CHLORSULFURON USE IN BARLEY AND RESIDUAL EFFECT ON POTATO AND RUTABAGA GROWN IN ROTATION

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Buckwheat ◽  
Root Bioassay ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Rotation Crops ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Carry Over

Experiments were conducted over 4 yr (1980–1983) to determine the efficacy of chlorsulfuron for use on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and effects of herbicide residue on crops grown in rotation. Barley cv. Volla tolerated chlorsulfuron at rates up to 72 g a.i. ha−1 with no significant yield reductions being noted. Lamb’s-quarters and corn spurry were controlled at applied rates of 9–18 g a.i. ha−1 but 36 g a.i. ha−1 were needed to control wild buckwheat. Rotation crops of rutabaga and potato, grown the season after chlorsulfuron use, showed no adverse effects on marketable or total yield. It was estimated from corn root bioassay studies that applied rates of chlorsulfuron of up to 10 g a.i. ha−1 would not carry over into the next season under P.E.I. conditions.Key words: Chlorsulfuron, barley, potato, rutabaga, persistence

METSULFURON USE IN BARLEY AND RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUCCEEDING CROPS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Better Than

Experiments conducted over 4 yr (1982–1985) determined the efficacy of metsulfuron for use in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Volla’) and effects of herbicide residues on crops grown the next season. Barley tolerated metsulfuron at rates up to 72 g a.i. ha−1 with no significant effects on yield but 1000-kernel weight was significantly reduced in two of the three barley crops grown. Control of lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) and low cudweed (Gnaphalium uliginosum L.) was acceptable and that of corn spurry (Spergula arvensis L.) and shepherd’s-purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic.) better than the standard MCPA amine treatment. There was no significant effect on marketable and total yield of rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica Mill.) or potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and none on total yield of silage corn (Zea mays L.) when each was grown the season after metsulfuron use. Reductions in corn root growth were noted in bioassay tests as late as 120 d after metsulfuron application but the lack of effects on yields of succeeding crops would indicate that the remaining residues were broken down or diluted by plowing and working the soil.Key words: Metsulfuron, barley, potato, rutabaga, silage corn, persistence

TOLERANCE OF SPRING BARLEY TO TRIFLURALIN DEEP-INCORPORATED IN THE FALL OR SPRING

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
D. FRIESEN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Early Injury ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Delayed Growth ◽  
Fall Application

Field experiments were conducted in 1982 and 1983 to investigate the tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Galt’) seeded 5 cm deep in a Ponoka loam soil treated with trifluralin. There were eight rates of application from 0 to 3 kg/ha applied in fall and spring and incorporated by means of a rototiller set to till to a depth of 10 cm. All data were analyzed by regression. Gas chromatographic analysis of extracts of soil samples collected in the spring following fall application of trifluralin (0.0–3.0 kg/ha) indicated that approximately 45% of the herbicide was lost regardless of rate applied. Fall application of trifluralin up to 3 kg/ha and spring application up to 1.1 kg/ha did not adversely affect the numbers of barley seedlings that emerged. Trifluralin treatments within the rate range 0.85–1.4 kg/ha caused severe early injury (delayed growth) to barley, the magnitude of which varied with the season and year of application. Fall application caused less injury than the respective spring application during both years. With fall or spring applications up to 1.3 kg/ha or 1.0 kg/ha, respectively, barley yields were not reduced compared to the untreated control. With fall application at 1.4 kg/ha barley yield was reduced in one of the two years. Rates in excess of 1.8 kg/ha caused significant yield reductions with all treatments. The data indicate that trifluralin could be used as a deep-incorporated fall or spring treatment at rates up to 1.3 or 1.0 kg/ha, respectively for weed control in barley in central Alberta. Fall application would improve the safety to the crop. Barley could also be seeded into soil where trifluralin (1.4 kg/ha) was applied as a fall treatment for weed control in rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.), but some loss of yield could be expected.Key words: Trifluralin rate, soil incorporation, barley, tolerance

Mixtures of Persian clover with Italian ryegrass or barley-Italian ryegrass for annual forage

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Thompson ◽  
Darryl G. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Persian Clover

