scholarly journals Yield and nutritive value of alfalfa cultivars sown at different densities

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
R. Stanisavljevic ◽  
Z. Tomic ◽  
Z. Lugic ◽  
J. Milenkovic ◽  
D. Djokic
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Seed Rate

The effect of cultivar and plant density on dry matter yield and nutritive value of alfalfa was studied. The trial was conducted at the first cutting of alfalfa plants in their second and third years of growth, and four cultivars and two different crop densities were tested. The cultivars were found to have significant effect on dry matter yield, proportion of leaf in total yield and content of crude proteins under both densities. The highest forage yield was achieved in first density (20 cm row spacing with 15 kgha-1 seed rate). The wide row spacing (50 cm) with low seed rate (9 kgha-1) was showed lower forage production. The effect of cultivars and plant density on other parameters of forage nutritive value was insignificant. A high positive correlation with the proportion of leaf was found for the content of crude proteins (r=0.961), concentration of potassium (r=0.876), phosphorus (r=0.561), calcium (r=0.550) and content of crude fat (r=0.500). Crude fiber was highly negatively correlated with leaf proportion (r=0.916), while the latter showed no correlation with crude ash (r=0.185) and nitrogen-free extract (0.010).

scholarly journals Effects of row spacing and planting density of forage sorghum on dry matter yield, morphologic parameters, nutritive value, and predicted milk yield of dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e36101119374
Author(s):  
Magno Daniel Porfirio ◽  
Marcela Abbado Neres ◽  
Claudia Anete Fuhr ◽  
Thiago Henrique da Silva ◽  
Iuli Caetano da Silva Brandão Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different row spacings and planting populations on dry matter yield, nutritive value, and predicted milk yield of BRS 658 forage sorghum hybrid growing in Brazilian conditions. A late relative maturity forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench; 110 d-115d to soft dough stage; BRS 658 – Embrapa] was planted at 3 row spacing (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m) and at 3 planting population (50 x 103, 100 x 103, and 150 x 103 plants.ha-1). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, using 4 replicate plots per row spacing x plant population combination. At harvest, weights of whole-plant sorghum forage were obtained to calculate DM yields. Chemical composition was assessed by performing wet chemistry analysis. Plant height, stem diameter, and harvest were performed 110 days after sowing (DAS). Estimated milk yield per unit of forage and per hectare were calculated using Milk2006. Summative equations were used to predict TDN and NEL. Yield of wet and DM forage sorghum exhibited a negative quadratic response as row spacing increased, reaching the maximum yield response at row spacing of 1.23m and 1.22m, respectively. In addition, negative linear effect was detected for both wet and DM sorghum forage yield as planting density increased. Regarding agronomic measurements, sorghum height exhibited a negative linear pattern as plant density increased. Otherwise, stem diameter increased as planting density increased. Whole-plant sorghum forage DM content decreased linearly with increasing planting density. Conversely, ashes increased linearly as planting density increased. Neutral detergent insoluble protein exhibited a positive quadratic effect with increasing planting density, reaching the minimum value when planting density was 104.2 x 103 plants.ha-1. Finally, a negative quadratic effect for predicted milk yield per hectare was also observed with increasing row spacing, whereas the maximum milk yield per hectare value was detected when row spacing was 1.20m. In conclusion, taking into account a subtropical climate, the ideal row spacing and planting density recommendation for a high yield and nutritional quality sorghum forage are 1.2 m and 104 x 103 plants.ha-1, respectively.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INTERCROPPING MAIZE WITH CLIMBING BEAN ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko UHER ◽  
Zlatko SVEČNJAK ◽  
Dubravka DUJMOVIĆ-PURGAR ◽  
Dario JAREŠ ◽  
Ivan HORVATIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feed Costs

Maize forage is poor in protein content which shows its low quality and nutritive value. Regarding to high feed costs of protein supplementations, legumes can be used in livestock nutrition for their high protein content and, thus, providing cost savings. Since legumes have low dry matter yield, acceptable forage yield and quality can obtained from intercropping cereals and legumes compared with their sole crops. In this study, maize (Zea mays L.) and climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were intercropped in different sowing densities and their monocropping equivalents were tested to determine the best intercropping system on forage yield and quality. Maize was cultivated alone (75 000 plants ha-1) and intercropped with bean as follows: 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 37 500 plants ha-1 of bean (MB1), 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 50 000 plants ha-1 of bean (MB2) and 75 000 plants ha-1 of maize and 75 000 plants ha-1 of bean (MB3), in rows alternating with maize. The highest dry matter yield was produced by MB3 (20.9 t ha-1), and the lowest by maize (16.9 t ha-1). All intercropped systems had higher crude protein contents, MB1 (92 g kg-1 DM), MB2 (99 g kg-1 DM) and MB3 (110 g kg-1 DM), than the maize (77 g kg-1 DM). Intercropping of maize with bean reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber, resulting in increased forage digestibility. Therefore, maize intercropping with bean could substantially increase forage quantity and quality, and decrease requirements for protein supplements as compared with maize.

