Influence of summer cutting and fertilizer application on Altai wild rye in winter

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Willms
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Winter Grazing

The effects of summer cutting and fertilizer application treatments on Altai wild rye (Elymus angustus Trin.) yield and nutritive value in winter were examined in a 3-yr study in the Chernozemic Black soils of the foothills region in southwestern Alberta. Regrowth after harvest had significantly decreased acid detergent fiber (ADF) and increased crude protein (CP), phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca) by January but decreased forage yield and plant height in regrowth after cutting. Fertilizer application significantly (P < 0.05) increased dry matter yields and the concentration of CP, P, and Ca, while decreasing the concentration of ADF. Forage decreased in nutritive value, as determined by the concentration of each constituent, until November; after that, changes were no longer significant (P < 0.05). However, the effects of either fertilizer or cutting treatments on the nutritive value were generally maintained to the end of the sampling period in March. Fertilizer application made access to standing forage easier for cattle in winter, as defined by plant height, but summer cutting reduced it. Cutting and fertilizer application can be used to improve the nutritive value of forage in winter to meet the requirements of dry pregnant beef cows, but this requires substantial fertilizer application. Rather than applying high rates of fertilizer, it may be advantageous to supplement nutrients to livestock on winter pasture.Key words: Winter grazing, forage quality, weathering losses

scholarly journals Forage yield and nutritive value of hay from sorghum-sudangrass hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e95991110508
Author(s):  
Hosnerson Renan de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo ◽  
Ingrid Thalia Prado de Castro ◽  
Mário Henrique Melo e Lima ◽  
Luiza Maria Gigante Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
High Forage

The objective was to evaluate agronomically nine sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense) and the nutritive value of their respective hays. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 3 × 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. Three cuts were made: 42 days after germination, 29 days after regrowth, and 28 days after the second regrowth. All hybrids showed a higher number of plants ha–1 (P < 0.05) in the second cut. For the green matter and dry matter production of the hays, the values ranged from 49.16 to 62.07 t ha–1 and 9.07 to 11.43 t ha–1, respectively. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in dry matter, mineral matter, or ether extract. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 810, 1013016, and 1624F016 showed higher values of crude protein (CP) of 16.49, 16.17, 16.08, and 15.88%, respectively. Differences were observed (P < 0.05) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 802, 1013021, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006 presented lower levels of NDF (60.57, 60.74, 62.15, 62.37, 62.58, and 64.70%, respectively). The hybrids BRS 802, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006, stood out above the others, presenting high forage yield and adequate nutritive value (CP content >13% and NDF content <65%).

scholarly journals Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Francirose Shigaki ◽  
Rosane Cláudia Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Ribeiro Jesus ◽  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
B Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fermentation Period

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P < 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.

Plant and animal responses of elephant grass pasture-based systems mixed with pinto peanut

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
A. C. Vieira ◽  
C. J. Olivo ◽  
C. B. Adams ◽  
J. C. Sauthier ◽  
L. R. Proença ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
High Density ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Grazing Systems

AbstractThe effects of growing pinto peanut mixed with elephant grass-based pastures are still little known. The aim of the current research was to evaluate the performance of herbage yield, nutritive value of forage and animal responses to levels of pinto peanut forage mass mixed with elephant grass in low-input systems. Three grazing systems were evaluated: (i) elephant grass-based (control); (ii) pinto peanut, low-density forage yield (63 g/kg of dry matter – DM) + elephant grass; and (iii) pinto peanut, high-density dry matter forage yield (206 g/kg DM) + elephant grass. The experimental design was completely randomized with the three treatments (grazing systems) and three replicates (paddocks) in split-plot grazing cycles. Forage samples were collected to evaluate the pasture and animal responses. Leaf blades of elephant grass and the other companion grasses of pinto peanut were collected to analyse the crude protein, in vitro digestible organic matter and total digestible nutrients. The pinto peanut, high-density dry matter forage yield + elephant grass treatment was found to give the best results in terms of herbage yield, forage intake and stocking rate, as well as having higher crude protein contents for both elephant grass and the other grasses, followed by pinto peanut with low-density forage yield + elephant grass and finally elephant grass alone. Better results were found with the grass–legume system for pasture and animal responses.

Effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
B. B. Singh ◽  
Ravendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Yield And Quality

A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Botany, Janta Mahavidiyalaya Ajeetmal, Auraiya (C. S. J. M. University, Kanpur) during 2014, to evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize. 3 treatments were taken up (viz.,T1 75, T2 100 and T3 125 kg nitrogen ha-1 along with control (T0).Plant height, dry matter accumulations (t ha-1), forage yield (t ha-1) increased with increasing levels of nitrogen, while stem diameters (cm), leaf area (cm2), fresh weight (g), crude protein percent decreased with increasing levels of nitrogen.

scholarly journals Evaluation of corn-soybean inter-cropping systems in southwestern Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Ahmad Seyar Azizi ◽  
Ikuo Kobayashi ◽  
Jonathan Chuuka ◽  
Genki Ishigaki
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Corn Plants

To assess the effects of inter-cropping corn and soybean under southwestern Japan’s climatic conditions, 5 different treatments were compared, namely: CW (mono-cropped corn - weeded); CTW (corn + soybean cv. Tachinagaha - weeded); CT (corn + soybean cv. Tachinagaha - unweeded); CSW (corn + soybean cv. Suzukaren - weeded); and CS (corn + soybean cv. Suzukaren - unweeded). Parameters measured were height, yield, nutrient composition of corn and soybean and the numbers of Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica). Plant height of mono-cropped corn was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of corn in most of the inter-cropped treatments. The number of Japanese beetles had increased dramatically, especially on unweeded inter-cropped treatments, at 55 DAS (days after sowing). Fresh and dry matter yields (FMY and DMY) of corn did not differ among treatments (P>0.05), while CTW treatment produced higher FMY and DMY for soybean (P<0.05) than in CSW and CS. Weeding tended to reduce the number of Japanese beetles on soybean plants, but it did not affect yield of soybean in this study. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations in corn cobs, whole corn plants and whole soybean plants did not differ among treatments (P>0.05), while crude protein (CP) concentration in whole corn plants in CTW exceeded (P<0.05) those for mono-cropped corn and CSW treatments. These results indicated that soybean can be successfully inter-cropped with corn in southwestern Japan. Soybean plants may be infested with Japanese beetles. It is advisable to control weeds in the stands to reduce the level of beetle infestation and to minimize competition for the planted crops.

Diversity in Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) germplasm for morphology, yield and molecular markers and their correlations

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Takawale ◽  
S. S. Jade ◽  
R. A. Bahulikar ◽  
J. S. Desale
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Internodal Length ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Fodder

Lucerne is an important legume forage grown worldwide due to its high nutritive value, yield potential, quality and survival under highly contrasting environments. Estimation of genetic diversity in germplasm is an important criterion in breeding programme and is done based on phenotypic characters, biochemical and molecular markers. Thirty one accessions of Lucerne collected from Maharashtra and Gujarat were evaluated for morphological, yield characters, molecular markers and were compared with national check RL-88. The diversity analysis of morphological and yield characters indicated wide range of variation within the accessions. The accession RLG 08-1 recorded significant differences for plant height, number of tillers per plant, internodal length, green fodder, dry matter and crude protein yield (P 0.05) over RL-88. Green fodder yield was significantly correlated with plant height (0.72**), no. of tillers per plant (0.71**) and internodal length (0.71**). Dry matter yield was found significantly correlated with plant height, no. of tillers per plant, internodal length and crude protein yield (0.70**, 0.69**, 0.70** and 0.99**). Leaf stem ratio was not linearly correlated with green fodder, dry matter and crude protein yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the first two PCs contributed to 93.7% of total variance among the accessions. The accession RLG 08-1 was found superior among all the accessions. Thirteen Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) markers showed 82.8% polymorphism. The dendrogram revealed slight geographical structuring and RLG 08-1 was found genetically distinct from other accessions.Mantel correlation was not observed between morphological and yield characters as well as molecular markers.

scholarly journals Qualitative parameters of pearl millet silage ammoniated with urea, at different compaction densities

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 679-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliane Meire Dias de Freitas ◽  
Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho ◽  
Edson Mauro Santos ◽  
Gherman Garcia Leal Araújo ◽  
Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Population Count ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Matter Basis

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of urea ammoniation of pearl millet silage, at different compaction densities, on chemical composition, losses in the ensilage process, fermentation profile, microbial population count, and aerobic stability. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement, with two compaction densities (600 and 800 kg m-3) and four urea levels (0, 2, 4, and 6% on a dry matter basis), with five replicates. For the aerobic stability assay, the experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement, with two times (0 and 72 hours) and four urea levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%, on dry matter basis), with five replicates. The urea levels interacted significantly with density as to the contents of organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent insoluble protein, and as to dry matter recovery; and with exposure hours as to the contents of acid detergent fiber and lignin. Molds and yeasts were not observed in the ammoniated silages. The 800 kg m-3 density reduced losses in the fermentation process of pearl millet silage, and promoted better nutritive value than the compaction at 600 kg m-3. The use of urea does not reduce losses and does not improve the aerobic stability of silages; however, it controls mold growth after silage exposure to air.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Vetch Varieties/Genotypes for Their Agronomic Performance and Nutritive Value in Selected Midland of East Guji Zone, Adola, Southern Oromia and Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Teshale Jabessa ◽  
Zinash Amare ◽  
Genet Dejene
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin

