Herbage yield and cattle preference for dryland pasture grasses

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
W. P. McCaughey

In a 3-yr pasture trial, herbage yield and cattle preference were recorded on a small plot area which was mob-grazed by cattle. Sampling grazed plots with quadrats had greater variability associated with the technique than traditional mechanical harvesting techniques, but the technique allowed grazing to continue on the remaining plot area so that other information such as cattle preference ratings could be collected. Results indicated that differences (P < 0.001) in herbage yield between cultivars could be detected despite having greater coefficients of variation than traditional mechanical harvesting methods and that differences (P < 0.001) in cattle preference could be determined using visual rating scores. Key words: Grass, cattle, preference, yield, forage

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-155
Author(s):  
S. L. Fox ◽  
L. K. Blomquist

A shield was developed to mount on a small plot combine header to separate and flatten adjacent unwanted rows from selected rows being harvested. Additional shielding was added underneath the combine to prevent stray spikes from discarded rows entering the combine. Approximately 25% more single row plots could be harvested per day with a plot combine modified with this device. Key words: Equipment, modification, wheat


Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Hamill ◽  
P.B. Marriage ◽  
G. Friesen

A method is described that provides an accurate and useful assessment of herbicide performance in small plot experiments. This method is an extension of previous rating systems and provides an assessment of the control of individual species through an estimation of the percentage that each contributes to the total broadleaf or grass weed cover on the whole plot area. It permits data collection on individual weed species but is less time-consuming than counting individual plants and it takes into account the size and vigor of individual weed plants as well as their relative abundance. Further, the system allows tabulation of data from across the entire plot rather than from small areas within the plot. The data can be readily entered into various computerized retrieval systems.


2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cardinault ◽  
B. Lyan ◽  
M. Doreau ◽  
B. Chauveau ◽  
E. Rock ◽  
...  

Due to the limited interest in carotenoids in ruminant diets until recently, analyses of forages are often incomplete, focusing mainly on β-carotene and lutein. Carotenoid composition of green forage from middle mountain meadow was analyzed by HPLC after extraction and elimination of chlorophylls by mild saponification. This method of analysis uses two C18 columns in series with a quaternary gradient system. Our method allowed, for the first time, the identification and quantification of several xanthophylls other than lutein (i.e., violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, epilutein) in chlorophyll-free extracts from carotenoid-rich forage. The intra-day (3.5–7.5 %) and inter-day (1.2–3.5 %) coefficients of variation are suitable for routine determination of carotenoids in green forage. This method could also be used in metabolic studies of these micronutrients in ruminants. Key words: Xanthophylls, carotenoids, fresh forage, HPLC


1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  

not available


1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Twamley ◽  
D. T. Tomes ◽  
S. R. Bowley

OAC Bright is a birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) cultivar developed by the Crop Science Department, University of Guelph. It was developed by within and among half-sib progeny recurrent selection for seedling vigour and seed yield. OAC Bright has 2% higher seedling vigour and 0.8% higher herbage yield than Leo. It has similar maturity and persistence to Leo. Key words: Birdsfoot trefoil, cultivar description, seedling vigour, seed yield, recurrent selection


1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ellis ◽  
R. O. Clements ◽  
J. S. Bale

SummaryThe relationship between seed rate and use of pesticide (chlorpyrifos and aldicarb) on tiller density and herbage yield of a conventionally established autumn re-seed (i.e. grass sown after a previous grass crop) of Italian ryegrass (cv. RvP) was investigated in small plot trials at three sites in Yorkshire, Berkshire and Devon in August 1984. Plots were also sampled for pests and earthworms. Pesticide enhanced yield at all sites at the first harvest in October 1984, particularly at the low seed rates, but this effect did not persist until the spring harvest in 1985. Tiller density and herbage dry-matter yield increased logarithmically with increasing seed rate. Frit fly was the major pest and the proportion of infested tillers increased linearly with seed rate. Low seed rate in combination with appropriate insecticide was more cost effective than untreated higher seed rates in the establishment of autumn re-seeded Italian ryegrass.


