Agronomic performance and seed quality of Ethiopian mustard in Saskatchewan

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is grown as an oilseed crop in Ethiopia. The agronomic performance and seed quality of 11 B. carinata lines were evaluated for 2 yr in field tests at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, to asses the potential of Ethiopian mustard as an oilseed crop for the Canadian prairies. The B. carinata accessions were 5 d later flowering and 19 d later maturing than the B. napus cultivar Westar. Seed yields of B. carinata were comparable to those of B. napus in 1984, but were much lower than those of B. napus and B. juncea in 1985. Seed of B. carinata had higher protein and lower oil and crude fibre contents than that of B. napus and B. rapa. The fatty acid composition of the oil of B. carinata seed was typical for that of a high erucic acid Brassica oil. Allyl glucosinolate was the only alkenyl glucosinolate found in B. carinata seed meal. A comparison of near isogenic yellow and brown B. carinata lines indicated that, on average, yellow lines produced heavier seed (+ 0.4 g), higher oil (+ 23 g kg−1) and protein (+ 21 g kg−1) and lower crude fibre (− 12 g kg−1) contents than brown lines. Correlation studies showed that seed weight was positively correlated with oil and protein and negatively correlated with fibre content. The results of this study indicated that none of the 11 lines of B. carinata tested was adapted for immediate production on the Canadian prairies. Earlier-maturing, higher-oil-content lines of B. carinata that produce low erucic acid and low glucosinolate seed must be developed before this species can be grown as an oilseed crop in Canada. Key words:Brassica carinata, agronomic performance, seed quality

The inheritance of erucic acid content in Ethiopian mustard

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
J. P. Raney ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Key Words:Brassica

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is a highly productive oilseed crop in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Cultivars currently in production in Ethiopia produce seed which contains 35–40% erucic acid in its oil which is undesirable for human consumption. Zero erucic acid B. carinata has recently been developed. The objective of this study was to investigate the inheritance of erucic acid in progeny of crosses between the high erucic acid cultivars Dodolla and S-67 with the zero erucic acid line C90-14. The erucic acid content of F1 seed born on either the high or low erucic acid parents was intermediate between the parents indicating embryonic control of erucic acid content in B. carinata. Erucic acid contents of backcross seed derived from the backcross to the zero erucic acid parent segregated into three classes with <0.5%, 6–16% and >16% erucic acid at a ratio of 1:2:1 and F2 seed segregated into five classes with a ratio of 1:4:6:4:1. These segregation patterns indicated that erucic acid in B. carinata was controlled by two genes acting in an additive manner with each locus contributing about 10% erucic acid. It was concluded that the B and C genomes of B. carinata each carry one gene for erucic acid synthesis. The knowledge of the inheritance of erucic acid in B. carinata will assist in the development of zero erucic acid B. carinata cultivars. Key words:Brassica carinata, erucic acid, inheritance

scholarly journals In Vitro Production of Somaclones with Decreased Erucic Acid Content in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern&Coss]

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Chitralekha Shyam ◽  
Manoj Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Ravindra Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Brassica junceais a crucial cultivated mustard species and principal oilseed crop of India and Madhya Pradesh, grown for diverse vegetables, condiments, and oilseeds. Somaclonal variation was explored as a probable source of additional variability for the manipulation of fatty acids, especially low erucic acid contents that may be valuable for this commercially important plant species. The plantlets regenerated from tissue cultures (R0), their R1 generation and respective parental lines were compared for morpho-physiological traits and fatty acid profile for the probable existence of somaclonal variations. The first putative somaclone derived from genotype CS54 contained 5.48% and 5.52% erucic acid in R0 and R1 regenerants, respectively, compared to the mother plant (41.36%). In comparison, the second somaclone acquired from PM30 exhibited a complete absence of erucic acid corresponding to its mother plant (1.07%). These putative somaclones present a source of variation for exploitation in the development of future mustard crops with low erucic acid content.

scholarly journals Glyphosate, isolated or in associations, at agronomic performance and seed quality of the RR®2 soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Felipe Moreira Silva ◽  
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Henrique Rodrigues Milagres Viana ◽  
Bruno Flaibam Giovanelli ◽  
Giovani Apolari Ghirardello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Epsps Gene ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Gene Information