A study was conducted to identify adaptability, high biomass and dry matter and grain yielder of vetch varieties/genotypes at Bore Agricultural Research Center Adola sub-site. The three vetch varieties/genotypes tested were Vicia dasycarpa, Lalisa and 5187. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was employed to evaluate the variety. The result revealed that date of 50% flowering, date of maturity, pod length per plant and plant height was significantly different (at p<0.05) between treatments. The early flowered genotype was 5187 (62 days) and late flowered variety was recorded from Vicia dasycarpa (79.9 days). The highest value of plant height was measured from Lalisa variety, while the shortest plant height was recorded from 5187 genotypes (67.7 cm). Date of 50% emergency, pod per plant, fresh biomass yield and grain yield and chemical composition dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fiber (ADF), total ash content (TASH) and organic matter (OM) did not show significant difference between treatments at (P>0.05). Numerically had different values. Both the highest fresh biomass yield and grain yield was obtained from Lalisa variety (2.9 t/ha) and 22.7 qt/ha respectively. The lowest value of biomass and grain yielder was produced from 5187 accessions (1.9 t/ha) and Vicia dasycarpa 11.3 qt/ha. Lalisa variety was highest in organic matter (OM), total ash content (TASH), crude protein (CP) and less in neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) content while, Vicia dayscarpa was highest in crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent (NDF) and less in organic matter (OM), content total ash content (TASH) and crude protein (CP) content, 5187 genotype had the highest in dry matter (DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and less in crude protein (CP) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content than the rest accessions. The result of this study implied that Lalisa variety was well adapted and being productive regarding the plant height, biomass yield and seed yield. Lalisa variety, which is hopeful to fill the gap of low quantity ruminant feed supply of the community in the study area. Based on its adaptable, high biomass, high plant height, high grain yield, good CP and OM Lalisa is recommended for further promotion in the midland of East Guji zone.

Winter weathering effects on corn grown for grazing in a short-season area

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
V. S. Baron ◽  
H. G. Najda ◽  
D. H. McCartney ◽  
M. Bjorge ◽  
G. W. Lastiwka
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Winter Grazing

Winter grazing can reduce over-winter feeding costs of beef cows and, recently, the selection and marketing of corn (Zea mays L.) varieties for grazing has increased the interest of Alberta beef producers. The objective of this study was to compare grazing corn varieties with early conventional corn hybrids for winter grazing potential. Five corn varieties (one grazing, one short-stature and three conventional types) were compared for whole-plant yield and forage quality at Lacombe and Brooks, AB, at four harvest times (two in September, one in December and one in January), in each of 2 yr. Forage quality analyses were in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM), neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude protein concentration. Averaged over varieties and years, yield decreased (P ≤ 0.05) by 13% between September and January at Lacombe, and by 39 and 16% at Brooks in 1999 and 2000, respectively. At Brooks, yield losses from September to January, averaged over years were 38 to 18% for a grazing and a conventional variety, respectively. At Lacombe, IVDOM concentration declined (P ≤ 0.05) by 6.3 and 3.6% between September and January during 1999 and 2000, respectively; NDF concentration increased (P ≤ 0.05) by 10% over the same interval for both years. At Lacombe there were no differences among varieties for nutritive value by January harvests. Trends for reduced forage quality with harvest were not clear at Brooks but the grazing-type variety had higher (P ≤ 0.05) NDF and ADF concentrations than the other varieties after the first harvest. In general, projected energy and crude protein concentrations of corn during winter exceeded minimum requirements an were adequate, respectively, for non-lactating, pregnant beef cows. Grazing and short stature corn varieties were not superior to early conventional corn genotypes for winter grazing potential. Thus, choice of variety for winter grazing should be made on the basis of cost of production and early maturity. Key words: Weathering, corn, Zea mays L., nutritive value, yield loss, winter grazing potential

Influence of Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) on Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Forage and Its Utilization by Goats

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Gilles D. Leroux ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
Neal A. Jorgensen ◽  
Michael Collins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Animal Utilization

The chemical composition and the utilization by domestic goats (Capra hircusL. ‘Saanen’) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay and silage that contained or did not contain hoary alyssum [Berteroa incana(L.) DC. ♯ BEFIN] was studied. Alfalfa was higher in quality than hoary alyssum; crude protein (CP) was 38% higher, and the neutral- and acid-detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) were 18 and 29% lower, respectively. Less CP and more ADF were found in weedy hay than in other forages. Animal utilization, as measured by the dry-matter intake, digestible dry-matter intake, relative intake, and nutritive value index were greater for weed-free than for weedy forages. Hoary alyssum was more deleterious in chopped silage than in long hay, because of selective refusal of the weed by goats that were fed hay. The presence of hoary alyssum in alfalfa decreased its utilization by ruminants.

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