scholarly journals Performance of small-seeded common bean from the second selection cycle and multiple-cross intra- and interracial populations

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
J. Arièl Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Multiple Cross ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Selection For ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Twenty experimental lines of small-seeded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of Middle American origin from the second cycle of selection (SCS) in multiple-cross intra- and interracial populations were evaluated with two control cultivars from the first cycle of selection (FCS) derived from single-cross intraracial populations and three standard controls at three locations for 3 yr (1988–1990) in Colombia. A 5 × 5 lattice design with four replications was used. Each plot consisted of four rows, 5 m long in the first year and 7 m long in the next 2 years. To develop experimental lines in both selection cycles, visual mass selection for seed yield and/or resistance to diseases in individual plants and plant-to-progeny rows was practiced in early generations. The F2 and F3 were managed by the single-pod bulk method followed by the single plant harvests (F4 or F5), progeny tests (F5 or F6), and seed increases (F6 or F7). The F4- or F5-derived lines were tested for seed yield in F7 or F8. Thirteen lines from the SCS outyielded both control cultivars from the FCS and one standard control. However, only two lines, A 785 and A 774, from the SCS outyielded the best standard control, cultivar Carioca, by an average of 7.7%. Both lines were derived from interracial populations involving high-yielding parents possessing positive general combining ability for seed yield. Most improved lines from the SCS possessed higher yield per day and higher disease resistance. No apparent changes were recorded in days to maturity and 100-seed weight for high-yielding lines. Late-maturing lines usually had lower yield and yield per day.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, small-seeded common bean, seed yield, cycles of selection, intra- and interracial crosses

scholarly journals Use of interracial hybridization in breeding the race Durango common bean

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
J. Ariel Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
High Level

Recently, interracial hybridization was used successfully in breeding common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), but its use has not been adequately documented. Approximately 125 lines with medium-sized seed were selected in the first cycle, mostly from race Durango × race Mesoamerica (both from the Middle American domestication center) single- and multiple-cross populations, for disease resistance and race Durango characteristics. Fifteen of these improved lines, three race Durango control cultivars, and one control cultivar each from races Jalisco and Mesoamerica were evaluated for 3 yr (1989–1991) at three locations in Colombia. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Lines were developed using visual mass selection for seed yield and/or resistance to diseases in F2 and F3, followed by single plant harvests in F4 or F5 and seed increases in F6 or F7. Lines resistant to bean common mosaic virus and possessing other desirable traits were yield-tested in F7 or F8. All but two lines outyielded Alteño and Flor de Mayo, the highest yielding control cultivars from races Durango and Jalisco, respectively. Two lines also outyielded Carioca, the race Mesoamerica control cultivar. Improved lines tended to possess higher yield per day. All lines were resistant to bean common mosaic virus and most lines also carried a high level of resistance to anthracnose. Plant, seed, and maturity characteristics of most improved lines were similar to those of race Durango control cultivars. These results support the use of interracial hybridization in improving race Durango common bean. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, race Durango, interracial populations, seed yield, disease resistance

Inheritance of seed yield, maturity and seed weight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under semi-arid rainfed conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
R. M. Ochoa ◽  
F. P. Ibarra ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Common ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SUMMARYTo develop an effective breeding programme for rainfed production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the inheritance of seed yield under such conditions should be understood, preferably considering the effects of environment to account for site or season specificity. Thus, heritability, expected and realized gain from selection, and combining ability were evaluated for a nine-parent diallel of common bean without reciprocals but including parents, at two locations each in Mexico and Colombia, using the F2 and F3 population bulks. Heritability estimated from regressions of F3 on F2 ranged from 0·09 ± 0·18 (S.E.) to 0·75±0·25 for seed yield, from 0·26±009 to 0·34±009 for days to maturity and from0·57±004 to 0·80±004 for 100-seed weight. Expected gain from selection in the F2 was estimated as a percentage of the population mean, selecting the upper 20% of the populations. Expected gain in seed yield ranged from 1·8 to 8·4% in Mexico and from 6·5 to 28·1% in Colombia. Realized gains in seed yield in the F3 were 0·4–7·4% in Mexico and 2·9–15·7% in Colombia. Realized gain values for days to maturity were < 2·2%, and for 100-seed weight > 13·4%. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares (estimated using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1) were significant (P <0·01) and larger than those for specific combining ability (SCA) for all traits at all locations. The parents from the Mexican highlands tended to have a positive GCA effect for yield in Mexico but negative values in Colombia, whereas parents adapted to mid-elevation tropical environments showed the opposite tendency. However, all significant GCA values of breeding line V8025 were positive in both countries.

scholarly journals SELECTION FOR YIELD AT TWO FERTILIZER LEVELS IN SMALL-SEEDED COMMON BEAN

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHREE P. SINGH ◽  
CARLOS A. URREA ◽  
J. ARIEL GUTIERREZ ◽  
JAMES GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For

