Effects of seed hydration on agronomic performance of wheat, barley and oats in central Alberta

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Kibite ◽  
K. N. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seed Pretreatment ◽  
Moisture Conditions

A method of seed pretreatment called "seed hydration" has been proposed as a means of enhancing the ability of seed to germinate at suboptimal moisture conditions. A study was carried out to determine the effects of seed hydration on days to seedling emergence, days to anthesis, days to mature, grain yield and other agronomic characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) in central Alberta. Results from three field experiments carried out in 1986 and 1987 revealed that seed hydration had no effect on crops sown in moist soils, but on crops sown in dry soils, it increased the uniformity of seedling emergence and shortened (by about 1 or 2 d) the number of days to 50% seedling emergence. However, this 1–2 d advantage in seedling emergence did not affect grain yield or any of the other characteristics investigated. Key words: Oat, barley, wheat seed hydration, maturity, test weight

EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC SEED TREATMENT ON YIELDS OF BARLEY, WHEAT, AND OATS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. J. PITTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Southern Alberta

Preseeding magnetic treatment of barley seed (Hordeum vulgare L.) resulted in seed yield increases in 13 of 19 field tests in southern Alberta from 1972 and 1975. Similarly, treatment of spring and winter wheat seed (Triticum aestivum L.) resulted in yield increases in 14 of 23 tests. Otas (Avena sativa L.) showed no yield response to magnetic treatment of the seed. Within specified limits, date of treatment before seeding, strength of magnetic field, make or model of the magnetic treater used appeared to have no appreciable effect on the response elicited by the seed and the resultant plant.

EFFECT OF FORAGE HARVEST ON GRAIN YIELD AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF WINTER TRITICALE, WHEAT AND RYE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. W. POYSA
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Winter Triticale

In field experiments at Guelph, Ontario four winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) genotypes, one winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), and one winter rye (Secale cereale L.) were evaluated during three seasons for grain yield, forage yield, and agronomic performance following forage harvests at two stages of plant development in the spring. When the results were averaged across all the winter cereals, spring cuttings decreased final plant height and incidence of lodging and delayed the heading date by up to 2 wk, but did not consistently affect test weight. The early joint forage harvest reduced average grain yields by 6% while the mid-joint harvest, about 1 wk later, reduced yields by 28%. The early joint harvest yielded, on average, 1.5 tonnes/ha of forage while the mid-joint harvest yielded 2.2 tonnes/ha. OAC Wintri triticale, however, yielded, on average, 0.5 tonnes/ha more grain following the early joint harvest than the uncut control. Forage cutting of OAC Wintri might be an effective method for obtaining additional forage production, reducing lodging, and increasing grain yield in years when spring vegetative growth is luxuriant.Key words: Forage harvest, spring cutting, triticale (winter), wheat (winter), rye (winter), lodging, grain yield

Effect of cultivar on response of wheat and barley to chloride fertilization

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Mohr ◽  
C. C. Bernier ◽  
D. N. Flaten ◽  
G. J. Racz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield Responses

Crop cultivar has been shown to affect the frequency and magnitude of yield responses to chloride (Cl−) fertilizer applications. Information regarding the Cl− responsiveness of cereal cultivars commonly grown in western Canada is limited, however. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba in 1990 and 1991 to determine the effect of Cl− fertilization on plant nutrient status, grain yield and grain quality of Katepwa, Roblin, Biggar and Marshall wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and of Bedford, Brier, Argyle and Heartland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Chloride fertilization increased the concentration of Cl− in plant tissue of all cultivars. Increased grain yield and improved grain quality due to Cl− fertilization occurred more frequently in wheat than in barley; however, cultivars within a species differed in Cl− responsiveness. The application of 50 kg Cl− ha−1 significantly increased grain yield for Heartland barley by 905 kg ha−1 in one of four experiments, for Roblin wheat by 492 kg ha−1 in one of four experiments, for Biggar wheat by an average 333 kg ha−1 in two of four experiments and for Marshall wheat by an average 363 kg ha−1 in two of four experiments. However, the application of 50 kg Cl− ha−1 resulted in significant reduction in grain yield for Bedford in one of four experiments and for Marshall in one of four experiments. Yield responses to Cl− were not related to soil Cl− content or Cl− concentration in plant tissue. Key words: Chloride, fertilizers, wheat, barley, cultivars, yield

scholarly journals Assessment of foliar-applied phosphorus fertiliser formulations to enhance phosphorus nutrition and grain production in wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese M. McBeath ◽  
Evelina Facelli ◽  
Courtney A. E. Peirce ◽  
Viran Kathri Arachchige ◽  
Michael J. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Isotopic Dilution ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser ◽  
P Application ◽  
P Recovery ◽  
Fertiliser Application

The ability to utilise foliar-applied phosphorus (P) as a strategy to increase the P status and yield of grain crops grown in dryland regions with variable climates is attractive. Several P formulations with varying pH, accompanying cations and adjuvants were tested for their effectiveness as foliar fertilisers for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants, first under controlled and then under field conditions. Experiments under controlled conditions suggested that several formulations with specific chemistries offered promise with respect to wheat fertiliser-P recovery and biomass responses. These formulations were then evaluated in two field experiments, and although wheat grown at the sites showed substantive responses to soil-applied P, there was no significant grain-yield response to foliar-applied P. Following the limited responses to foliar-applied fertiliser in the field, we used an isotopic dilution technique to test the hypothesis that the variation in responses of wheat to foliar addition of P could be explained by a mechanism of substitution, whereby root P uptake is downregulated when P is taken up through the leaves, but this was proven not to be the case. We conclude that foliar P application cannot be used as a tactical fertiliser application to boost grain yield of wheat in dryland regions.

