Metabolic changes, agronomic performance, and quality of seeds in soybean with the pat gene after application of glufosinate

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-604
Author(s):  
Alfredo Junior P. Albrecht ◽  
Ivana Paula F. S. de Brito ◽  
Leandro P. Albrecht ◽  
André Felipe M. Silva ◽  
Ana Karollyna A. de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Pat Gene ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Soybean Plants

AbstractThe transgenic Liberty Link® (LL) soybean is tolerant to glufosinate, conferred by the enzyme phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT), which is encoded by the pat gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes. Because symptoms of injury can be observed in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants in some situations, this study evaluated the effects of rates of glufosinate on agronomic performance; quality of LL soybean seeds; and the ammonia, glufosinate, and N-acetyl-l-glufosinate concentration (NAG) in soybeans with and without the pat gene after application of increasing glufosinate rates. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted; the first evaluated the selectivity of glufosinate in LL soybeans, and the second evaluated the metabolic changes in soybeans with (LL) and without (RR2) the pat gene, after application of glufosinate. For fieldwork, application of glufosinate at rates up to four times the maximum recommended caused initial injury symptoms (up to 38.5%) in LL soybean plants. However, no negative effect was found on seed quality and agronomic performance of LL plants, including yield. This shows the selectivity of glufosinate promoted by pat gene insertion for application in POST (V4), in LL soybean. For the greenhouse experiment, it was concluded that the LL soybean plants presented high glufosinate metabolism, lower ammonia concentration, and no reduction in dry matter, in comparison with RR2 soybean, after application of high rates of glufosinate.

scholarly journals Quality of Harvested Seed Associated with Soybean Cultivars and Herbicides Under Weed-Free Conditions

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
G. L. Hartman ◽  
L. M. Wax ◽  
W. L. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Field Plots

Different herbicides were applied to soybean plants in field plots planted to different soybean cultivars located at four locations in Illinois between 1997 and 2000. Treatments varied from hand weeded to preemergence herbicides to postemergence herbicides. Soybean seeds were harvested and evaluated for different seed quality parameters. The percentage of seeds infected with Phomopsis spp. ranged from 1 to 40%, and the percentage of seeds infected with Cercospora kikuchii was low, ranging from 0 to 4%. Herbicides had little or no effect on seed quality parameters such as percent germination and incidence of seed pathogens or on protein and oil concentrations. Soybean seed quality was affected by Phomopsis spp. in that there were significant (P ≤ 0.05) inverse correlations between Phomopsis spp. incidence and percentage seed germination. It appears that Phomopsis spp. may be a more prevalent seed pathogen than C. kikuchii for soybean fields in central to northern Illinois.

scholarly journals Glyphosate, isolated or in associations, at agronomic performance and seed quality of the RR®2 soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Felipe Moreira Silva ◽  
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Henrique Rodrigues Milagres Viana ◽  
Bruno Flaibam Giovanelli ◽  
Giovani Apolari Ghirardello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Epsps Gene ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide ◽  
Gene Information

ABSTRACT: The “second generation” of glyphosate-tolerant soybean (RR®2 soybean) was developed through a different technique of insertion of the glyphosate-insensitive EPSPs gene. Information on the selectivity of glyphosate, alone or in combination, in RR2 soybean is lacking. This study evaluated the effects of glyphosate, isolated or in associations, applied at post-emergence (V4), at agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2). The experimental design was randomized block with four replications and seven treatments, conducted in the field for two growing seasons. The treatments consisted of glyphosate herbicide, alone or in combination with clethodim, cloransulam, chlorimuron, lactofen and fluazifop, besides the control without application. Analysis was performed for crop injury, Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) index, as well as variables related to agronomic performance (height, number of pods per plant, yield and 1,000-seed weight) and seed quality (vigor, germination, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds). An additional test was conducted with the same cultivar and treatments in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The herbicides did not affect agronomic performance and seed quality of RR2 soybean. Thus, the soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2) was tolerant to glyphosate, alone or combined with other herbicides applied in post-emergence (V4).

scholarly journals Physiological, isozyme changes and image analysis of popcorn seeds submitted to low temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo César Rodrigues Moreira Catão ◽  
Franciele Caixeta
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Radicle Protrusion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract: This present study aimed to assess seed quality of popcorn seedlings subjected to low temperatures by examining their physiological changes, enzymes, and images. We used a completely randomized design with four replications in a factorial arrangement with four hybrids (P618, AP6002, AP8202, AP8203) and five temperatures (10, 13, 16, 19 and 25 °C). Their physiological quality was assessed through radicle protrusion, germination, dry mass of seedlings and emergence. We have assessed the images of seedlings through their hypocotyl and root lengths; and through rates of automatic force, uniformity and growth, provided by Groundeye. The isozyme expressions were determined for the catalase (CAT - IUBMB: EC 1.11.1.6), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH - IUBMB: EC 1.1.1.1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH - IUBMB: EC: 1.1.1.37) and α-amylase (α-AMY - IUBMB: EC 3.2.1.1). Results show that low temperatures cause a negative effect on seed physiological quality in enzyme expression of CAT, ADH, MDH and α-AMY and on the performance of seedlings. These alterations compromise seed quality. Hybrids AP6002 and AP8203 should be recommended for sowing at up to 16 °C. The Groundeye software was efficient in the analysis of popcorn seedlings and in for the assessment of seed quality when submitted to low temperatures.

