EFFECT OF ROW SPACING ON BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND ABOVEGROUND HARVESTABILITY OF RUSSIAN WILDRYE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. LEYSHON ◽  
H. CUTFORTH ◽  
J. WADOINGTON ◽  
P. C. RYMES
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Russian Wildrye ◽  
Significant Yield

Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea [Fischer] Nevski) was grown in 15- and 60-cm row spacings at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Beginning in the third year after establishment and continuing for 4 yr, dry matter yields taken by machine were compared to yields taken by hand in a two-cut system. The machine harvested 54% of the available dry matter in the 60-cm rows but only 27% in the 15-cm rows. Apart from one cut in 1 yr, there were no significant yield differences due to row spacing when the forage was harvested by hand. The results indicate the need for more research on the effects of row spacing, especially with regard to the grazing animal.Key words: Psathyrostachys juncea (Fischer) Nevski in Komarov, hand sampling, machine harvesting, plant morphology, forage yield

The evaluation of economically important traits of promising genotypes of Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.)) in the south of Central Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
В.Ф. Кадоркина ◽  
М.С. Шевцова
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Russian Wildrye ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Исследования проводились в сухостепной зоне Республики Хакасия в 2018–2020 годах с целью оценки и отбора перспективных селекционных образцов ломкоколосника ситникового по хозяйственно ценным признакам. Материалом исследований служили 16 образцов, высеянных семенами, и 8 сортообразцов вегетативного способа размножения, отобранных из питомника исходного материала 2015 года посева и в дальнейшем проанализированных в селекционных питомниках. В качестве стандарта взят сорт селекции Якутского НИИСХ Манчаары. В период вегетации проводились учёты и фенологические наблюдения за развитием растений. Работа проведена в соответствии с методическими указаниями по селекции кормовых культур. Исходя из биологических особенностей ломкоколосника ситникового, с целью увеличения урожайности семян для дальнейшей селекционной работы при вегетативном размножении их можно получить уже на второй год жизни. По основным показателям семенной продуктивности в селекционном питомнике вегетативного размножения отобраны образцы А 1, А 2, А 6 и А 12, также эти биотипы отмечены и по скороспелости: период от начала вегетации до созревания семян составил 88–94 дня. По кормовой продуктивности достоверная прибавка получена у А 1, А 2, А 6, А 10, А 12. В селекционном питомнике семенного размножения по основным показателям кормовой продуктивности выделены номера А 1, А 3, А 4.1, превышающие стандарт (сорт Манчаары) по продуктивности зелёной массы в 1,4–1,8 раза, по продуктивности сухой массы — в 1,2–1,6 раза. В этом питомнике образцы сформировали продуктивные стебли только на третий год жизни. The research was conducted in the dry steppe of the Republic of Khakassia in 2018–2020 to evaluate and select promising genotypes of Russian wildrye. The objects of this study were 16 genotypes grown from seeds and 8 genotypes of vegetative reproduction obtained from the nursery of parent material in 2015. Variety “Manchaary” from the Yakutian Agricultural Research Institute performed as the standard. Plant phenology was analyzed according to the recommended methods for forage crop breeding. To increase seed yield for plant breeding vegetative reproduction of Russian wildrye can be of great importance allowing seed production in the second year already. Genotypes A1, A2, A6, and A12 showed the highest seed productivity in the nursery of vegetative reproduction. They also were characterized by rapid maturation: the period from germination to maturation amounted to 88–94 days. A1, A2, A6, A10, and A12 had significant forage yield increase. Genotypes A1, A3, and A4.1 showed the best feed productivity in the nursery of seed reproduction. They exceeded the standard by 1.4–1.8 times in green mass yield and 1.2–1.6 times — in dry mass productivity. Genotypes formed productive stems only in the third year in the nursery.

Short-lived intercrop forages affect long-term yields of alfalfa and wildrye grass mixtures

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
A. J. Leyshon ◽  
P. G. Jefferson ◽  
J. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Elymus Trachycaulus ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Russian Wildrye ◽  
Slender Wheatgrass

Widely seeded rows (>60 cm) of perennial grasses have exhibited greater long-term yield stability, but allow weed invasion in the first years after establishment. A 9-yr study was conducted at a semiarid site at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada, to determine the effects of intercropping oats (Avena sativa L.) and slender wheatgrass [Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners] between rows of Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski], and Altai wildrye [Leymus angustus (Trin) Pilger] seeded in 90-cm spacings either alone or in alternate rows with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Two rows of oats depressed grass forage production in the year following establishment. Slender wheatgrass intercrops reduced grass forage yield and alfalfa forage yield. However, slender wheatgrass contributed to increased total forage yields while it persisted in the mixture. By the fifth year, it had disappeared from the Russian wildrye plots but persisted 2 more years when intercropped with Altai wildrye. Interseeded companion crops, either annual or short-lived perennials, for forage will give short-term yield gains, but long-lived perennial forages may not recover from the competition in the long-term. Key words: Avena sativa, Elymus trachycaulus, Psathyrostachys juncea, Leymus angustus, Medicago sativa, forage yield

scholarly journals Rendimiento de la planta de frijol caupí [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] y calidad nutricional en los sistemas de cultivo intercalado de frijol caupí y sorgo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-418
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aamir Iqbal ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Junaid Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Strip Intercropping

