MAJOR AND MINOR ELEMENT STATUS OF HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY ALFALFA

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. MacLean ◽  
W. M. Langille
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

A study was made of the major and minor element status of healthy and unhealthy alfalfa. Elements determined were calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and boron. Unhealthy alfalfa was found to be deficient in potassium and/or boron, the critical levels being 1 per cent and 20 parts per million respectively.The levels of other major and minor elements were similar in both healthy and unhealthy plants. Available soil boron was apparently positively correlated with plant tissue boron.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHOLE GRAINS IN COMMON BEANS LANDRACES AND BREEDING GENOTYPES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Antonio Peripolli Bevilaqua ◽  
Iraja Ferreira Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Common ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

The common bean has been object of breeding programs aiming the development of new cultivars adapted to varied production system and shown differentiated nutritional characteristics. Due a genetic diversity existent the landraces can be used directly for cropping, for present characteristics desirable. Little information exists about mineral content and other quality traits for those bean landraces. The aim of this paper was to verify the variability for grain nutricional caracters in breeding cultivars and landraces of bean from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2009/2010 in Experimental Station Cascata, of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. In whole grain of 54 bean genotypes with black and no black coat were determined macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), oligoelements (iron, manganese, zinc and cuprum), protein and ash content, insoluble fiber, digestive nutrient and antioxidant astragalina. The results shown that the landraces varieties presents nutritional composition of macro and oligoelements, fibers, protein and ash contents in whole grain similar than that of breeding lines and cultivars. The black coat grain from breeding programs showed better nutritional quality for macro and oligoelements content than coloured grain, highlighting TB 02-04 e TB 01-01. The landraces with coloured grains TB 02-26, TB 02-24 and TB 03-13 showed the high levels of astragaline.

scholarly journals Suitability of pine bark to evaluate pollution caused by cement-lime dust

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S93-S98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Świercz
Keyword(s):  
Pine Bark ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Air Contamination ◽  
Dust Fall ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Variable Content ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper is to show the application of pine bark to indicate the level of air contamination by cement-lime dust and to determine the impact range of cement plants. The pine bark was analyzed in the forested formed around three cement plants in the Świętokrzyski administrative district (South of Poland). The test results were compared with the results gained from the controlled forested areas, free from alkali contamination. The strongly alkali areas show high pH<sub>H2O</sub> of bark in the range of 7.2–8.5 and low coefficient of change v% = 2.2. The pine bark values of pH<sub>H2O</sub> in the alkali areas are on average 2.5 times as high as those achieved in the controlled area (natural pH of bark shows the range of 2.8–3.5). On the basis of the measurements of pH<sub>H2O</sub> there are five alkali-forested spheres determined. The existence of the forest spheres confirms the variable mineral composition of the bark, and first of all the variable content of calcium, magnesium, potassium, aluminium, manganese, zinc and iron as a function of the distance from the emitter and real dust fall.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mineral and heavy metal contents in Croatian blackberry wines

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Amidžić Klarić ◽  
I. Klarić ◽  
D. Velić ◽  
I. Vedrina Dragojević
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Manganese Magnesium

The mineral and heavy metal contents in 17 commercially available Croatian blackberry wines were determined by FAAS/FAES and GFAAS. The concentrations of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, chromium, and cadmium were between (in mg/l) 924&ndash;1507, 11.81&ndash;120.10, 86.4&ndash;457.1, 183.4&ndash;381.2, 0.082&ndash;6.273, 0.058&ndash;0.767, 1.47&ndash;11.53, 0.247&ndash;6.645, and (in &micro;g/l) 3.21&ndash;11.89, 10.08&ndash;15.88, and 0.55&ndash;9.9, respectively. A negative correlation was found between the concentrations of macro (Mg) and micro (Fe) minerals. Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between the concentrations of manganese, cadmium, and cobalt that indicated the origin of these elements in the anthropogenic source. Multivariate analyses (PCA/LDA) showed that the distinct patterns of the metal contents in blackberry wines could be identified with quite satisfactory accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) with the subregion of the origin. In regard to the results obtained, Croatian blackberry wines could be considered as safe from the health risk point of view and as a good additional source of the essential nutrients investigated such as manganese, magnesium, and potassium.