1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DALE ◽  
V. P. GRAY ◽  
N. W. MILES

Field and decapping performance were compared for two strawberry clones, the cultivar Midway and the selection Vineland (V) 6747R-6, grown in solid beds or in matted rows and harvested either once-over by hand or by machine or by multiple harvests involving both hand and machine. Yields, which were related to crown numbers, were higher and fruit sizes were lower from the solid beds compared to the matted rows. Within each cultural system, yields were higher from the once-over hand and multiple harvests than from once-over machine harvests. A similar proportion of decapped fruit for a frozen product was obtained by mechanical decapping from the two systems. A greater proportion was obtained from multiple harvests of the matted rows than by other harvest treatments in that system or by any of the treatments in the solid bed system. From all systems and treatments, Midway gave higher yields and more decapped fruit than V6747R-6.Key words: Strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa, yield, machine harvest, solid beds, matted rows


Author(s):  
Jairo Enrique Valderrama Valderrama

Con base en una investigación cuyo objetivo central consiste en develar algún modelo de cultura de las revistas designadas como tales, se expone aquí un rastreo acerca de cómo el periodismoenriquece, altera, preserva o disminuye las características y manifestaciones propias de un grupo humano, independientemente de si la actividad informativa trata acerca de esos mismos asuntos.La información económica, política, deportiva, científica, etc. también va revestida de cultura, y en ésta parecen importar más la verosimilitud que la realidad misma, la posibilidad de creer en unaversión antes que en la verdad de ésta y, sobre todo, en manejar el llamado entretenimiento, que funciona como fortísima cortina de humo. La mayor parte de los motivos para ejercer un control recurrente de los contenidos masificados se ha centrado, primero, en la escritura oficial; luego, en las ideas propagadas que generó lainvención de la imprenta; más tarde, en los medios impresos y, en el último siglo, en los medios electrónicos de comunicación.Palabras clave: revistas culturales, cultura, periodismo.AbstractBased on a research study whose main objective consists in unveiling a model of culture in magazines designated as cultural, this article presents an exploration of how journalism enriches, alters, preserves or diminishes the characteristics and manifestations of a human group, regardless of whether the informative activity is about those same matters. Economic, political, sports, scientific, and other information is also enmeshed in culture, a conception of culture where verisimilitude seems to matter more than reality itself, with the possibility of believing in a version more than the truth expressed on it, and above all the manipulation of so called entertainment which works as a fortified smoke screen. Most of the reasons to implement a recurrent control of the massified contents have focused firston official writing, then in the propagation of ideas that created to the invention of the printing press, Later in printed media, and in the last century in the electronic media. Key words: cultural magazines, culture, journalism.


2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Smith ◽  
M. Tasneem ◽  
G. A. Kearney ◽  
K. F. M. Reed ◽  
A. Leonforte

To refine selection methods for a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) breeding program, half-sib families and commercial cultivars were evaluated for 3 years with treatments sown as both single-drill rows or swards. Dry matter yield of the perennial ryegrass treatments was evaluated several times in each year as a visual score which was subsequently calibrated against a regression determined by cutting a subset of plots or by cutting all plots. Thus, the experiment evaluated 2 aspects of herbage-yield determination in a perennial ryegrass breeding program: (i) the use of visual estimates of herbage yield to reduce the time spent cutting plots, and (ii) the use of single-row plots compared with swards. The correlation (either as Pearsons correlation coefficient, or Spearmans rank correlation coefficient) between visual estimates of herbage yield was always significant (P<0.01), with the exception of the rank correlation for sward plots in the summer 1995 (r = 0.4; P<0.05). However, the extent of the correlation varied (r = 0.4–0.9), and at some harvests calibrated visual ratings only explained a small proportion of the variance observed in harvested dry matter yields. These data suggest that visual ratings of herbage yield would be accurate enough to be used to detect large differences between families, breeding lines, cultivars or accessions of perennial ryegrass. However, when differences between lines are likely to be small, then harvesting all plots would give a more accurate estimate of the yield of perennial ryegrass lines. Likewise, the herbage yield of perennial ryegrass in single-row plots was significantly correlated with the herbage yield of perennial ryegrass sown as swards (P<0.01 or P<0.05). However, the correlation was again variable leading to the conclusion that evaluation of perennial ryegrass as single-row plots was not always an accurate indicator of sward yield. For those 4 (of 13) harvests over 3 years where the interaction between sward yield and row yield of the perennial ryegrass lines was significant (P<0.05), this interaction was shown not to be due to significant rank changes but rather to an increase in the differences of yield in swards or yield in single-row plots. We conclude that the harvesting of swards was the most reliable method of estimating the dry matter yield of perennial ryegrass cultivars. However, significant correlations between visual rating of treatments, or yield in single-row plots and measured yield as swards illustrated that these methods (visual ratings and single-plot yields) could be used to reduce the cost of evaluating differences in the herbage yield potential of perennial ryegrass, especially when these differences were likely to be large or when seed is limited, such as during the evaluation of accessions.


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