In traditional row and strip cowpea-sorghum intercropping systems, cowpea forage yield reduces significantly due to intense competition and dominance of sorghum in acquiring growth resources. This field study evaluated novel mixed strip intercropping systems of forage cowpea and sorghum having different number of crops rows arranged under different spatial arrangements. Cowpea was intercropped with sorghum in 8, 12 and 16 rows strips with row-row spacing of 30, 45 and 60 cm. In each strip, equal number of rows of cowpea and sorghum were maintained. Factorial arrangement of randomized complete block design with three replicates was used to execute the field trials during summer seasons of 2013 and 2014. Strips having 12 rows and 60 cm row-row spacing positively affected all agronomic variables of cowpea which led to maximum forage yield (22.2 and 23.7 t ha-1 during 2013 and 2014 respectively) and dry matter biomass (6.63 and 6.94 t ha-1 during 2013 and 2014 respectively). In contrast, 8-rows strips having line spacing of 30 cm outperformed other intercropping systems by yielding the maximum herbage yield and dry matter biomass of sorghum. The intercropping system comprising of 12-rows strips with 60 cm row-row spacing remained superior in recording the maximum crude protein, fats and total ash along with the minimum fiber content of cowpea. In addition, this intercropping system under rest of spatial arrangements also remained unmatched, while 16-rows strips under all planting geometries remained inferior to other intercropping systems. Thus, cowpea intercropping with sorghum in 12-rows strips having 60 cm spacing offers biologically viable solution to improve biomass and forage quality of cowpea in intercropping with sorghum.

scholarly journals Screening of Elephant Grass Genotypes Following Some Agro-marphological Traits Related to Biomass Production in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ana Kesia Faria Vidal ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Rafael Souza Freitas ◽  
Wanessa Francesconi Stida ◽  
Flávio Dessaune Tardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Computational Resources

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the behavior per se of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Shum) hybrids for energy purposes by means of morpho-agronomic traits in four evaluation sections. An experiment in randomized block design with three replicates was applied to evaluate the hybrids. The plot consisted of a 15-m row with 1.50-m row spacing, and 1.50-m spacing between plants. The usable area was composed of the five central plants. It was evaluated Number of tillers per clump; Stem diameter; Plant height; Plant dry matter yield; and Percentage of dry matter. Computational resources from the GENES Program were used to analyze the results. In both cuts, the H7, H11, and H14 hybrids was superior to the others in the four evaluation cuts for all evaluated characteristics, proving to be a potential genotype to be used for energy biomass production.

Reevaluation of row spacing/plant density of seeded pasture grasses for the semiarid prairie

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Jefferson ◽  
G. Andrew Kielly
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Harvest Method

Previous research in the semiarid prairie at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, indicated that optimum row spacing for forage production was 60 or 90 cm for crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertner) and Russian wild ryegrass (Psathyrostachys juncea [Fisch.] Nevski). However, recent research suggested that harvest method affects forage yield estimates from row spacing experiments. An experiment with three row spacings of mixtures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with crested wheatgrass and Russian wild ryegrass was harvested mechanically and by hand. Yield differences between methods of harvesting were affected by row spacing; larger differences were observed at 15 cm than at 60 cm spacing, particularly for Russian wild ryegrass. The highest hand-harvested forage yield estimates were observed in the narrowest row spacing. In a second experiment, plant density was evaluated for the same grasses using square grid spacings of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm. Decreasing plant density was associated with decreased hand-harvested forage yield in both species. In a third experiment, 60- and 90-cm row spacing resulted in more seed heads and lower leaf content than 30-cm row spacing. Leaf digestibility increased slightly with increased row spacing. These results suggest that 30-cm row spacing should be recommended to producers for sustainable pastures in the semiarid prairie region. Key words: Forage yield, forage quality, leaf:stem ratio, plot technique

scholarly journals Effect of Different Plant Arrangements on Maize Morphology and Forage Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Jana Jirmanová ◽  
Pavel Fuksa ◽  
Josef Hakl ◽  
Václav Brant ◽  
Jaromír Šantrůček
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Whole Plant