scholarly journals Yield and nutritive value of the silage of corn intercropped with tropical perennial grasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nídia Raquel Costa ◽  
Marcelo Andreotti ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
César Gustavo da Rocha Lima ◽  
André Michel de Castilhos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Guinea Grass

Abstract: The objective of this work was to compare the yield and nutritive value of the silage of corn intercropped with palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu') or guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus 'Tanzânia') with those of the silage of monocropped corn, as well as to evaluate the pasture established in the intercropping systems during two growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012), in low-altitude Brazilian Cerrado. The treatments consisted of three cropping systems: monocropped corn, corn intercropped with palisade grass, and corn intercropped with guinea grass, with four replicates. Intercropping decreased corn forage dry matter yield for silage; however, due to the addition of grass, total dry matter yield (corn + grass) was similar between treatments. Intercropping also did not negatively affect corn production components and morphological characteristics. The cropping systems provided silages with good nutritive values, and the inclusion of tropical forages increased the silage fiber contents. Intercropping corn with tropical perennial grasses is a viable option for producing large quantities of silage with good nutritive value. The forage yield (silage + pasture) of these intercropping systems is similar to that of monocropped corn in tropical regions and has the advantage of providing a pasture in the off-season.

Reevaluation of row spacing/plant density of seeded pasture grasses for the semiarid prairie

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Jefferson ◽  
G. Andrew Kielly
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Psathyrostachys Juncea ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Harvest Method

Previous research in the semiarid prairie at Swift Current, Saskatchewan, indicated that optimum row spacing for forage production was 60 or 90 cm for crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertner) and Russian wild ryegrass (Psathyrostachys juncea [Fisch.] Nevski). However, recent research suggested that harvest method affects forage yield estimates from row spacing experiments. An experiment with three row spacings of mixtures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with crested wheatgrass and Russian wild ryegrass was harvested mechanically and by hand. Yield differences between methods of harvesting were affected by row spacing; larger differences were observed at 15 cm than at 60 cm spacing, particularly for Russian wild ryegrass. The highest hand-harvested forage yield estimates were observed in the narrowest row spacing. In a second experiment, plant density was evaluated for the same grasses using square grid spacings of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm. Decreasing plant density was associated with decreased hand-harvested forage yield in both species. In a third experiment, 60- and 90-cm row spacing resulted in more seed heads and lower leaf content than 30-cm row spacing. Leaf digestibility increased slightly with increased row spacing. These results suggest that 30-cm row spacing should be recommended to producers for sustainable pastures in the semiarid prairie region. Key words: Forage yield, forage quality, leaf:stem ratio, plot technique

scholarly journals White lupine yield under different sowing densities and row spacings

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 903-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio L. Santi ◽  
Geomar M. Corassa ◽  
Ronei Gaviraghi ◽  
Thomas N. Martin ◽  
Mateus B. Bisognin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate different sowing densities and row spacings on grain yield and biomass in the white lupine crop, cv. ‘Comum’. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four row spacings (20, 40, 60 and 80 cm) and four sowing densities in the row (10, 15, 20 and 25 plants m-1), with four replicates. The evaluated variables were: grain yield, hundred-grain weight, fresh and dry matter and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plant tissue. The highest grain yield was obtained with row spacing of 20 cm, regardless of plant density. The density of 25 plants m-1 and row spacing of 20 cm increased the fresh and dry matter yield. The adjustment of plant density and row spacing did not affect the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant tissue.

scholarly journals Intercropping of Cereals and Legumes for Forage Production

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 07-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdollah ESKANDARI ◽  
Ahmad GHANBARI ◽  
Abdollah JAVANMARD
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
High Feed

Cereals are high important in feeding ruminant animals for their high dry matter production and low cost. However, cereals forage is poor in protein content which shows their low quality and nutritive value. Regarding to high feed costs of protein supplementations, legumes can be used in livestock nutrition for their high protein content and, thus, providing cost saving. Since legumes have low dry matter yield, acceptable forage yield and quality can obtained from intercropping of cereals and legumes compared with their sole crops. In this paper, forage quality indicators and different factors affecting forage quality are discussed. Forage production and quality of different cereals-legumes intercropping are also reviewed, where; different legumes had different effect on forage quality when intercropped with specific cereal. Regarding to forage quality and quantity, different cereals also led to different production of forage. A number of factors which must be noticified in selecting cereal-legume intercropping compositions, especially for forage production, were considered.