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan, Fisiologi, dan Produksi Kedelai terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen dengan Dosis dan Waktu yang Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Firdaus Puja Santana ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Filling Phase ◽  
Soybean Plants

Fertilization is needed to support the growth of soybean plants. Nitrogen is a type of fertilizer that is needed by soybeans in considerable amounts. Aplication of nitrogen at different times is able to affect the production and quality of soybean seeds. The purpose of this study was to attain information about the morphology, physiology, and production responses of two soybean varieties to the supply of N. This research was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor Regency. This study used a completely randomized block design with two factors, namely two soybean varieties consisting of Tanggamus and Biosoy 1, and four combinations of N fertilizer doses that were without N fertilization, fertilized N at planting date, fertilized N at the seed filling phase, and fertilized N at planting date+seed filling phase with two replications. The dosage of urea fertilizer used was 25 kg ha-1, so that the N dosages is obtained 11,5 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of N fertilizers at planting and during the seed filling phase (N3) was an effective time to increase soybean production.   Keywords: fertilization, morphology, seed quality

scholarly journals The Effect of Turnover Intention, Locus of Control, Audit Fee, Work Motivation on the Performance Quality of Medan City Public Accountant Firm

SENTRALISASI ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Holy Maria Basa ◽  
Lidia Yuni Yanti ◽  
Delvi Meilani Br. Pinem ◽  
Dora Kristyna Munthe ◽  
Wirda Lilia
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Negative Effect

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of turnover intention, locus of control, audit fees, and work motivation on the quality of auditor performance at the Medan City Public Accounting Firm in 2021. The choice of the sector in this study is due to very tight competition conditions like now. In this case, the auditor must always maintain their performance so that audit quality is not compromised. Auditors must perform work by professional standards so that trust in the auditor can be maintained. The data used is sourced from quantitative data in the form of questionnaires. Using the Simple Random Sampling technique, a sample of 50 auditors was drawn from five Medan City KAPs.The results showed that locus of control, audit fees, and work motivation had a positive and significant effect on the quality of auditor performance at KAP Medan City. Meanwhile, the turnover intention has a negative effect and does not significantly affect the quality of auditor performance at KAP Medan City. But all variables are affected simultaneously. 

scholarly journals Seed production of new tomato varieties for multi circle hydroponics: first steps

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
I. T. Balashova ◽  
S. M. Sirota ◽  
E. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. P. Vershinina ◽  
S. P. Sivochenko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Vegetable Seed ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
New Varieties

Relevance. Vegetable seed production is a key step in using of new varieties/hybrids in agriculture. The main problem of vegetable seed production is the negative effect of environment to the seed productivity of plants and seeds quality. Usually, vegetable seeds produce in greenhouses in Russia, but special greenhouses are necessary for the obtaining of qualitative seeds. Possibilities different types of greenhouses for seed production of new special tomato varieties for multi circle hydroponics have been studied at this paper.Materials and methods. Materials of study: plants, fruits and seeds of two new tomato varieties Natasha and Timosha. Influence type of plants cultivation on the yield, plant productivity, the middle mass of the fruit and seeds quality have been studied at the two factorial experiment, which has been carried out with help of random repetitions method with 4 repeats. Seed quality has been evaluated by GOST 32 592-2013. Experimental data have been calculated with dispersion analysis by B.A. Dospekhov (1985).Results. It has been established, that the environment of “Rishel” greenhouse (France firm “Rishel”) with polycarbonate cover is optimal for the seed production of new tomato varieties Natasha and Timosha for multi circle hydroponics. The productivity and the yield of seed’s plants were significantly higher in “Rishel” greenhouse, than in the usual greenhouse. The middle mass of one fruit at the plant was significantly higher too. The quality of seeds was in accordance to GOST 32 592-2013 for qualitative tomato seeds (2014).