Abstract A study was carried out in Central Bohemia to understand the effect of row spacing and stand density on plant morphology, productivity and quality of silage maize in two row spacing treatments (0.70 m and 0.35 m) at two stand densities (92,000 plants/ha and 110,000 plants/ha). The results of the study showed that row spacing and stand density had no effect on plant height or weight; however, significantly higher ear ratio and dry matter content was found in narrow rows at 110,000 plants/ha. It was observed that plant morphology was affected more by the interaction between row spacing and stand density than by a single effect of tested factors. Significantly higher dry matter yield was recorded at higher stand density, but there was no row spacing × stand density interaction. Row spacing had no impact on the whole plant neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content, crude protein of stover and starch content of ear, while narrow rows resulted in almost significantly higher stover NDF content. Our results suggest that narrow rows could be advantageous for maize morphology and quality in cases where higher stand density is applied.

scholarly journals Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iptas ◽  
A.A. Acar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased from 214 to 227 g/kg and from 420 to 451 g/kg during the year 2001, respectively. However, ADF content decreased from 281 to 267 g/kg and NDF contents decreased from 530 to 515 g/kg with increasing row spacing during the year 2002. In this study, hybrids showed distinct differences for crude protein, ADF and NDF contents in both years. Forage quality parameter including ADF and NDF of Pioneer 3163, TTM 8119 and Karadeniz Yildizi were higher than Arifiye hybrid.

Direct seeding of alfalfa into established Russian wildrye pasture in southwest Saskatchewan

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Schellenberg ◽  
J. Waddington ◽  
J. R. King
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Permanent Wilting Point ◽  
Russian Wildrye ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Wilting Point

Experiments were started in each of the three years 1989–1991 to examine the effect of severing near-surface roots of established Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevskii) on the establishment of two alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) in semiarid Saskatchewan. In 2 of 3 yr, up to 75% more seedlings were established of the cultivar Rangelander, a creeping-rooted alfalfa of mixed ssp. sativa (L.) Lesins & Lesins and ssp. falcata (L.) Arcangeli parentage, than of SCMf3713, a tap-rooted ssp. falcata. Severing Russian wildrye roots significantly improved alfalfa establishment and dry matter production in 1990, only 1 of 3 yr. There were no benefits from severing Russian wildrye roots on more than the side adjacent to the alfalfa seedlings. Soil moisture levels in the top 15 cm of soil were at or below the permanent wilting point through much of the growing seasons of 1989 and 1991. Soil moisture was increased only occasionally where Russian wildrye roots were severed. Key words: Sod-seeding, Psathyrostachys juncea, Medicago media

Effects of including dry polyacrylamide gel with seed on establishment of alfalfa and Russian wildrye

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Russian Wildrye ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

To examine the possible benefits of crosslinked polyacrylamide gel when establishing forages in a semiarid environment, applications of dry gel in fine, medium and coarse granular forms were made at rates from 0.25 to 4.00 g m−1 of row with seed of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski] in each year 1992–1994 at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. The gel had no effect on seedling year establishment or first year forage production on a sandy-loam soil. On a nearby sandy-clay loam soil, in one of 3 yr with alfalfa, and 2 of 3 yr with Russian wildrye, the lowest gel rate decreased establishment compared with the check, with a further reduction as the rate of gel increased. Alfalfa forage yields were not affected. Gel application decreased Russian wildrye forage yield in 1 of 3 yr. Key words: Medicago sativa, Psathyrostachys juncea, forage yield, soil texture

scholarly journals Yield and nutritive value of alfalfa cultivars sown at different densities

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
R. Stanisavljevic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
Z. Lugic ◽  
J. Milenkovic ◽  
D. Djokic
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Seed Rate

The effect of cultivar and plant density on dry matter yield and nutritive value of alfalfa was studied. The trial was conducted at the first cutting of alfalfa plants in their second and third years of growth, and four cultivars and two different crop densities were tested. The cultivars were found to have significant effect on dry matter yield, proportion of leaf in total yield and content of crude proteins under both densities. The highest forage yield was achieved in first density (20 cm row spacing with 15 kgha-1 seed rate). The wide row spacing (50 cm) with low seed rate (9 kgha-1) was showed lower forage production. The effect of cultivars and plant density on other parameters of forage nutritive value was insignificant. A high positive correlation with the proportion of leaf was found for the content of crude proteins (r=0.961), concentration of potassium (r=0.876), phosphorus (r=0.561), calcium (r=0.550) and content of crude fat (r=0.500). Crude fiber was highly negatively correlated with leaf proportion (r=0.916), while the latter showed no correlation with crude ash (r=0.185) and nitrogen-free extract (0.010).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document