herbicide treatments. Visual evaluations of crop injury never exceeded 2% for any herbicide treatment. With the exception of a 7% height reduction after the PPI application of imazethapyr plus S-metholachlor at the 2× rate, none of the other treatments reduced plant height, dry weight, seed moisture content or seed yield. At sites where there was a significant difference, the PRE application caused more crop injury than the PPI application. These results indicate that there is an acceptable margin of crop safety for PPI and PRE applications of S-metolachlor and imazethapyr alone and in tank mix combination in kidney beans in Ontario. Key words: Crop injury; crop tolerance; imazethapyr; S-metolachlor; yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Herbicide Programs in Florida Cabbage Production

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Nathan S. Boyd ◽  
Peter J. Dittmar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Programs

In Florida, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is typically grown without a plastic mulch and as a result, weeds are a significant problem in most fields. Experiments were conducted from Nov. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in Balm, Citra, and Parrish, FL, to evaluate weed control and ‘Bravo’ cabbage tolerance to multiple herbicide programs applied pretransplanting (PRE-T), posttransplanting (POST-T), PRE-T followed by (fb) a sequential application at 3 weeks after transplanting (WATP), and POST-T fb sequential application at 3 WATP. PRE-T herbicide treatments of 277 g a.i./ha clomazone, 280 g a.i./ha oxyfluorfen, and 798 g a.i./ha pendimethalin and POST-T herbicide treatments of 6715 g a.i./ha dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) were ineffective, and weed control never exceeded 70% in Balm and provided <50% weed control in Citra and Parrish at 6 and 8 WATP, respectively. POST-T applications of napropamide + S-metolachlor at 2242 + 1770 g a.i./ha, DCPA + S-metolachlor at 6715 + 1170 g a.i./ha, and S-metolachlor POST-T fb clopyralid at 1170 g a.i./ha fb 210 g ae/ha were the most effective herbicide treatments and consistently provided >70% weed control. In addition, results showed that all of the herbicide treatments evaluated except the PRE application of clomazone at 277 g a.i./ha are safe for cabbage with no adverse effect on yield.

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) tolerance to imazethapyr

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
G. Saindon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

A field study was conducted during 3 yr to determine the growth and yield response of Pinto, Pink Red and Great Northern dry beans to various doses of imazethapyr. Imazethapyr was applied postemergence at 0, 25, 50 75 100, 150, and 200 g ha−1 to each class of dry bean. Results indicated that these four classes of dry beans responded similarly to imazethapyr. Dry bean injury increased and yields were reduced as dose of imazethapyr increased. At the proposed use dose of 50 g ha−1, imazethapyr reduced yield by 5 to 6%. Imazethapyr at 100 g ha−1 reduced dry bean yield by 10 to 12% and delayed maturity by 3 to 4 d. Benefits of superior weed control attained with imazethapyr should be weighed against potential crop injury when growers consider using imazethapyr in their dry bean weed management programs. Key words: Herbicide injury, maturity, seed yield, seed weight

Halosulfuron tankmixes applied preplant incorporated for weed control in white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Li ◽  
Rene Van Acker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters

Six field experiments were conducted over a two-year period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate the tolerance of white bean and spectrum of weeds controlled with halosulfuron applied preplant incorporated (PPI) alone or tankmixed with trifluralin, pendimethalin, EPTC, dimethenamid-P, or S-metolachlor. Halosulfuron applied alone or in tankmix with trifluralin, pendimethalin, EPTC, dimethenamid-P, or S-metolachlor caused 2% or less visible injury 1 and 4 weeks after emergence (WAE). Halosulfuron applied PPI controlled common lamb's-quarters, wild mustard, redroot pigweed, and common ragweed greater than 90% and green foxtail less than 60% 4 and 8 WAE. Weed biomass and density followed a similar pattern. White bean yield with halosulfuron applied alone or in tankmix with the same herbicides was equivalent to the weed-free control.

Halosulfuron Tank-Mixes Applied PRE in White Bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Li ◽  
Rene C. Van Acker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