Selection for seed yield (visual in the F2, visual and plot yield from the F3 to F5, and yield tests in F6) was carried out in two crosses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in high and low soil fertility environments at CIAT-Quilichao, Colombia. Parents were small-seeded and tolerant to low soil phosphorus, possessed indeterminate bush growth habit, and belonged to lowland tropical gene pools of Middle America. The mean yield of selected lines from low (LFS) and high (HFS) soil fertility environments was significantly higher than the mean of the parents in both crosses when tested in high fertility (HF) but not in low fertility (LF). The highest yielding LFS and HFS lines from A 286 × (G 5059 × A 80) and the LFS line from A 286 × ICA Pijao outyielded the best check cultivar, Carioca, in HF. No line yielded significantly more than A 286, the best parent used in both crosses. The mean effect of fertilizer levels on selection for seed yield was nonsignificant. Lines selected under two environments showed similar but average response and high stability of performance under variable environments. Low soil fertility accelerated maturity and reduced 100-seed weight and seed yield.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, bean (small-seeded common), selection for yield, soil fertility, Middle American gene pools, regression coefficient

Morphological variability and phylogenetic analysis in Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Razvi ◽  
M. N. Khan ◽  
M. Ashraf Bhat ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
S.A. N. Ganaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Thirteen common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) accessions collected from different ecological regions of Jammu and Kashmir were evaluated at four diverse locations during kharief 2009. Significant variation was observed for most of the morphological traits. Estimates of heritability (bs) were high (>60 %) for all the traits except pod length. The expected genetic gain (per cent of mean) was high (>30 %) for days to maturity, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, 100-seed weight and seed yield plant-1 while it was moderate (10.0-30.0%) for days to 50 per cent flowering, number of branches plant-1, pod length and protein content. Seed yield plant-1 was observed to have a highly positive and significant correlation both at phenotypic and genotypic levels with number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and 100-seed weight. But negative and significant correlations with days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity were estimated from pooled analysis. Classification of accessions led to the formation of two clusters wherein the maximum number 7 accessions were grouped in cluster I and the remaining six were grouped in cluster II. Analysis of traits contributing maximum to the divergence revealed that traits viz., 100-seed weight (37.10%), protein content (15.26%), number of seeds pod-1 (11.28%) and days to maturity (10.14%) to contribute to the divergence in the present experimental material.

Response to selection for seed yield and nitrogen (N2) fixation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Elizondo Barron ◽  
R.J Pasini ◽  
D.W Davis ◽  
D.D Stuthman ◽  
P.H Graham
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Selection For

Effect of random intermatings in early generations on seed yield in interracial populations of common bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Zero (I0), one (I1), and two (I2) rounds of random intermating were made among S1 or S0 families of two interracial populations (GX 8904 and GX 8929) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The resulting S4 families were evaluated for seed yield, 100-seed weight, and number of days to maturity in six environments in Colombia during 1993 and 1994. The experimental design was a partially balanced, 10 × 10 lattice, with three replications. The mean seed yield after I1 increased by 8.9% in population GX 8904 and by 20.1% in GX 8929. No change occurred in seed yield after I2 in either population. The I1 and I2 of GX 8904, on average, were slightly later maturing than the I0. In GX 8929, I2 was later maturing than I0 and I1. The random intermatings did not induce appreciable changes in 100-seed weight in either population. All S4 families in both populations were either small or medium seeded (< 40 g/100 seed weight) and of intermediate to late maturity (> 70 d to maturity). Key words: Bean (common), interracial population, Phaseolus vulgaris, random intermating, yield selection

scholarly journals Selection for drought resistance in early generations of common bean populations

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Terán ◽  
Shree P Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For

Availability and use of high-yielding drought-resistant common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars would reduce dependence on irrigation water and production costs, stabilize yield in drought-prone environments, and potentially increase profit margins for growers. Among various selection criteria, seed yield has been found to be the most effective to improve drought resistance in common bean. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of selection for seed yield in drought-stressed (DS) and non-stressed (NS) environments in early generations of common bean populations under field conditions. One hundred thirty-four F2-derived F4 (F2:4) families from each of three double-cross populations (SX 12008, SX 12009, and SX 12010), four parents, and six checks were evaluated in replicated field trials in DS and NS environments at the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Palmira, Colombia during the January to March growing season (1997A). The 30 highest yielding F2:5 families from each population and each environment, four parents, and two checks were again evaluated in replicated trials in their respective DS and NS environments during the June to August growing season (1997B). Three F5:7 lines from each of the four highest yielding F2:5 families from each population and each environment (a total of 72 lines), and nine parents involved in the three populations were evaluated in replicated trials in both DS and NS environments in 1998B and 1999B. Mean yieldof lines selected in the NS environment was significantly higher than the mean of parents in populations SX 12008 and SX 12010 when tested in the NS environment. In population SX 12009, lines selected in the DS environment had higher mean yield than their parents when tested in NS environment. The mean yields of lines selected in the DS and NS environments did not differ significantly when tested in the DS environment in any population. NS environment seed yields were positively correlated with DS yields, geometric mean yield (GM), percent reduction (PR) due to drought stress, and drought susceptibility index (DSI). In contrast, DS and GM yields were negatively correlated with PR and DSI, whereas the association between the latter two was positive. The 100 -seed weight was slightly reduced and mean maturity was accelerated by 2 to 4 d in DS versus NS environments. Considering the extra costs involved to test early generation selections for seed yield in DS environments, it does not appear to be advisable in common bean. Key words: Drought resistance in common bean, early generation yield test, F2-derived family selection, Phaseolus vulgaris, seed yield

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