Rajeunissement de clones matures d'Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.) par microgreffage in vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Perrin ◽  
L. Lardet ◽  
F. Enjalric ◽  
M. P. Carron
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Juvenile Material ◽  
In Vitro Micrografting ◽  
Positive Effect

In vitro micrografting of apices of two mature genotypes of Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.), IRCA 18 and PB 235, on 3-wk-old seedlings grown in vitro permitted successfull in vitro micro-cutting of these two genotypes. Microcutting of micrografted material was impossible from nodal explants or shoot tips of scions developed in vitro on rootstocks. Such explants were incapable of caulogenesis activity after their isolation. This problem was resolved using mixed explants, each consisting of a part of the rootstock in contact with the culture medium, and of the clonal scion from which axillary shoots are developed regularly along the subcultures. Budding and shoot elongation abilities along the subcultures have been compared between mixed explants from micrografts, nodal explants from juvenile material and nodal explants from non-micrografted mature genotypes. The results show a very positive effect of micrografting on the in vitro caulogenesis ability in both genotypes. Moreover, shoots produced by mixed explants from micrografts exhibit the same rooting ability as shoots produced by explants collected on juvenile material. Key words: Rejuvenation, Hevea brasiliensis, in vitro micrografting, micropropagation, in vitro microcutting

scholarly journals Rheological and Microstructural Features of Plant Culture Media Doped with Biopolymers: Influence on the Growth and Physiological Responses of In Vitro-Grown Shoots of Thymus lotocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-553
Author(s):  
Natacha Coelho ◽  
Alexandra Filipe ◽  
Bruno Medronho ◽  
Solange Magalhães ◽  
Carla Vitorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Plant Culture

In vitro culture is an important biotechnological tool in plant research and an appropriate culture media is a key for a successful plant development under in vitro conditions. The use of natural compounds to improve culture media has been growing and biopolymers are interesting alternatives to synthetic compounds due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, and availability. In the present study, different culture media containing one biopolymer (chitosan, gum arabic) or a biopolymer derivative [hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)], at 100 or 1000 mg L−1, were tested regarding their influence on the growth and physiological responses of Thymus lotocephalus in vitro culture. Cellulose-based biopolymers (HEC and CMC) and gum arabic were used for the first time in plant culture media. The results showed that CMC at 100 mg L−1 significantly improved shoot elongation while chitosan, at the highest concentration, was detrimental to T. lotocephalus. Concerning only the evaluated physiological parameters, all tested biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives are safe to plants as there was no evidence of stress-induced changes on T. lotocephalus. The rheological and microstructural features of the culture media were assessed to understand how the biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to the culture medium could influence shoot growth. As expected, all media presented a gel-like behaviour with minor differences in the complex viscosity at the beginning of the culture period. Most media showed increased viscosity overtime. The surface area increased with the addition of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives to the culture media and the average pore size was considerably lower for CMC at 100 mg L−1. The smaller pores of this medium might be related to a more efficient nutrients and water uptake by T. lotocephalus shoots, leading to a significant improvement in shoot elongation. In short, this study demonstrated that the different types of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to culture medium can modify their microstructure and at the right concentrations, are harmless to T. lotocephalus shoots growing in vitro, and that CMC improves shoot length.

scholarly journals Mass Propagation of Feronia limonia L. through Tissue Culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahina Islam ◽  
Mosfequa Zahan ◽  
Shahina Akter ◽  
Tanjina Akhtar Banu ◽  
Ahashan Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Mass Propagation

An efficient mass propagation method for Feronia limonia was developed from excised shoot tips and nodal explants of in vitro grown seedlings. Explants were cultured on MS medium with different conc. of NAA, Kn, IAA and BAP singly or in combinations. Highest number of micro shoots and better plant growth were obtained from these two explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l BAP alone. The regenerated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The in vitro raised plantlets were successfully established in soil following the formation of roots with 100% survivability under ex vitro condition. Key words: Feronia limonia; Mass propagation; Node; Shoot tips; Multiple shoot DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i1.5186 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(1), 75-78, 2010

scholarly journals Essential factors for in vitro regeneration of rose and a protocol for plant regeneration from leaves 

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Anber Mahmoud Ahmed Hassanein ◽  
Inas Mohamed Ali Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Better Than