No-till alfalfa stand termination strategies: Alfalfa control and wheat and barley production

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Bullied ◽  
M. H. Entz ◽  
S. R. Smith Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Unique Problem ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
No Till ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
The Relationship

Crop rotations involving perennial alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) present the unique problem of terminating the alfalfa stand. Intensive tillage currently used to terminate alfalfa increases the risk of soil erosion and reduces many of the rotational benefits from alfalfa. Inadequate alfalfa termination results in severe competition to the following crop by surviving alfalfa plants. Field experiments were conducted in Manitoba between 1991 and 1993 with the following objectives: 1) to investigate no-till vs. tillage management systems for successful alfalfa termination, 2) to compare fall vs. spring alfalfa termination, 3) to compare the performance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeded into alfalfa residue, and 4) to determine the relationship between alfalfa escapes and grain yield. Fall termination produced higher grain yields than spring termination, however this advantage was only achieved with the better termination treatments capable of lowering alfalfa regrowth below a critical level. The best herbicide treatment tested here was glyphosate at 1.78 kg a.i. ha−1. Successful treatments would have to reduce residual alfalfa basal crown area (a measure of alfalfa regrowth potential) after cereal grain harvest to below 2%. Alfalfa escapes reduced yield of following wheat and barley crops similarly (P > 0.05). When alfalfa termination treatment method allowed some regrowth, in-crop herbicide treatments significantly reduced alfalfa basal crown area. Results of this study indicate that it is feasible to terminate alfalfa with herbicides in the absence of tillage, however an overall cropping strategy, including adequate consideration of weeds present in alfalfa fields at time of termination, must be considered. Key words: Herbicides, competition, recropping, no-till, alfalfa regrowth, soil conservation, sustainable cropping

Effect of sowing rate on grain yield, kernel weight, and grain protein percentage of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in northern New South Wales

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Doyle ◽  
RW Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
South Wales

The effect of sowing rate (10-110 kg/ha) on the grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was determined from a total of 20 field experiments conducted in northern New South Wales from 1983 to 1986. Effects of sowing rate on kernel weight and grain protein percentage were also determined from 12 experiments conducted in 1985 and 1986. Two barley varieties were tested each year. In all years fallow plus winter rainfall was equal to or greater than average. Grain yield increased with higher sowing rates in most experiments, with the response curve reaching a plateau above 60-70 kg/ha. For 13 of the 40 variety x year combinations, grain yield fell at the highest sowing rates. Only in an experiment where lodging increased substantially with higher sowing rates was there a reduction in yield at a sowing rate of 60 kg/ha. The average sowing rate for which 5 kg grain was produced per kg of seed sown was 63 kg/ha. Grain protein percentage usually fell, and kernel weight invariably fell, with increasing sowing rate. Increasing sowing rates from the normal commercial rate of 35 kg/ha to a rate of 60 kg/ha typically increased grain yields by 100-400 kg/ha, decreased kernel weight by 0.4-2.0 mg, and decreased grain protein by up to 0.5 percentage points. In no case was the grain weight reduced to below malting specifications. It was concluded that sowing rates for barley in northern New South Wales should be increased to about 60 kg/ha.

scholarly journals SELEÇÃO DE PLANTAS QUANTIFICADORAS DE HERBICIDAS RESIDUAIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDERSON LUIZ NUNES ◽  
RIBAS ANTONIO VIDAL
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

A determinação da concentração de compostos no solo por meio de plantas quantificadoras apresenta como principal vantagem detectar somente resíduos biologicamente ativos, não havendo necessidade de instrumentos onerosos e de prévia extração dos resíduos do solo. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar plantas quantificadoras da presença de herbicidas residuais (pré emergentes) para o uso em bioensaios. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental completamente casualizado com arranjo bifatorial 8 x 6, com cinco repetições. O fator A consistiu de espécies cultiváveis e o fator B de herbicidas aplicados em pré emergência. Os resultados evidenciaram que a sensibilidade na detecção do herbicida no solo depende da espécie utilizada. A sensibilidade das espécies Lactuca sativa L. e Raphanus sativus var. sativus L. não permitiu condições de quantificar a presença dos herbicidas atrazina, cloransulam, imazaquin, metribuzin e S-metolacloro. Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus Metzger é potencial quantificador de imazaquin e S metolacloro. Plantas de Curcubita pepo L. são promissoras na bioavaliação de metribuzin. A espécie Cucumis sativus L. mostrou-se potencial bioindicadora de cloransulan e imazaquin. Avena sativa L. apresentou-se como potencial quantificadora de imazaquin e metribuzin. Hordeum vulgare L. pode quantificar o metribuzin e Triticum aestivum L. é promissor na detecção da biodisponibilidade de atrazina.

SOME CONDITIONS FAVORING PRODUCTION OF OCHRATOXIN A AND CITRININ BY PENICILLIUM VIRIDICATUM IN WHEAT AND BARLEY

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. HARWIG ◽  
Y.-K. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Ground Wheat ◽  
Penicillium Viridicatum

Wheat, ground wheat, barley, and heat-treated wheat and barley were inoculated with different strains of Penicillium viridicatum Westling and incubated under different conditions of moisture content, relative humidity, temperature, and time. An important factor for production of ochratoxin A and citrinin was humidity. A water activity (aw) of 0.90–0.93 produced high concentrations of the mycotoxins. Below this aw, the native mycoflora developed along with P. viridicatum and concentrations of the mycotoxins were significantly lower. A temperature of 5 C did not prevent production of the toxins under conditions of high aw and extended storage. Viable barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat seed (Triticum aestivum L.) were less prone to mycotoxin production than nonviable seed. Samples exposed for short periods to conditions most favorable for P. viridicatum were not visibly moldy but contained ochratoxin A. Such material, if used, may present a hazard to farm animals and man.

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