TOTAL SULFUR AS A SCREENING CRITERION FOR SULFUR AMINO ACIDS IN LEGUMES

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. BHATTY ◽  
A. J. FINLAYSON ◽  
S. L. MACKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Total Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Sulfur Determination ◽  
The Mean

The relationship between total sulfur, determined by two methods, and sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cystine was investigated in 33 genotypes of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), faba beans (Vicia faba L.), peas (Pisum sativum L.), and lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.). The Leco Sulfur Analyzer (method 1) gave values for total sulfur in the legumes 29.2–47.6% lower than the gravimetric procedure (method 2). The mean coefficient of variability of method 1 was 36% higher than for method 2. The correlation coefficient between the two methods for the 33 genotypes was +0.42*. The correlation between percent meal protein and percent total sulfur in the legumes was +0.56**. The correlation between percent meal protein and total sulfur expressed as percent of meal protein or g/16 g N was negative (−0.75**). Faba beans, peas and lentils contained, on the average, 48% more cystine than methionine. Except for lentils, the mean total sulfur amino acid content of the legumes was generally similar. The correlation between percent total sulfur and total sulfur amino acid (mmoles/g meal) content of the legumes was +0.69** for peas and +0.46** for all the legumes. There was little or no change in the correlation when total sulfur and total sulfur amino acid data were expressed as percentages of the meal protein. The sulfur in the sulfur amino acids formed between 44.8 and 66.5% of the total meal sulfur. The rest of the sulfur was present in the meal as non-methionine and non-cystine sulfur. Total sulfur determination in the legume species used in the study is a poor indicator of methionine and cystine contents.

Wool growth and sulfur amino acid entry rate in sheep fed roughage based diets supplemented with bentonite and sulfur amino acids

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Fenn ◽  
RA Leng
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Water Supplementation

In two experiments, sheep were offered a roughage-based diet supplemented with either cysteine or bentonite as a solid, or bentonite, cysteine or methionine added to their drinking water. Supplementation with cysteine as a solid had no effect on wool growth, while supplementation via drinking water had no effect on wool growth or cysteine entry rate into the blood. Supplementation with methionine via drinking water increased the entry rate of methionine into blood by 69% (P< 0.05) as measured by a continuous infusion of [35S]-methionine. This coincided with subsequent increases in wool growth of 16% (P< 0.05) compared to sheep fed a basal diet alone. Compared with the basal diet alone, supplementation with 30 g/day bentonite as a dry powder or 60 g/day as a suspension in drinking water increased wool growth by 19 and 20% respectively. Bentonite given as sole supplement did not increase the entry rate of either cysteine or methionine into the blood of sheep. When bentonite and sulfur amino acids were complexed or mixed, wool growth was not increased above that for bentonite or the amino acid alone.

scholarly journals Total 4EBP1 Is Elevated in Liver of Rats in Response to Low Sulfur Amino Acid Intake

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos K. Sikalidis ◽  
Kevin M. Mazor ◽  
Minji Kang ◽  
Hongyun Liu ◽  
Martha H. Stipanuk
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cellular Stresses

Translation initiation is known to be regulated by the binding of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) by binding proteins (4EBPs), and there is evidence that amino acid deprivation and other cellular stresses upregulate 4EBP1 expression. To pursue the question of whether diets limited in an essential amino acid lead to induction of 4EBP1 expression in vivo, diets that varied in methionine and cystine content were fed to rats for 7 days, and 4EBP1 mRNA and protein levels and 4EBP1 phosphorylation state were determined. Total 4EBP1 mRNA and protein abundance increased in liver of rats with severely deficient intakes of sulfur amino acids (0.23% or 0.11% methionine without cystine) but not in animals with a less restricted intake of sulfur amino acids (0.11% methionine plus 0.35% cystine) but a similarly restricted intake of total diet (53 to 62% of control). The amount of 4EBP1 binding activity (α + β forms) was elevated in liver of rats fed sulfur amino acid-deficient diets, whereas the hyperphosphorylation of 4EBP1 was not affected by dietary treatment. Results suggest that changes in total 4EBP1 expression should be considered when examining mechanisms that attenuate protein synthesis during amino acid deficiency states.