In vitro propagation of Rosa hybrida, L. cv. ‘Eiffel Tower’ was improved by the addition of thidiazuron (TDZ) and silver nitrate (AgNo<sub>3</sub>) to the culture medium. The combination of auxin and cytokinins was indispensable for inducing response from leaf discs. Maintaining cultures under dark was better than light for callus formation and quality. The source of explants was vital in the regeneration process wherein situ explants produced callus while, in vitro explants regenerated somatic embryos and shoots. Gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) had a favorable effect where in vitro explants showed somatic embryogenesis with no shoots on media containing TDZ however, 37% of explants regenerated shoots directly on medium containing GA<sub>3</sub>. The presence of benzyl adenine (BA) was essential for shoot elongation, and indole butyric acid (IBA) was better than indole acetic acid (IAA) for rooting. The optimum conditions produced rooted plants from leaf discs within ten weeks. The reported results clarify factors controlling in vitro regeneration of R. hybrida, and provide a rapid protocol allowing further improvements of rose. 

scholarly journals 899 PB 534 MICROPROPAGATION OF ILIAMNA REMOTA, KANKAKEE MALLOW

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 562f-562
Author(s):  
Sherry L. Hilscher ◽  
John E. Preece
Keyword(s):  
Nodal Explants ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Bright Pink ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Kankakee mallow is an endangered herbaceous perennial that is indigenous to Kankakee County, Illinois. Stock plants were from seeds pretreated in 82°C water prior to greenhouse germination and growth. Nodal explants were disinfested and placed in vitro onto agar-solidified MS medium containing 0, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 μM BA and 1.0 μM IBA. Axillary shoots grew and elongated best when the medium contained no cytokinin. BA tended to result in a rosette pattern of leaves. Within hours of placing the original explants in vitro and shortly after subsequent transfers were made (even when there was no cutting) a bright pink exudate appeared in the medium. The most vigorous cultures tended to form the most exudate. Microshoots were placed in a high humidity container in vermiculite wetted with water. Rooting was 50% without auxin. Plants were transplanted into pots containing peat-lite medium and successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse.

scholarly journals In Vitro Shoot Culture of Sesuvium portulacastrum: An Important Plant for Phytoremediation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Weihong He ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Dingding Cao ◽  
Xiaofeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sesuvium Portulacastrum ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Aquaculture Wastewater ◽  
Recent Occurrence ◽  
Disease Free

Sesuvium portulacastrum L., a member of the family Aizoaceae, is an important coastal halophyte. Due to its adaptability to salinity and heavy metals, S. portulacastrum has now been widely used for the phytoremediation of saline soils and wastewater and the protection of the coast from erosion. The increasing use of this plant requires a large number of propagules. Stem cutting propagation and seed germination cannot meet this demand, and such propagations can initiate and spread diseases. A recent occurrence of Bipolaris sesuvii J.Z. Zhang and Gibbago trianthemae E.G. Simmons in S. portulacastrum resulted in the substantial loss of the plants during the remediation of aquaculture wastewater. Thus, there is an urgent need for establishing efficient methods of propagating disease-free starting materials. In the present study, we evaluated different growth regulators in the induction of axillary shoots from nodal explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium and identified that zeatin (ZT) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was an appropriate combination for inducing high numbers of axillary shoots. The nodal explants were then cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of ZT and NAA, and the combination of ZT at 1.0 mg L−1 and NAA at 0.3 mg L−1 induced more than 12 axillary shoots per explant. The axillary shoots were excised to produce microcuttings or microshoots, which were rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The results showed that IBA at 0.6 mg L−1 induced 91.7% of the microcuttings to root with root numbers of over 36 per cutting. The rooted plantlets were healthy and true-to-type and grew vigorously in plug trays or plastic containers with a 100% survey rate in a greenhouse. Thus, this established protocol could be used for the rapid propagation of genetically identical and disease-free plants of S. portulacastrum for phytoremediation and the protection of shoreline soils from erosion.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Isoplexis chalcantha Svent, O´Shanahan from Mature Plants

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mederos-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Modified Ms Medium ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Culture medium requirements for micropropagation of Isoplexis chalcantha was achieved for the first time after high degree of contamination and phenolic exudates were detected and solved. Cultures were established from axillary shoots using juvenile branches collected from this medicinal plant. Most satisfying results were obtained using a solidified and a modified MS medium (NO3- : NH4+ ratios) enriched with ascorbic acid or soluble PVP plus GA3, BAP and NAA. Explants (nodal segments) were used for in vitro shoots multiplication and best results were achieved with modified MS plus BAP and auxins. Vigorous shoots rooted without symptoms in the half-strength modified MS enriched with low concentration of IBA. Key words: Isoplexis chalcantha, axillary shoots, contamination, phenolic exudates, culture media, NO3- : NH4+ ratios D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v18i2.3395 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 131-137, 2008 (December)

Rajeunissement chez le Sequoia sempervirens: effets du microgreffage in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1772-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tranvan ◽  
F. Bardat ◽  
M. Jacques ◽  
Y. Arnaud
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Leafy Shoots ◽  
In Vitro Micrografting