scholarly journals Physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds produced with alternative potassium sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Zampar Toledo ◽  
Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Rogério Peres Soratto ◽  
João Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Alkaline Rock ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Potassium Sources ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The use of unconventional sources of K for plants has been widely studied, but the effects of alternative materials on physiological seed quality are still relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean and wheat seeds after using different potassium sources in a crop succession. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with four replications. Treatments consisted of three K sources (KCl, alkaline rock and ground phonolite, with 58%, 11% and 8.42% of K2O, respectively) applied in four doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 kg K2O ha-1). Potassium doses were applied in soybean and their residual effects were evaluated on the following wheat crop. Soybean and wheat seeds were evaluated immediately after harvesting by tests for moisture content, seed weight, germination, first count, electrical conductivity, seedling length and seedling dry matter. Soybean plants fertilized with alternative sources of K produced heavier seeds with a lower coat permeability compared to KCl; the physiological quality of soybean seeds and the weight of wheat seeds increase due to higher K2O doses, independently of their source.

scholarly journals Sowing periods, agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean cultivars in the Planosol soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Geison Rodrigo Aisenberg ◽  
Felipe Koch ◽  
Gustavo Zimmer ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Soybean Plants

Understanding of sowing in an ideal season for each region and cultivar is essential for the crop to reach each of its stages in more favorable climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different sowing times on agronomic attributes of two soybean cultivars and the physiological quality of soybean seeds in soil type Eutrophic Haplic Planosol. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a factorial scheme 4 x 2, with four sowing times and two soybean cultivars, with eight replications. The sowing was executed at the beginning and end of November (1st and 2nd epochs) and beginning and end of January (3rd and 4th epochs), using the cultivars: Fundacep 64 RR and BMX Potência RR. The experiment was carried out in polyethylene vessels with volumetric capacity of 10 liters. The morphological attributes of the plants were evaluated, such as: height, stem diameter, number of pods and seeds per plant, 1000 seed weight, as well as seed germination and vigor. Seeding after January 1st negatively affected the agronomic behavior of soybean plants, with reduction of plant height, stem diameter, number of pods and seeds per plant. The sowing on November 1st favored the obtaining of seeds with lower physical quality in terms of 1000 seed weight; however, seeds with superior physiological performance. Late sowing showed an alternative for the production of soybean seeds in the South region of Rio Grande do Sul, mainly due to the higher quality of the seeds produced in this period.

Agronomic performance and seed quality of Ethiopian mustard in Saskatchewan

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) is grown as an oilseed crop in Ethiopia. The agronomic performance and seed quality of 11 B. carinata lines were evaluated for 2 yr in field tests at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, to asses the potential of Ethiopian mustard as an oilseed crop for the Canadian prairies. The B. carinata accessions were 5 d later flowering and 19 d later maturing than the B. napus cultivar Westar. Seed yields of B. carinata were comparable to those of B. napus in 1984, but were much lower than those of B. napus and B. juncea in 1985. Seed of B. carinata had higher protein and lower oil and crude fibre contents than that of B. napus and B. rapa. The fatty acid composition of the oil of B. carinata seed was typical for that of a high erucic acid Brassica oil. Allyl glucosinolate was the only alkenyl glucosinolate found in B. carinata seed meal. A comparison of near isogenic yellow and brown B. carinata lines indicated that, on average, yellow lines produced heavier seed (+ 0.4 g), higher oil (+ 23 g kg−1) and protein (+ 21 g kg−1) and lower crude fibre (− 12 g kg−1) contents than brown lines. Correlation studies showed that seed weight was positively correlated with oil and protein and negatively correlated with fibre content. The results of this study indicated that none of the 11 lines of B. carinata tested was adapted for immediate production on the Canadian prairies. Earlier-maturing, higher-oil-content lines of B. carinata that produce low erucic acid and low glucosinolate seed must be developed before this species can be grown as an oilseed crop in Canada. Key words:Brassica carinata, agronomic performance, seed quality

Vocation Education Quality from Demand Side’s Perspective: The Case of Transport Technology Universities in the North of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1089-1097
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quynh Hoa ◽  
◽  
Phung Chu Hoang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Quality Outcomes ◽  
The North ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Training Quality ◽  
And Training

Quality outcomes from vocational education and training (VET) are fundamental to ensuring a skilled workforce and supporting a productive economy. The quality of vocational training from the demand’s perspective is defined as meeting the customer specification, needs or requirements. Using the method of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Multiple Regression Analysis to get the analytical results of 275 respondents as graduates of University of Transport and Communication, University of Transport Technology (the two universities training on transportation in the North of Vietnam), the results show that factors are measured by the observed variables in the study that ensure reliability and relevance. The descriptive statistics result of vocational training quality is 3.28, while all independent variables are at average level (between 3.1 to 3.48) with the highest value related to the quality of the teacher and the lowest are facilities and training programs and management capacity of university. However, the regression results show that the qualification of the teacher, material facilities and training program, management capacity and job opportunities at the training school do not affect the quality of the training while “Learners-NH” have a great positive effect and the labor market information has a negative effect on the training quality of the school significantly. Base on those data, some policy recommendations have been given out in order to improve the training quality of transport technology universities in the north of Vietnam in particular and the vocational training quality of Vietnam in general.

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