SOIL SAMPLING AND SOIL UNIFORMITY FOR N, P AND K IN A SMALL PLOT AREA

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Small Plot

not available

A Method for Assessing Herbicide Performance in Small Plot Experiments

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Hamill ◽  
P.B. Marriage ◽  
G. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Individual Species ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
Weed Cover ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Grass Weed

A method is described that provides an accurate and useful assessment of herbicide performance in small plot experiments. This method is an extension of previous rating systems and provides an assessment of the control of individual species through an estimation of the percentage that each contributes to the total broadleaf or grass weed cover on the whole plot area. It permits data collection on individual weed species but is less time-consuming than counting individual plants and it takes into account the size and vigor of individual weed plants as well as their relative abundance. Further, the system allows tabulation of data from across the entire plot rather than from small areas within the plot. The data can be readily entered into various computerized retrieval systems.

Herbage yield and cattle preference for dryland pasture grasses

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
W. P. McCaughey
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Harvesting Techniques ◽  
Preference Ratings

In a 3-yr pasture trial, herbage yield and cattle preference were recorded on a small plot area which was mob-grazed by cattle. Sampling grazed plots with quadrats had greater variability associated with the technique than traditional mechanical harvesting techniques, but the technique allowed grazing to continue on the remaining plot area so that other information such as cattle preference ratings could be collected. Results indicated that differences (P < 0.001) in herbage yield between cultivars could be detected despite having greater coefficients of variation than traditional mechanical harvesting methods and that differences (P < 0.001) in cattle preference could be determined using visual rating scores. Key words: Grass, cattle, preference, yield, forage

scholarly journals The effect of different soil core samplers on precision of estimating weed seedbank in soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Smutný ◽  
J. Křen
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Spectrum Detection ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Circular Base

The effect of different soil sampling procedures on the precision of estimating the weed seedbank in soil using three soil core samplers with a&nbsp;circular base of 1.3, 6.4 and 8.0 cmin diameter was studied in a&nbsp;model experiment. The results showed the importance of a&nbsp;methodological approach. The soil sampler with a&nbsp;larger diameter is more useful for the objective assessment of the species spectrum (detection of seeds of all weed species in the soil). Furthermore, the value of the coefficient of variation (vx) decreases along with the increasing diameter of the soil sampler. The value of vx&nbsp;assessed in partial samples taken with a&nbsp;sampler of 1.3 cm diameter was double to three times higher than for soil samplers of 6.4 and 8.0 cm. The value of vx&nbsp;increased in individual weed species at decreasing seed frequency in individual partial samples from 17.82 to 316.23%. The soil core with the diameter of8.0 cm on the area of1 m2&nbsp;is optimal for the exact research. To estimate the weed seedbank in soil in small-plot experiments, one partial sample on the area of5 m2&nbsp;is recommended. To obtain comparable results, it is necessary to take a&nbsp;higher number of samples at a&nbsp;decreasing diameter of the soil sampler. Likewise, a&nbsp;larger amount of samples is needed to detect less abundant species.

Aspects of statistical bias due to the forest edge: fixed-area circular plots

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Fowler ◽  
Loukas G. Arvanitis
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Unbiased Estimator ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Statistical Bias ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Mean Square Errors

A procedure is presented to eliminate edge-effect statistical bias for fixed-area circular plots when sampling forest areas. For known forest populations, the exact mean of the unbiased (adjusted for edge effect) and biased (unadjusted for edge effect) estimates of a forest characteristic can be determined along with the exact bias. Edge-effect bias is investigated for three forests that vary in area, four plot sizes, and three forest characteristics. Exact and estimated results based on 5000 random points were compared. Edge-effect bias increases with plot area and varies with forest size, spatial distribution of trees, percentage of edge trees, and forest characteristic. The variance of the biased estimator was always smaller than the variance of the unbiased estimator. Using mean square errors, the biased estimator was found to be more accurate and the distortion of probability statements caused by the bias negligible for moderate sample sizes and small-plot areas.

