Feed intake and digestion responses in sheep to the addition of inorganic sulfur to a herbage diet of low sulfur content

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Weston ◽  
JR Lindsay ◽  
DB Purser ◽  
GLR Gordon ◽  
P Davis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Low Sulfur

Young sheep were used in feed intake and digestion studies with a wheaten straw diet of low sulfur (S) content (0.71 g S kg-1 organic matter) fed without additional S (low S diet) or containing sodium sulfate (high S diet). With the high S diet, relative to the low S diet, (i) the levels of sulfide in rumen liquor were elevated, (ii) less time was spent in ruminating activities, (iii) rumen liquor volume tended to be lower (-l0%), (iv) indigestible markers were cleared more rapidly from the rumen (approx. +16%), (v) more organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre were digested in the stomach and in the alimentary tract as a whole (+8-16%), (vi) more non-ammonia nitrogen (NAN) flowed into the intestines (+13%) and this NAN had a higher content of sulfur amino acids (+ 17%), (vii) a greater quantity of NAN was digested in the intestines per unit of digestible OM intake (+ 12%), (viii) the concentrations of various amino acids in venous blood were substantially lower, and (ix) fungal activity in the rumen was higher. The number of bites performed on each rumination bolus was inversely related to fungal activity in the rumen, but the latter was not related to OM digestibility or to the sulfur amino acid content of the NAN flowing into the intestines. The OM digestibility was inversely related to the rate of clearance of markers from the rumen with the low S diet but not the high S diet. Voluntary feed consumption was similar with both diets, and in the low S diet it was inversely related to OM digestibility and positively related to marker clearance rate from the rumen. Digestible OM intake under conditions of ad libitum feeding was higher with the high S diet (+11%) and positively related to fungal activity in the rumen and to the sulfur amino acid content of the NAN flowing into the intestines. The data indicate that an inadequate amount of S in the low S diet impaired the metabolism of the rumen microbiota which in turn affected variables relating to digestion and metabolism. A quantitatively significant role for the anaerobic fungi in the structural degradation of fibre is suggested and attention is drawn to the need for studies on both feed consumption regulation with low S diets and the relation between herbage S status and the sulfur amino acid content of the rumen microbiota.

Evaluation of seed amino acid content and its correlation network analysis in wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Awatsaya Chotekajorn ◽  
Takuyu Hashiguchi ◽  
Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽  
Hidenori Tanaka ◽  
Ryo Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content

AbstractWild soybean (Glycine soja) is a valuable genetic resource for soybean improvement. Seed composition profiles provide beneficial information for the effective conservation and utilization of wild soybeans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variation in free amino acid abundance in the seeds of wild soybean germplasm collected in Japan. The free amino acid content in the seeds from 316 accessions of wild soybean ranged from 0.965 to 5.987 mg/g seed dry weight (DW), representing a 6.2-fold difference. Three amino acids had the highest coefficient of variation (CV): asparagine (1.15), histidine (0.95) and glutamine (0.94). Arginine (0.775 mg/g DW) was the predominant amino acid in wild soybean seeds, whereas the least abundant seed amino acid was glutamine (0.008 mg/g DW). A correlation network revealed significant positive relationships among most amino acids. Wild soybean seeds from different regions of origin had significantly different levels of several amino acids. In addition, a significant correlation between latitude and longitude of the collection sites and the total free amino acid content of seeds was observed. Our study reports diverse phenotypic data on the free amino acid content in seeds of wild soybean resources collected from throughout Japan. This information will be useful in conservation programmes for Japanese wild soybean and for the selection of accessions with favourable characteristics in future legume crop improvement efforts.

scholarly journals 24-Epibrassinolide Restores the Synthesis of Proteins and Amino Acids in Brassica juncea L. Leaves Under Imidacloprid Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anket Sharma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Thukral ◽  
Renu Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Abstract Pesticides are applied to protect crops from a variety of insect pests but their application cause toxicity to plants that results, among others, in reduction of protein as well as amino acid contents. The present study is aimed at observing the effect of seed pre-soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on the protein and amino acid content in the leaves of Brassica juncea L. grown in soil that is amended with pesticide im-idacloprid (IMI). Soil amendment with IMI resulted in a decrease in the contents in leaves of total proteins and 21 amino acids studied. Seed soaking with 100 nM of EBL resulted in the recovery of total protein as well as amino acid contents in leaves, when compared with plants grown in only IMI amended soils.

Development of high protein soybean experimental lines with enhanced sulfur amino acid content

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alaa Alaswad
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Line ◽  
Modest Improvement

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Soybean is one of the most important field crops grown in the United States. Commercial soybeans contain about 36 - 40% protein and 18 - 20% oil, by dry weight. Most of the soybean produced in the U.S. is utilized for oil production and animal feed. Even though soybean is a rich source of protein for livestock and humans, the nutritional quality of soybean can be further enhanced if the concentration of sulfur containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, can be increased. Previously, our lab has employed transgenic approaches to increase the nutritive value of soybean by expressing heterologous sulfur-rich seed proteins and by manipulating the sulfur assimilatory pathway. Even though modest improvement in the nutritive value has been obtained by these approaches, till now no high yielding soybean cultivars with high protein and high sulfur amino acid content has been developed. Such cultivars will be of great value for the agricultural industry especially in animal feed. In this study, I have crossed a South Korean high protein soybean line (Lee5) with a transgenic soybean line with elevated sulfur amino acid content (CS) and developed soybean experimental lines that were advanced to F4:5 seeds. Theses experimental lines exhibit both high protein and high sulfur amino acid content. The protein content of their seeds has been increased 8 to 14% while their oil content has decreased 5 to 7% when compared with CS. Furthermore, I have successfully introduced the cytosolic isoform of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS), the overexpressed transgene, from CS into these crosses. The activity of OASS has been increased 5 to 20-fold in experimental lines when compared to Lee5.