ARSENIC-INDUCED DOWNSHIFT OF RAMAN BAND POSITIONS FOR PYRITE

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1589-1600
Author(s):  
Qiaoqiao Zhu ◽  
Nigel J. Cook ◽  
Guiqing Xie ◽  
Benjamin P. Wade ◽  
Cristiana L. Ciobanu
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Raman Band ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Band Position ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Pyrite commonly incorporates a wide range of trace and minor elements, which in turn may modify some of the mineral’s physical and chemical properties. Published band position data for the Raman spectra of pyrite show a wide variation, and the relationship between band position and the trace/minor element incorporation in pyrite is poorly constrained until now. This prompted a case study on pyrite with varying As content from the Shizilishan Sr-(Pb-Zn) deposit, eastern China, combining electron probe microanalysis with Raman spectroscopy. Results show a significant correlation, with a major downshift (~10 cm–1) of the positions of all three Raman bands with increase of As content from below 0.05 to 4.89 wt % in pyrite. This phenomenon is attributed to increased bond lengths and local distortions within an expanded pyrite crystal structure. Results highlight the potential that Raman spectroscopy offers to estimate the contents of trace/minor elements—especially As—in pyrite. Given that substitution of As into pyrite often facilitates co-incorporation of both economically useful (Au) and environmentally significant elements (Hg and Tl), Raman methodology could provide valuable, rapid assessment of pyrite chemistry in both gold deposit exploration and environmental science, although the impact of laser heating and mechanical polishing needs to be avoided or effectively reduced. Raman spectroscopy may also find a valuable future role within semiautomated multispectral analytical platforms that can generate close- to-real-time geologic information on freshly drilled core directly at the drill site or in outcrop.

Identification of the occurrence of minor elements in the structure of diatomaceous opal using FIB and TEM-EDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1323-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yuan ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
Junming Zhou ◽  
Qian Tian ◽  
Yaran Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Diatom Frustule ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
And Storage

Abstract The occurrence of minor elements in the structure of biogenic diatomaceous opal-A is an important issue because it is closely related to biogeochemical processes driven by the precipitation, sedimentation, and storage of diatoms, as well as to the properties and applications of diatomite, which is the sedimentary rock composed of diatomaceous opal-A. However, to date, there is no direct microscopic evidence for the existence of minor elements, such as Al, Fe, and Mg, in the structure of diatomaceous opal-A, because such evidence requires observation of the internal structure of frustules to exclude the disturbance of impurity minerals, which is technically challenging using conventional techniques. In this work, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping analysis were performed on diatomaceous opal-A from three typical diatomite specimens that were pretreated using focused ion beam (FIB) thinning. This technique produces a slice of a diatom frustule for direct TEM observation of the internal structure of the diatomaceous opal-A. The results of this work clearly indicate that minor elements, such as Al, Fe, Ca, and Mg, conclusively exist within the siliceous framework of diatomaceous opal-A. The contents of these minor elements are at atomic ratio levels of 1 (minor element)/10 000 (Si) – 1/100, regardless of the genus of the diatoms. The occurrence of minor elements in the internal structure is likely through biological uptake during biosynthesis by living diatoms. Moreover, surface coatings composed of aluminosilicates on diatom frustules are common, and the contents of elements such as Al and Fe are tens or hundreds of times higher in the coatings than in the internal siliceous structure of diatomaceous opal-A. The discovery of the incorporation of the above-mentioned minor elements in the diatomaceous opal-A structure, both in the internal Si-O framework and on the surface, updates the knowledge about the properties of diatomite.

Radiation-Induced Minor Element Segregation at Austenitic Stainless Steel Grain Boundaries

1996 ◽  
Vol 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Simonen ◽  
S. M. Bruemmer
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rate Theory ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Irradiation Behavior

AbstractMeasurement of minor element compositions at irradiated grain boundaries in austenitic stainless steels indicates that Si is the only element that significantly responds to radiation-induced segregation. Other minor elements, such as P or S, do not exhibit elevated grain boundary concentrations after irradiation. A rate theory evaluation of segregation is in accord with ioninduced Si enrichment, but reveals complexities in the interpretation of extrapolating behavior from ion-irradiation to neutron-irradiation behavior. The model calibrated to measured high-rate, ioninduced segregation greatly overestimates measured low-rate, neutron-irradiation segregation of Si.

Corrigendum - Yield depression due to phosphate fertilizer in sugar-cane

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
RA Yates
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Ratio Effect ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Yield Depression

A large series of trials involving phosphate fertilizer showed that yields of cane could be reduced by the application of superphosphate at rates of up to 2 cwt/acre in four distinct areas. In these areas, the yield response to phosphate was dependent on the rate of nitrogen fertilization; yield depression only occurred where the nitrogen supply was adequate; phosphate could increase yields at low nitrogen. In most cases, the yield depression was associated with a low calcium/ magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio in the soil (a ratio of less than 3.0 in terms of milliequivalents). On soils with high Ca/Mg ratios, regressions of yield response on soil or leaf phosphate indicated critical levels similar to those accepted elsewhere. Significant regressions could not be obtained from soils with low Ca/Mg ratios. A few trials testing a phosphate x trace element interaction indicated that the phosphate yield depression in at least one area was due to an induced deficiency of some trace element. The trace element effect is independent of the Ca/Mg ratio effect.

scholarly journals Physical and Biochemical Assessment of Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum Officinarum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Biochemical Assessment ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Bagasse was milled into small size of 0.200152 mm volume surface mean diameter. The powder was found to be a rich source of many macro and micro nutrients, namely Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, and Copper. FTIR spectrum indicates the possible presence of polysaccharides like cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses, and polyphenols in the bagasse sample. Micro-images of the bagasse obtained through SEM shows the features of fiber structures. The fiber cells are cross-linked and surface seems to be rough and thick-walled. The fiber pith was found to have pits at some places. Proximate analysis through EDX shows the high proportions of Carbon (44.51%) and Oxygen (55.49%).

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