In vitro micrografting of Sequoia sempervirens was used as a rejuvenation method: apices were collected from in vitro cultured shoots issued from a 500-year-old tree; the rootstocks originated from a 1-year-old tree. Only a few grafted apices survived. Once producing leafy shoots, they exhibited some juvenile morphological and physiological characteristics. Some scions were isolated and rooted in a new medium. Although the restoration of the orthotropy is very difficult, a few of the rooted plantlets were orthotropic and this characteristic was maintained after acclimatization in greenhouses. Therefore, the in vitro micrografting of Sequoia sempervirens can be considered as a rejuvenation method that must be improved. Key words: Sequoia sempervirens, in vitro micrografting, rejuvenation, orthotropy.

scholarly journals Bauhinia forficata link shoot regeneration: histological analysis of organogenesis pathway

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia O. Mello ◽  
Murilo Melo ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Bauhinia Forficata

Plant regeneration was achieved from cells of callus induced from hypocotyl segments of Bauhinia forficata on half strength Murashige and Skoog culture medium supplemented with several concentrations of BAP. Within 40 days of culture shoot buds formation was observed on callus surface. Calli were then transferred to a same composition culture medium without plant growth regulator in order to induce shoot elongation. Histological studies indicated that in vitro plant regeneration in B. forficata occurred through indirect organogenesis. Meristemoids consisting of small cells with dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei were randomly distributed throughout the callus surface indicating early stages of shoot bud differentiation. Shoots developed de novo from superficial layers of cells and the pattern of shoot origin and development were very similar to those previously described for other leguminous species.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Campomanesia rufa: An endangered fruit species

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecília Ramos de Oliveira Sant’Ana ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Michele Valquíria dos Reis ◽  
Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa da Silva ◽  
Luciano Coutinho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Number Of Shoots

ABSTRACT The Campomanesia rufa is a fruitful species native from Brazil considered as endangered by the IUC (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and low information regarding its propagation is available. In this context, the aim of the present study was to develop in vitro germination, micropropagation and callogenesis protocols for the species. For in vitro germination, seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with GA3 (gibberellic acid) and for shoot induction, the medium was supplemented with three different cytokinins BA (benzyladenine), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) or TDZ (Thidiazuron). For shoot growth, culture medium containing BA, BAP, TDZ were maintained under white fluorescent lamps and blue:red light-emitting diodes (LED). GA3 was also tested on in vitro shoot elongation. For oxidation control, the medium was supplemented with PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and for callus induction, 2.4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The results showed 68% germination regardless of GA3 concentration. In the propagation stage, BAP at 4.5 µM induced a higher number of shoots (4.53) and LED lamps as the light source combined with the culture medium with 1 μM BAP induced a higher number of shoots (4.08). The highest average of C. rufa length (31.9 mm) was obtained using 8.8 µM GA3. The use of PVP (584.3 uM) controls up to 27.3% oxidation in young leaf explants. The use of 10 µM 2.4-D leads to a higher callus formation (58.7 %). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of BAP is efficient in the induction of shoots, PVP controls oxidation leaf segments, and 2.4-D induces callus in C. rufa.

Micro-cloning of an economic rattan palm Calamus thwaitesii for eco-restoration programme

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achuthan Hemanthakumar ◽  
Thankappan Preetha ◽  
Padmesh Pillai ◽  
Peringatulli Krishnan ◽  
Sooriamuthu Seeni
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Genetic Fidelity ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Parental Origin ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Calamus Thwaitesii

AbstractAxillary shoots were induced from shoot tip of Calamus thwaitesii suckers on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L N6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/L each of thidiazuron and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The shoots initiated were subcultured to fresh media of the same composition for shoot multiplication and multiplied shoots were transferred to half strength MS hormone-free media for shoot elongation. The elongated shoots (∼5cm) were then re-cultured to the media supplemented with 3.0 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid/4.0 mg/L NAA to raise plantlets which were subsequently analysed for genetic fidelity using inter simple sequence repeat markers. Out of 183 bands scored, 178 bands were monomorphic indicating 97.2% similarity. The observed low level of polymorphism between genotypes supports genetic consistency of these micro-clones that are likely to be genetically true to their parental origin. The clones thus obtained were hardened in the specially fabricated mist house at 29 ±2°C and 80±5% relative humidity for 3 months followed by shifting to green house for another 3 months of nursery establishment. The established plants when reintroduced to the selected forest segments of the Western Ghats, Kerala (India) showed 79.3% survival rate after 2 years of field transfer. The viable and highly reproducible in vitro cloning protocol demonstrated here for the first time can be used for the production of elite female clones for aforestation activities and sustained delivery of high quality raw materials to cane processing units for strengthening cane industry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document