The Oocytes of the Goby Pomatoschistus minutus. III. Determination of Amino Acid Component

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1094-1095
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Riehl
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Acid Component ◽  
Pomatoschistus Minutus ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Component

Abstract The oocytes of the marine goby Pomatoschistus minutus were analyzed for their amino acid content. Most of the amino acids exist as protein, only a little part is free or peptide-bound. Among the protein-bound amino acids, high levels of glutamic acid, proline, alanine, aspartic acid, valine and leucine were detected. These represent more than 60% of the protein amino acids. Among the free acids, glutamic acid, serine and alanine, are dominant. There are no certain proofs of the occurrence of peptide pools in the oocytes of Pomatoschistus minutus.

scholarly journals THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF HYPERTENSIN II AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL RELATIONSHIP TO HYPERTENSIN I

1956 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Lentz ◽  
Leonard T. Skeggs ◽  
Kenneth R. Woods ◽  
Joseph R. Kahn ◽  
Norman P. Shumway
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Terminal Sequence ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Preparations of hypertensin II, obtained from the treatment of hypertensin I by the action of the hypertensin converting enzyme of plasma and purified by countercurrent distribution, were quantitatively analyzed for their amino acid content. Chromatography on ion exchange columns showed the presence of equimolar amounts of aspartic acid, proline, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine. Hypertensin I was found to contain one mole of leucine and one mole of histidine in addition to the amino acids of hypertensin II. These two amino acids were isolated from the conversion products of hypertensin I and identified as the peptide histidylleucine. Carboxypeptidase digestion of hypertensin I showed the carboxyl terminal sequence of amino acids to be residue-phenylalanyl-histidylleucine. Similar studies of hypertensin II demonstrated residue-phenylalanine. It was concluded that the conversion of hypertensin I by the plasma hypertensin converting enzyme involved hydrolysis of the phenylalanyl-histidine bond to form hypertensin II and histidylleucine. The further removal by carboxypeptidase of phenylalanine from hypertensin II destroyed all of the vasoconstrictor activity.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF AMINO ACIDS IN 8 DIFFERENT BOILED TROPICAL FRUITS

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Radha Palaniswamy ◽  
Dhanyasri Selvaraj ◽  
Sandhiya Renganathan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Good Balance

Objective: To determine the protein quality, especially the amino acid content of 8 tropical fruits both raw and boiled samples. Eight different tropical fruits were used in the study (Apricot, Jamun, Dragonfruit, Pomegranate, Mangustan, Litchi, Jackfruit, and Kiwi.Methods: Ninhydrin method was used for the estimation of the concentration of amino acids present in the above fruits. Raw and boiled fruits were used for the study.Results: Both raw and boiled forms which showed thats Jamun and Mangustan contained highest concentration amino acids whereas apricot shows the lowest concentration of amino acids except in Jamun which showed higher values in the raw fruit whereas in others the boiled samples showed higher values.Conclusion: It was evident that tropical fruits have a good balance of the essential amino acids (both raw and boiled fomr) which provide significant sources of protein in our diet.

THE METABOLISM OF YEAST SPORULATION: VI. CHANGES IN AMINO ACID CONTENT DURING SPOROGENESIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ramirez ◽  
J. J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Sporulation Medium ◽  
Free Proline

During 6-day exposures of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to acetate sporulation medium, the content of free amino acids declined to approximately one-third of that of vegetative cells, but proline was exceptional in that it increased conspicuously in amount. The content of combined amino acids also diminished to about one-third, ammonia was evolved, and amino acids (not including proline) passed out of the cells into the medium. When dihydroxyacetone replaced acetate in the sporulation medium, the results were similar except that the decline in content of free and combined amino acids was much greater, more ammonia was evolved, and only very small amounts of amino acids could be detected in the medium. Transfer of sporulated cells to growth medium led to an increase in the pool of free amino acids, except for proline, which declined in amount.In two other species of Saccharomyces the free proline content also increased on exposure to sporulation medium, but in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Torulopsis famata no such increase was observed.

AMINO ACID AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF Poa pratensis AS RELATED TO NITROGEN APPLICATION AND COLOR

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. NELSON ◽  
F. W. SOSULSKI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Nitrogen Application

Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) plots receiving 2.5, 2.0, 1.7, 1.2, or 0.8 kg N∙100 m−2 each season in three equal amounts on approximately 15 May, 1 July, and 15 Aug. were analyzed for protein and amino acid content, as well as for the proportions of alcohol-soluble and salt-soluble proteins. Aspartic acid content of protein was the only amino acid that showed a positive regression with both the amount of nitrogen applied and turfgrass color, while the proline content of the dormant grass was highly dependent upon the amount of nitrogen applied during the summer. Total protein was highly dependent upon the nitrogen applied throughout the season and may, in part, explain the greener spring and fall color but, more probably, the high levels of salt-soluble protein in spring and fall mediated the spring and fall greening effects observed. At least 1.7 kg N∙100 m−2 season was required to ensure early greening the following spring.Key words: Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis, nitrogen, amino acids, protein fractions, color

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