ABSTRACT: The “second generation” of glyphosate-tolerant soybean (RR®2 soybean) was developed through a different technique of insertion of the glyphosate-insensitive EPSPs gene. Information on the selectivity of glyphosate, alone or in combination, in RR2 soybean is lacking. This study evaluated the effects of glyphosate, isolated or in associations, applied at post-emergence (V4), at agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2). The experimental design was randomized block with four replications and seven treatments, conducted in the field for two growing seasons. The treatments consisted of glyphosate herbicide, alone or in combination with clethodim, cloransulam, chlorimuron, lactofen and fluazifop, besides the control without application. Analysis was performed for crop injury, Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) index, as well as variables related to agronomic performance (height, number of pods per plant, yield and 1,000-seed weight) and seed quality (vigor, germination, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds). An additional test was conducted with the same cultivar and treatments in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The herbicides did not affect agronomic performance and seed quality of RR2 soybean. Thus, the soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2) was tolerant to glyphosate, alone or combined with other herbicides applied in post-emergence (V4).

Development of zero erucic acid Ethiopian mustard through an interspecific cross with zero erucic acid Oriental mustard

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
J. P. Raney ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Brassica Carinata ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Interspecific Transfer ◽  
Key Words:Brassica ◽  
Oriental Mustard

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is a high-yielding oilseed crop of the Ethiopian highlands, but the seed is high in erucic acid. The objective of this study was to develop zero erucic acid forms in this mustard species. This was achieved through an interspecific transfer of genes for zero erucic acid from Brassica juncea. Key words:Brassica carinata, zero erucic acid

scholarly journals Potential, Cultivation and Quality of Some Crambe Sp. in Southern Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tansi ◽  
Ş. Karaman ◽  
O. Tonҫer ◽  
N. Ҫömlekҫioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Erucic Acid Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Crambe Oil

Abstract Crambe sp. is an oilseed crop from the Brassicae family and native to the Mediterranean region. It can be converted into a number of industrial and energy uses. Crambe oil is used in introducing in stain, primers, plastic and solid wax, cosmetic and engine portions in the form of nylon-13.13 exclude carburetor as eco-friendly. All these properties make it interesting. This study is the first report on yield, cultivation procedure, and quality characteristics of Crambe sp. cultivated in Turkey. Native Crambe seeds, collected from eight different locations in Turkey, were cultivated under Çukurova conditions in Mediterranean region. Two Crambe species, Crambe orientalis and Crambe tataria, determined at the locations were studied, and some morphological characteristics and oil compositions were sown from cultivars and native forms. Fatty acid composition of seeds was examined with GC and GC/MS. In native populations, high seed oil contents were obtained from C. tataria (Ankara - Faculty of Science and Letters) and C. tataria (Kahramanmaraş-Elbistan), as 45.62 and 45.50%, respectively. The highest erucic acid content (49.0 %) was found in C. tataria (Ankara-Bilkent). In Çukurova conditions, despite cultivated all collected species, just C. orientalis was bloom among this species, and so that seed yield (472.77 kg/ha) oil rate (% 27.43) and erucic acid (41.0 %) could determine just this species.

Metabolic changes, agronomic performance, and quality of seeds in soybean with the pat gene after application of glufosinate

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-604
Author(s):  
Alfredo Junior P. Albrecht ◽  
Ivana Paula F. S. de Brito ◽  
Leandro P. Albrecht ◽  
André Felipe M. Silva ◽  
Ana Karollyna A. de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Pat Gene ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Soybean Plants