Soil Sampling Procedures

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davie Kadyampakeni ◽  
Kelly Morgan ◽  
Arnold Schumann ◽  
Rhuanito Ferrarezi ◽  
Jamie D Burrow
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Soil And Water

To achieve optimal grove nutrition, citrus growers must test grove soil before beginning any fertilization program. Standard procedures for sampling, preparing, and analyzing soil should be followed for meaningful interpretations of the test results and accurate recommendations. This new two-page fact sheet, published by the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences, provides illustrated soil sampling procedures and tables to aid in basic interpretation of lab results. Written by Davie Kadyampakeni, Kelly Morgan, Arnold Schumann, and Rhuanito S. Ferrarezi.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss667

Mechanical Factors of Infl uence on Biological Effi ciency of Solanum Nigrum L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
O. Ivashchenko ◽  
O. Ivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Sensitivity Level ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Working Out

Aim. Studying of black nightshade young plants’ response to the induced mechanical stresses. Methods. Researches conducted in small plot fi eld experiments. Results. Change of sensitivity level of Solanum nigrum L. plants depending on phases of their development at the moment of damage of elevated parts has been proven. Owing to loss of the surface capable to photosynthesis, there is an essential decrease in volumes of photosynthesis at plants of weed survived and their possibilities of ontogeny passage. The deep induced dis- stresses reduce biological effi ciency of plants, their ability to accumulate weight and to form seeds and even lead them to death. Conclusions. The defi ned principles of response of weed plants to the induced mechanical dis-stresses are can be used for working out and ecological receptions of crops protection from weeds.

QUALITATIVE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Owing to the significant differences in the adaptability of state-registered varieties, those which can adapt well to the local conditions should be given preference. There are several high-yielding varieties available in Hungary with excellent agronomic properties, good adaptability and satisfactory baking quality. This study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 34 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in the small plot trials of the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (NIAQC) at 5–9 locations between 1994 and 1997 based on their gluten quantity and farinographic index. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was applied as modified by Bedő and Balla (1977). The qualitative stability and adaptability values of the varieties differ from the adaptability and stability values calculated from the grain yields. Some winter wheat varieties have good qualitative adaptability and stability, while others have special adaptability and poor qualitative stability, but the majority of the varieties do not belong to these groups.

Positive effect of preparations with antiviral properties on potato productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Kolychikhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Production Conditions ◽  
Chitosan Lactate

In the small-plot experiment of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy against potato viruses in 2014-2019 were tested some kinds of preparations with antiviral activity: Pharmayod, GS (100 g/l of iodine); Immunocytophyte, TAB (20 g/kg arachidonic acid ethyl ester); Ecogel, WS (30 g/l of chitosan lactate); Amulet, TAB (composition of linear polyaminosaccharides (chitosan) in succinic acid solution); Zerox, WS (3000 mg /l colloidal silver); Viron, WS (biostimulant based on urea and citric acid with the addition of essential oils). According to the results of the studies, it was found that, in addition to the effect on the causative agents of viral diseases of potatoes, all tested preparations had a stable tendency to maintain or increase the yield of tubers of infected plants. The increase in the yield of tubers ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 kg/m2. In 2016 under the production conditions of Astrakhan region on the potato variety Impala infected with the PVM + PVS and PVM + PVS + PVY virus complexes a comparative assessment of the effect of Pharmayod and Immunocytophyte revealed a significant increase in the gross and marketable yield of potato plants in the areas with the use of these preparations compared to with control.

Animals in the sanctuary. Bird bones and eggshell

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Serjeantson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
First Millennium Bc ◽  
Significant Addition

Excavations at the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia and the application of a systematic soil sampling and water flotation programme led to the collection of a moderate amount for bird bones and eggshell fragments. Their dating in the first millennium BC and their association with cult renders them a significant addition to the extant bird remains record in Greece. In this paper the bird and egg remains are presented in detail by chronological phase and by feature, they are compared with other contemporary assemblages of bird remains, and some commentary is offered on their significance.

The Auburn Small‐Plot Forage Harvester 1

1971 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. McCormick ◽  
C. S. Hoveland
Keyword(s):  
Small Plot ◽  
Forage Harvester
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