In the interior of British Columbia, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. italicum Beck.) are intercropped with fertilizer N as a 1-yr break before reseeding irrigated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) was seeded with barley and ryegrass or only ryegrass to determine its effect on seasonal yield and forage nutritive value. All species mixtures were grown with and without a total of 200 kg ha−1 of N to compare N2 fixation by Persian clover with N fertilizer. Averaged over 2 yr, adding Persian clover to barley-ryegrass provided a total yield that was 96% of that obtained by adding fertilizer N to barley-ryegrass. Second cut yield averaged 58% more with clover than with N. However, the grasses yielded more than the grasses with added clover in the third cut. Adding clover to ryegrass provided 94% of the total yield of adding N fertilizer. Persian clover was higher in crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter than ryegrass, so adding clover tended to improve the nutritive value of mixtures. This was most obvious without N, where Persian clover accounted for more of the total forage produced. The study shows that Persian clover is a valuable addition to barley-ryegrass mixtures; it reduces fertilizer needs, improves mid-season yield and improves forage nutritive value. Key words: Persian clover, barley, Italian ryegrass, forage mixtures

scholarly journals The effect of incorporation time of different crops on the residual effect on spring cereals

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KÄNKÄNEN ◽  
A. KANGAS ◽  
T. MELA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Spring Cereals

The effect of the time of incorporation of different green manures and barley residues on the grain yield of spring cereals in two successive seasons was studied in seven field trials. Annual hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), westerwold ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. westerwoldicum) and straw of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were incorporated into the soil by ploughing in early September, late October and the following May, and by reduced tillage in May. Spring barley was established in the following spring, and spring oats (Avena sativa L.) one year later. In general the grain yield of spring barley after legumes was similar to that after barley, in spite of the fact that N fertilization was reduced by 40 kg ha-1. The two autumn ploughing treatments resulted in a good yield of spring barley more reliably than did the spring incorporations. Because delayed autumn ploughing did not decrease the grain yield, a delaying procedure can be recommended for its potential of decreasing nitrogen leaching. Spring ploughing could be used on all but clay soils. Incorporating ryegrass or red clover in spring by using reduced tillage often decreased the grain yield of barley. Timing of incorporation did not have a consistent effect on the grain yield of oats in the third experimental year.;

YIELD ADVANTAGE IN F1 HYBRIDS BETWEEN SPRING AND WINTER BARLEY

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-553
Author(s):  
G. FEDAK ◽  
S. O. FEJER
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Significant Yield

Five winter barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.) of interspecific origin were crossed onto five local strains of spring barley, and F1 progeny which were evaluated under solid-seeded and spaced-planted arrangements were compared with their spring parent for yield and seed size. No significant yield advantages were detected under solid seeding. Under spaced planting, 12 of 23 hybrids significantly outyielded their respective spring parents. The levels of yield advantage, which exceeded 100% in some cases, were attributed to the genetic diversity of the parents. There was no relationship between performance of hybrids at the two rates of planting. No significant seed size advantage was observed in any of the hybrids.

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

Floristic composition and relative abundance of weeds in annual crops of Manitoba

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Wild Buckwheat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters

Annual surveys for weeds of fields seeded to spring wheat, barley, oats, flax, and canola in Manitoba were conducted during 1978, 1979, and 1981. Fields were surveyed during July and early August each year using a stratified random sampling procedure. Data for the crops and years were combined for analysis. The frequency, the area infested, and the density of the infestation were determined for each species. These three measures of the abundance of the weed were combined into a single synthetic value called relative abundance. Nine of the 152 species recorded by the surveyors accounted for 77% of the total relative abundance. Ranked in order by relative abundance, these species were green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), wild oats (Avena fatua L.), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), annual smartweed (Polygonum spp.), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.), lamb's-quarters (Chenopodium album L.), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), perennial sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Green foxtail was the predominant weed with an abundance value three times larger than wild oats or wild buckwheat. The pattern of dominance found in Manitoba fields was similar to results from comparable surveys in Saskatchewan and North Dakota. Key words: Relative abundance, weed survey, weed density, green foxtail, wild oats, wild buckwheat

LAMB’S-QUARTERS INTERFERENCE WITH DIRECT SEEDED BROCCOLI

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIS BITTERLICH ◽  
MAHESH K. UPADHYAYA
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Cole Crop

Field experiments were conducted in 1987 and 1988 to study the effect of lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) interference on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis ’Emperor’) growth and yield. Broccoli growth was initially affected by weed interference at 28–36 d after seeding. Generally, the negative effect of weed interference on broccoli growth increased with increasing weed density and time after seeding. Interference by 15 lamb’s-quarters plants m−2 reduced the biomass of broccoli plants by 71–73% compared to the weed-free control at 57–58 d after seeding. Weed density-crop yield relationship curves showed that one lamb’s-quarters plant m−2 decreased total yield by 18–20% and marketable yield by 22–37%. Lamb’s-quarters reduced the total yield per plot by decreasing the average head weight of broccoli. The number of heads per plot was not affected. Weed interference also reduced the weight of heads classified as marketable (> 10 cm across). However, in 1987 more heads failed to reach a marketable size which resulted in a much smaller marketable yield than in 1988.Key words: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, broccoli, Chenopodium album L., weed density, weed interference, cole crop

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