AbstractThe transgenic Liberty Link® (LL) soybean is tolerant to glufosinate, conferred by the enzyme phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT), which is encoded by the pat gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. Because symptoms of injury can be observed in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants in some situations, this study evaluated the effects of rates of glufosinate on agronomic performance; quality of LL soybean seeds; and the ammonia, glufosinate, and N-acetyl-l-glufosinate concentration (NAG) in soybeans with and without the pat gene after application of increasing glufosinate rates. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted; the first evaluated the selectivity of glufosinate in LL soybeans, and the second evaluated the metabolic changes in soybeans with (LL) and without (RR2) the pat gene, after application of glufosinate. For fieldwork, application of glufosinate at rates up to four times the maximum recommended caused initial injury symptoms (up to 38.5%) in LL soybean plants. However, no negative effect was found on seed quality and agronomic performance of LL plants, including yield. This shows the selectivity of glufosinate promoted by pat gene insertion for application in POST (V4), in LL soybean. For the greenhouse experiment, it was concluded that the LL soybean plants presented high glufosinate metabolism, lower ammonia concentration, and no reduction in dry matter, in comparison with RR2 soybean, after application of high rates of glufosinate.

scholarly journals Influence of nutrition optimization on the main indicators of quality of false flax seeds for cultivation in the south of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
V.V. Gamayunova ◽  
I.S. Moskva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
False Flax ◽  
Scientific Practical

This article highlights the importance of low-investigated and insufficiently widespread oilseed crop of false flax, which can become an alternative to sunflower and other oilseeds. The false flax is unpretentious to growing conditions, it responds well to the optimization of nutrition, italso significantly increases the yield of seeds. Researches were carried out during 2014-2016 on southern Chernozem in the Educational-scientific-practical center of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University with the crop of false flax (variety Stepovyi 1). The optimization of plant nutritionwas investigated by using modern growth-regulating drugs on the background of N15P15K15, that is, on the principles of resource conservation. The influence of nutrition on the main indicators of seed quality was determined.It was determined that depending on thenutrition background not only the level of yield changed but also the quality of seeds. Thus, the protein content considerably increased as well as the conditional harvest per unit of area; the fat content, on the contrary, reducedwith improved nutrition, but in the fatty-acid composition of the oilthe content of the most valuable linoleic acid increased without increasing the amount of erucic acid. According to the research the introduction of false flax crop into production can partially replace the area under the sunflower since it is not inferior to thesunflower on the main criteria of the oil quality as well as on the indicators of its economic efficiency. Keywords: false flax, biopreparations, nutrition optimization, seed quality, fatty- acid composition of oil, fat and protein content.

scholarly journals Untargeted metabolomic analyses reveal the diversity and plasticity of the specialized metabolome in seeds of different Camelina sativa varieties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Boutet ◽  
Léa Barreda ◽  
François Perreau ◽  
Grégory Mouille ◽  
Etienne Delannoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predominant Effect

SummarySeeds produce a myriad of Specialized Metabolites (SMs). Nevertheless, despite the essential role of SMs in the interaction of plants with their environment, studying the ability of crop seeds to produce these protective compounds has been neglected. Camelina is an oilseed crop, whose seeds are characterized by high oil content and a unique composition, including broad SM diversity. We characterized SM landscapes in the seeds of six camelina cultivars grown in the open field and harvested during five consecutive growing seasons. We achieved a comprehensive annotation of camelina seed SMs combining molecular and correlation network analyses, which cluster SMs based on their chemical structures and co-accumulation patterns, respectively. Thus, we were able to evaluate the impact of the genotype and environment on the accumulation of these metabolites. Our data showed surprisingly high and unexplored effects of the environment on the stimulation of the seed-specialized metabolome. Moreover, they emphasize that seed SMs display a much higher environmental plasticity than storage compounds (e.g. oil and proteins). Last, we identified flavonols as the most plastic metabolic class, revealing highly variable accumulation according to the environmental conditions and/or the genotype. This work highlights the predominant effect of the environment on the regulation of the seed-specialized metabolome, with a potential impact on the seed quality of camelina and other crop species.Significance statementSeeds produce a myriad of Specialized Metabolites (SMs) with an essential role in the interaction of plants with their environment. We characterized SM landscapes in the seeds of six camelina cultivars grown in the open field and harvested during five consecutive growing seasons. We highlight the predominant effect of the environment on the regulation of the seed-specialized metabolome, with a potential impact on seed quality of camelina and other crop plant species.

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