SOIL ACIDIFICATION BY FERTILIZERS AND LONGEVITY OF LIME APPLICATIONS IN THE PEACE RIVER REGION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. HOYT ◽  
A. M. F. HENNIG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Surface Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

Acidification of two soils was measured in an experiment in which fertilizer and CaCO3 treatments were applied in various combinations. The highest rate of fertilizer used, which included N at 139 kg/ha, decreased the pH in 4–5 yr in unlimed Donnelly (Gray Luvisol) and Josephine (Eluviated Gleysol) soils by 0.43 and 0.18 units, respectively. The fertilizer increased the soluble Al content in both soils. Yields of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were greatly increased by the fertilizer and lime treatments. However, by the fourth crop on the Josephine soil, fertilizer failed to give a yield increase in the absence of lime; this was apparently due to declining soil pH and increasing soluble Al. In another experiment, loss of lime was measured over an 8-yr period in six soils that had been limed with Ca(OH)2 to pH 6.5–7.0. The average loss of lime from the soils was equivalent to 495 kg of CaCO3/ha annually. This was accompanied by a decline in pH of 0.48 unit in the 8 yr. Liming caused substantial increases to subsoil pH for three of the soils. Despite the decline in surface soil pH, increases in yields of barley from liming were sustained over the 8-yr period. The implication of these findings to soil fertility practices in the Peace River region are discussed.

Effects of two crop rotations on seasonal runoff and soil loss in the Peace River region

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. P. Van Vliet ◽  
J. W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
River Region ◽  
Seasonal Runoff ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Losses

Four erosion plots were monitored from 1983 to 1989 (6 yr) to evaluate the effects of two crop rotations and their constituent crops on runoff and soil loss under natural precipitation near Fort St. John in the Peace River region of British Columbia. Rotation 1 consisted of two cycles of summerfallow — canola (Brassica rapa)-barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and Rotation 2 included summerfallow — canola-barley-barley underseed to red fescue (Festuca rubra L.)-fescue-fescue. Rainfall and snowmelt runoff were collected and sampled throughout the year to determine seasonal runoff and soil losses. Over the 6 yr, the cumulative runoff and soil losses were consistently greater under Rotation 1 than under Rotation 2. There was a greater than fourfold difference in total soil loss, and 33–35% more total runoff. Rainfall-induced runoff and soil losses were significantly higher for Rotation 1 than for Rotation 2. Snowmelt runoff accounted for 90 and 96% of the total annual runoff and for 39 and 80% of the total annual soil loss from Rotations 1 and 2, respectively. Two large rainfall events during 1983 and 1987, each causing a soil loss in excess of 2000 kg ha−1, accounted for between 85 and 91% of the 6-yr total rainfall-induced erosion from Rotation 1. No differences in runoff or soil loss were detected among crops but the comparisons were insensitive because of high residual variation. Key words: Runoff, soil loss, erosion plots, crop rotations

Jackson barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-208
Author(s):  
R. I. Wolfe ◽  
D. G. Faris ◽  
J. G. N. Davidson ◽  
P. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
The Cross

Jackson (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an early-maturing, hulled, six-row feed barley. It was developed at the Northern Agriculture Research Centre, Beaverlodge, Alberta from the cross BT607/Pomo. It is short in height, moderately strong strawed, and adapted to western Alberta and the Peace River region of British Columbia. Key words:Hordeum vulgare, barley, early maturity, cultivar description

AC Stacey barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-463
Author(s):  
R. I. Wolfe ◽  
D. G. Faris ◽  
J. G. N. Davidson ◽  
P. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Research Centre ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Leaf Scald ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Barley Leaf

AC Stacey is an early maturing, six-row feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with excellent barley leaf scald resistance. It was developed at the Northern Agriculture Research Centre, Beaverlodge, Alberta from the cross Otal/Melvin. It is moderately strong strawed, and adapted to barley leaf scald prone areas in Alberta, and the Peace River region of British Columbia. Key words:Hordeum vulgare, barley, early maturity, cultivar description, Rhynchosporium secalis, scald

Soil pH and aluminium and their spatial variation in Western Australian acidic soils

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Dolling ◽  
WM Porter ◽  
AD Robson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Thirty-eight sites on acid soils (pH<5.5, 1:5 in water) in the medium rainfall region of Western Australia were sampled to examine spatial variation in soil pH and 0.01 mol/L CaCl2-extractable aluminium. We also examined the relationship between (i) the A1 and A2 horizon soil pH, (ii) the A1 and A2 horizon extractable aluminium, (iii) surface and subsurface soil pH and (iv) surface soil and subsurface soil-extractable Al. Soil at each site generally had a light-textured layer overlying a clay layer at varying depths (30-70 cm) and was classified as either Dy 5.21 or Dy 5.41 (Northcote 1979). Over 80% of the sites had surface soil pH values 4.8 or lower and extractable aluminium concentrations 2 �g/g or higher. There was a very poor correlation (r2 = 0.21) between the A1 horizon soil aluminium extracted in 0.01 mol/L CaCl2 and the pH measured in 0.01 mol/L CaCl2 over 1 ha sites. The relationship was slightly improved in the A2 horizon (r2 = 0.49). The coefficients of variation of soil pH varied from 1.2 to 5.1%, while the coefficients of variation for CaCl2-extractable aluminium varied from 10 to 50%. At many of the sites, low pH values and high aluminium concentrations extended down to 35-45 cm. At the B horizon the pH values generally increased and the aluminium concentrations decreased. The surface soil pH and extractable aluminium were not good indicators (r2 = 0.09-0.60) of the subsurface soil pH and extractable aluminium.