Grain amino acid composition of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars subjected to selenium doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semih Yilmaz ◽  
Ali İrfan İlbaş ◽  
Mikail Akbulut ◽  
Aysun Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

Abstract Background: Selenium (Se34) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals and has growth promoting and antioxidative effects at low concentrations. Methods: Effects of various sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) doses on grain amino acid content of barley cultivars (Bülbül 89 and Çetin 2000) was investigated using ion exchange liquid chromatography. Results: Majority of the amino acids could be altered with Selenium (Se) fertilization. Grain Se content of Bülbül 89 (0.175 mg kg−1) and Çetin 2000 (0.171 mg kg−1) were similar and both displayed an increase in proteinogenic, essential, and sulfur amino acids. The response of cultivars was more pronounced for Se accumulation and amino acid content at mid dose (12.5 mg ha−1). The quantities of proteinogenic, essential and sulfur amino acids increased considerably at that dose. Se induced increase in nitrogen content might cause an increase in some of the proteins of grain and consequently can alter amino acid composition. An obvious increase in the limiting amino acids (lysine and threonine) were prominent in response to Se fertilization. Conclusion: Se treatment influence amino acid composition of barley grains; especially improve the quantity of limiting amino acids and consequently nutritional value of the grain.

Feed intake and digestion responses in sheep to the addition of inorganic sulfur to a herbage diet of low sulfur content

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Weston ◽  
JR Lindsay ◽  
DB Purser ◽  
GLR Gordon ◽  
P Davis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Low Sulfur

Young sheep were used in feed intake and digestion studies with a wheaten straw diet of low sulfur (S) content (0.71 g S kg-1 organic matter) fed without additional S (low S diet) or containing sodium sulfate (high S diet). With the high S diet, relative to the low S diet, (i) the levels of sulfide in rumen liquor were elevated, (ii) less time was spent in ruminating activities, (iii) rumen liquor volume tended to be lower (-l0%), (iv) indigestible markers were cleared more rapidly from the rumen (approx. +16%), (v) more organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre were digested in the stomach and in the alimentary tract as a whole (+8-16%), (vi) more non-ammonia nitrogen (NAN) flowed into the intestines (+13%) and this NAN had a higher content of sulfur amino acids (+ 17%), (vii) a greater quantity of NAN was digested in the intestines per unit of digestible OM intake (+ 12%), (viii) the concentrations of various amino acids in venous blood were substantially lower, and (ix) fungal activity in the rumen was higher. The number of bites performed on each rumination bolus was inversely related to fungal activity in the rumen, but the latter was not related to OM digestibility or to the sulfur amino acid content of the NAN flowing into the intestines. The OM digestibility was inversely related to the rate of clearance of markers from the rumen with the low S diet but not the high S diet. Voluntary feed consumption was similar with both diets, and in the low S diet it was inversely related to OM digestibility and positively related to marker clearance rate from the rumen. Digestible OM intake under conditions of ad libitum feeding was higher with the high S diet (+11%) and positively related to fungal activity in the rumen and to the sulfur amino acid content of the NAN flowing into the intestines. The data indicate that an inadequate amount of S in the low S diet impaired the metabolism of the rumen microbiota which in turn affected variables relating to digestion and metabolism. A quantitatively significant role for the anaerobic fungi in the structural degradation of fibre is suggested and attention is drawn to the need for studies on both feed consumption regulation with low S diets and the relation between herbage S status and the sulfur amino acid content of the rumen microbiota.

Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Lata Birlangi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

scholarly journals Putative imbalanced amino acid metabolism in rainbow trout long term fed a plant-based diet as revealed by 1H-NMR metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Deborde ◽  
Blandine Madji Hounoum ◽  
Annick Moing ◽  
Mickaël Maucourt ◽  
Daniel Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract The long-term effect of a plant (P)-based diet was assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics in rainbow trout fed a marine fish meal (FM)–fish oil (FO) diet (M), a P-based diet and a control commercial-like diet (C) starting with the first feeding. Growth performances were not heavily altered by long-term feeding on the P-based diet. An 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis of the feed revealed significantly different soluble chemical compound profiles between the diets. A set of soluble chemical compounds was found to be specific either to the P-based diet or to the M diet. Pterin, a biomarker of plant feedstuffs, was identified both in the P-based diet and in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet. 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis on fish plasma and liver and muscle tissues at 6 and 48 h post feeding revealed significantly different profiles between the P-based diet and the M diet, while the C diet showed intermediate results. A higher amino acid content was found in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet compared with the M diet after 48 h, suggesting either a delayed delivery of the amino acids or a lower amino acid utilisation in the P-based diet. This was associated with an accumulation of essential amino acids and the depletion of glutamine in the muscle, together with an accumulation of choline in the liver. Combined with an anticipated absorption of methionine and lysine supplemented in free form, the present results suggest an imbalanced essential amino acid supply for protein metabolism in the muscle and for specific functions of the liver.

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