White bean tolerance and weed control were examined by applying halosulfuron alone or in combination with pendimethalin, dimethenamid-P, orS-metolachlor applied PRE. All herbicides applied alone or in combination caused less than 3% visible injury 1 and 4 wk after emergence (WAE). Halosulfuron applied PRE provided greater than 95% control of common lambsquarters, wild mustard, redroot pigweed, and common ragweed and less than 55% control of green foxtail at 4 and 8 WAE. Weed density and dry weight at 8 WAE paralleled the control ratings. Dry bean yields in halosulfuron plus a soil applied grass herbicide did not differ compared to the weed-free control. Green foxtail competition with halosulfuron PRE applied alone resulted in reduced white bean yield compared to the weed-free control.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF POULTRY MANURE AND WEED CONTROL METHODS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SESAME VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
O. Danmaigoro ◽  
M. I. Zamfara ◽  
H. Yakubu ◽  
Musa M. Umar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Field trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 wet seasons at Federal University Dutse Teaching and Research Farm (Latitude 11 46, 39”N and Longitude 9 20, 30”E) in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. To evaluate performance of sesame varieties as affected by poultry manure and weed control methods. The treatments consisted of five weed control treatments (pre-emergence application of ButachlorEC50%,  hoe weeding at 3WAS +pre-emergence butachlor EC50%, pre-emergence butachlor EC50%+hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS, hoe weeding @ 3 and 6WAS and weedy check), three level of poultry manure (5, 10, and 15t/ha) and three sesame varieties (Ben 01, Yandev 55 and Ben 04E. The treatments were laid out in split plot design and replicated three times. The results indicated that weed control methods had significant effect (0.05) on the sesame growth and seed yield comparable to hoe weeding control at 3 and 6WAS where plant height number of leaves,  capsule number per plant and seed yield of sesame were significant higher with the application of butachlor plus hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS compared to others weed control methods.  Poultry manure application on sesame as 15t/ha gave taller plant height, more number of leaves, higher sesame dry weight, longer capsule length and seed yield of sesame than the other rates while Ben 01(455 and 1043 ) perform better than the others two varieties (Yandev 498, 756 and Ben4E 522 and 765 ) for 2017 and 2018 seasons.  In conclusion,       

scholarly journals Weed Control, Growth, Nodulation, Quality and Storability of Peas as Affected by Pre- and Postemergence Herbicides

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Ibrahim S. Abdallah ◽  
Karima F. Abdelgawad ◽  
Mohamed M. El-Mogy ◽  
Mohamed B. I. El-Sawy ◽  
Hend A. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Control Growth

Weeds represent a major constraint for successful pea cultivation, resulting in loss of green pea yield and quality. Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the efficacy of pendimethalin, butralin, fluazifop butyl, bentazon, and hoeing on weed control, and their impact on pea growth, nodule formation, yield, quality, and storability. The results indicated that hoeing and fluazifop butyl were the most effective treatments for weed control in terms of the lowest values of total weed dry weight. The bentazon and fluazifop butyl herbicides didn’t affect active nodules number, plant height, plant weight, root length, or number of leaves and branches. Additionally, bentazon and hoeing resulted in the highest total yield per plant and protein content. Butralin and pendimetalin achieved the lowest yield, and butralin also resulted in the lowest plant height and weight. Bentazon-treated peas had the highest chemical compositions in terms of chlorophyll, carotenoids, total sugar, and vitamin C contents in pea pods at harvest and during cold storage at 4 °C and 95 RH for 45 days. No detectable residues of the four herbicides under study were detected in green pods, suggesting that pods can be safely consumed at the time of harvesting. It can be concluded that nodules formation in pea was not affected significantly by the application of the tested herbicides, except pendimethalin and butralin. Furthermore, bentazon had a positive impact on nodules formation and pods quality and could be used effectively for controlling the broadleaf weeds, and it was simultaneously a selective and safe herbicide in pea cultivation.

scholarly journals 014 Effects of Preemergence Herbicides on Weeds and Eighteen Containerized Crops

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 390C-390
Author(s):  
Robert H. Stamps ◽  
Daniel W. McColley
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quercus Virginiana ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Effects ◽  
Cycas Revoluta ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Five preemergence herbicides (prodiamine 0.5 G, prodiamine 65 WDG, dithiopyr 0.27 G, thiazopyr 2.5 G, and oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin 3 G) were evaluated for weed control and crop safety on 18 plants (Acer rubrum, Agapanthus africanus, Asparagus densiflorus, Camellia sasanqua, × Cupressocyparis leylandii, Cycas revoluta, Galphimia gracillis, Gelsemium sempervirens, Illicium parviflorum, Lantana camara, Loropetalum chinense, Myrtis communis, Ophiopogon jaburan, Plumbago, Quercus virginiana, Rhododendron, Viburnum suspensum, and Zamia floridana. Herbicides were applied at 1.7 kg a.i./ha, except for oxyfluorfern + pendimethalin, which was applied at 3.4 kg a.i./ha. Treatments were applied twice at 4-month intervals. Untreated and weed-free controls were used to determine herbicide effects on weeds and crops, respectively. All herbicide treatments reduced weed growth (dry-weight basis) and weeding times. Major weeds were dogfennel [Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small], southern crabgrass [Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler], yellow woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta L.), tasselflower (Emilia spp.), and hairy crabweed [Fatoua villosa (Thumb.) Nakai]. Based on weed dry weights, overall weed control for the first 4 months was higher for diazopyr, thiazopyr, and prodiamine G than for the combination treatment. At 8 months, weed growth was similar for all herbicide treatments. The combination treatment was acutely phytotoxicity to more crops than the other treatments; however, phytotoxicity varied with crop, active ingredient, and formulation.

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