Yield and nutritive value of irrigated tall fescue compared with orchardgrass: In monocultures or mixed with alfalfa

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Thompson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Diversity Effect ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Schedonorus Phoenix

Thompson, D. J. 2013. Yield and nutritive value of irrigated tall fescue compared with orchardgrass: in monocultures or mixed with alfalfa. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 799–807. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is commonly grown for irrigated forage production in interior British Columbia. Tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Schop.) Holub.] is also adapted to the area but no comparative trials have been reported. Three varieties of each grass species were grown in monocultures or in mixtures with alfalfa at three irrigated sites throughout southern interior British Columbia. Study objectives included comparing the forage yield and nutritive value of the following groups: (1) tall fescue and orchardgrass monocultures, (2) tall fescue and orchardgrass mixtures with alfalfa and (3) grass-alfalfa mixtures with monocultures. In monoculture, tall fescue yield was 9% greater than orchardgrass (significantly greater yield at 3 of 6 site-years), though forage nutritive values were similar. Mixtures of the two grasses with alfalfa had similar yields, but those containing tall fescue had superior nutritive value. Alfalfa contributed a greater percentage to total yield and had higher survival when mixed with tall fescue. Tall fescue is a viable alternative to orchardgrass for irrigated forage production in monoculture and may be more suitable for mixtures with alfalfa. Our findings demonstrate a functional diversity effect; grass-alfalfa mixtures over-yielded the mean of the alfalfa, orchardgrass, and tall fescue monocultures by 12%.

scholarly journals Introduction of four native legumes of the Canadian Prairies in monoculture and in mixtures with meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna Marie Quilichini ◽  
Mike Schellenberg ◽  
Bill Biligetu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Native Legume

Many questions remain concerning the viability and productivity of seeding native legumes in the Canadian Prairies for forage production. Field research was conducted with four native legume species (Astragalus flexuosus, Dalea purpurea, Hedysarum boreale and Vicia americana) to evaluate performance in Swift Current and Saskatoon, SK. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates to evaluate legume-grass mixtures and monoculture performance, botanical composition and effect of harvest dates (July and August) from 2016 to 2018. The native legume-grass mixtures performed differently at the sites, with greater foliar cover at Saskatoon but greater proportion of legumes in mixtures at Swift Current. The mixtures had similar forage nutritive value as monoculture Bromus riparius, with legumes contributing 10% or less of the forage dry matter yield (DMY) at both sites. A. flexuosus showed the greatest foliar cover and produced the greatest DMY in monoculture at both sites. Based on this study, native legumes would need to make up a larger proportion of forage dry matter yield to change the nutritional value of mixtures. In a subsequent seeding rate evaluation, the four legume species were planted at three seeding rates (300, 200 and 100 pure live seeds [PLS] per metre) and tested for DMY one year following establishment near Swift Current. Increasing seeding rates up to 300 PLS m-1 corresponded with an increase in seedling density and foliar cover, but DMY was not affected. Additional research with A. flexuosus is needed to demonstrate its value as a forage.

scholarly journals Effect of intercropping of corn and soybean on dry matteryield and nutritive value of forage corn

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridzwan A. Halim ◽  
Ali Baghdadi ◽  
Ali Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Radziah Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Soybean Plants

Cereal-based forage production could be considered to have potential to supply great deal of energy-rich feed in animal diets. Experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of corn-soybean combinations of 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 in addition to monocrops of corn and soybean to detremine forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality in corn-soybean intercropping. The crop combination ratio had significant effects on dry matter yield and nutritive quality of forage. The ratio of 75:25 and 50:50 recorded DM yields similar to those of monocropped corn (14.77 t/ha). Forage quality in terms of crude protein (CP) (75:25 ratio 12.75%, 50:50 ratio 13.73% and 25:75 ratio 14.68%) was improved by intercropping due to higher nitrogen availability for corn in intercropping compared with its sole crop (10.83% CP). Increase ratio of corn in corn-soybean mixture, negatively affectd neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) of forage and declined with increasing ratio of soybean plants. Combination ratio of 50:50 gave higher protein yield (1886.45 kg/ha) than other crop combination ratio. Among all the combination ratios, the 50:50 corn-soybean ratio was the optimum giving highest forage yield, protein content as well as protein yield.

Adaptation and forage yield of Vetches (Vicia spp.) in the southern highlands of Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Tekleyohannes Berhanu ◽  
Mergia Abera
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Vicia Villosa ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
High Forage

Aim. To study the adaptation of vetch species and the level of their forage yield in the highlands of the region. Methods. Field and laboratory methods, statistical analysis. Results. The study was conducted in Bulle and Chencha districts of Southern region of Ethiopia with the objective to identify adaptable and high forage yield- ing vetch species for the high lands of the region. Five vetch species (Vicia sativa L., V. dasycarpa Ten., V. atropurpurea Desf., V. villosa Roth. and V. benghalensis L.) were tested at both locations for two years. The result showed that there was signifi cant variation in dry matter yield of the tested species in the two locations. Vetches planted at Bulle performed well when compared with Chencha area with mean DM yield of 5.3 and 1.2 t/ha, respectively. Among the vetch species, Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Vicia dasycarpa, and Vicia bengalensis adapted well at Bulle and produced on average 4 to 7 t/ha forage DM. In Chencha area, V. dasycarpa and V. villosa were the best performing species with forage DM yield of 1.6-1.8 t/ha. Conclusions. The vetch species tested in the current study could be used for conventional pasture and forage production, in livestock exclu- sion areas, in forage strips, as an under-sowing with food crops, or as a backyard forage crop in the southern highlands of Ethiopia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document