OTAL BARLEY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1097-1099
Author(s):  
R. I. WOLFE ◽  
R. L. TAYLOR ◽  
D. G. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Cultivar Description

Otal is a six-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed and released in Alaska by the United States Department of Agriculture and the state Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station at Palmer. Otal was developed from a cross of the Finnish cultivar Otra, and a breeding line from the Weibullsholm Plant Breeding Institute, Sweden. It was identified at the Agriculture Canada Research Station at Beaver-lodge in Alberta as having promise in the Peace River region for its combination of earliness and high yield, and was licensed for sale in Canada.Key words: Cultivar description, barley, Hordeum vulgare L. early-maturity

AC Albright barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-459
Author(s):  
R. I. Wolfe ◽  
S. M. Dofing ◽  
J. G. N. Davidson ◽  
P. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
North Central ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivar Description

AC Albright (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an early maturing, six-row feed barley cultivar. It was selected from the cultivar Otal at the Northern Agriculture Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge, Alberta Canada. It has demonstrated adaptation to north-central and western Alberta and the Peace River region of British Columbia. Key words:Hordeum vulgare, barley, early maturity, cultivar description

Effect of plant residue return on the development of surface soil pH gradients

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Paul ◽  
A. S. Black ◽  
M. K. Conyers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Surface soil-pH map of Queensland

Soil Research ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Ahern ◽  
MMG Weinand ◽  
RF Isbell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Surface soil pH can influence biological activity, nutrition and various chemical processes in the soil. Low pH or acidity is causing major concern in southern Australia, prompting requests for details on the extent, severity and distribution of acidic soils in Queensland. By creating a soil pH database, using an appropriate base map, rainfall isohyets and GIS technology, a coloured pH map of surface soils was produced at a 1:5000000 scale for the entire State. As most samples were from virgin or little disturbed sites, the map generally reflects naturally occurring soil pH. Developed horticultural, agricultural and fertilized pastoral areas are likely to have lower pH than that mapped. About two thirds (63.1%) of Queensland's soils have acidic surfaces, 9.5% neutral and the remaining 26.9% are alkaline. The major proportion (74%) of the > 1200 mm rainfall zone is strongly acid, and the remainder is medium acid or acid. Much of the sugar growing areas occur in this zone. Surface soil pH generally decreases as rainfall increases and to a lesser extent from subtropical to tropical climate. In addition to climate, identification of the soil type assists with predicting pH, as the organic, coarse and medium textured soils and massive earths are more likely to be acid and have low buffering capacity. Depending on the land use, such soils may require regular liming or minimizing of net acidifying practices for long term sustainability.

Effects of three tillage treatments on seasonal runoff and soil loss in the Peace River region

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. P. van Vliet ◽  
R. Kline ◽  
J. W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Seasonal Runoff ◽  
Tillage Treatment ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Losses

Three tillage treatments were evaluated over a 4-yr period for their effects on runoff and soil loss under natural precipitation on a Donnelly silt loam soil (Solonetzic Gray Luvisol) near Dawson Creek in the Peace River region of British Columbia. Conventional-tilled (CT) plots (spring or fall cultivation) received twice the amount of tillage as the reduced-tilled (RT) plots, while the zero-tilled (ZT) plots were only disturbed at seeding once a year. The plots were seeded to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Rainfall and snowmelt runoff were collected throughout the year to determine seasonal runoff and soil losses. The effects of the tillage treatments on runoff and soil loss depended on the season (whether caused by rainfall or snowmelt) and the crop year. Mean snowmelt runoff was ZT > CT > RT. Conventional tillage had significantly higher rainfall runoff and soil loss from snowmelt than the other two tillage treatments, with no significant differences between RT and ZT. Mean rainfall-induced soil loss was significantly different for each tillage treatment, with CT > RT > ZT. Soil losses from snowmelt were low, less than 30% of those from rainfall, since snowfall was 45% below normal. Soil losses from rainfall were consistently higher than from snowmelt for each tillage treatment in each of the four crop years and provided over 75% of the 4-yr total annual soil loss. Tillage effects were more pronounced in years with low runoff and soil loss than in years with high runoff and soil loss. Zero tillage and RT are effective in reducing average annual soil losses by 81 and 53%, respectively, of those observed under conventional tillage. Key words: Runoff, soil loss, erosion plots, seasons, tillage

WATER-SOLUBLE AND EXCHANGEABLE ALUMINUM IN ACID SOILS AS AFFECTED BY LIMING AND FERTILIZATION

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. MacLeod ◽  
L. P. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
Surface Soil Ph ◽  
Representative Samples

The concentration of water-soluble and exchangeable aluminum was determined in the 0–15-, 15–23-, 23–30- and 30–45-cm depths of a Podzol limed to provide surface soil pH values ranging from 4.5 to 7.2. Both soluble and exchangeable Al decreased with increasing soil pH. Soluble Al ranged from 5.7 ppm at pH 4.4 with high fertilization to 0.3 ppm at pH 6.5 with similar fertilization. Increasing the rate of fertilization at pH 4.5 raised the soluble Al from 2.6 to 5.7 ppm. Fertilization still doubled the soluble Al in soil at pH 5.1 but had little effect as the pH was raised further to 5.8 and 6.5. Soluble Al in the subsoil samples was less than in surface soil samples at the same pH, while with exchangeable Al, the concentration was greater in the subsoil than in the surface soil samples.There was not a direct relationship between pH and soluble Al, although the highest soluble Al concentrations occurred at lowest soil pH levels. Analyses of 30 representative samples of surface soil taken from farmers' fields showed that the soluble Al concentration at pH 4.0 ranged from 3.5 to 4.8 ppm, while at a pH of 5.0 it ranged from 0.2 to 2.8 ppm. The concentrations of soluble Al in many of these soils exceeded the levels previously shown by nutrient solution experiments to severely restrict growth of legumes and some varieties of barley.

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