Correction;Chelometric Titration of Calcium Magnesium in Plant Tissue. Method for Elimination of Interfering Ions

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
R. Carlson ◽  
C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Interfering Ions

MAJOR AND MINOR ELEMENT STATUS OF HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY ALFALFA

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. MacLean ◽  
W. M. Langille
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

A study was made of the major and minor element status of healthy and unhealthy alfalfa. Elements determined were calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and boron. Unhealthy alfalfa was found to be deficient in potassium and/or boron, the critical levels being 1 per cent and 20 parts per million respectively.The levels of other major and minor elements were similar in both healthy and unhealthy plants. Available soil boron was apparently positively correlated with plant tissue boron.

The effect of potassium on the growth and chemical composition of some tropical and temperate pastrure legumes. II. Potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chloride

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Andrew ◽  
MF Robins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Seven tropical and four temperate pasture legumes were grown in pots of a potassium-deficient soil with varying additions of potassium chloride. Growth responses and chemical composition were recorded. From the latter, data and discussion are presented for two groups of nutrients: cations (potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium) and nitrogen, phosphorus, and chloride. The multiple analyses permitted (a) an assessment of the effect of potassium chloride treatment on the above elements in the various plants, (b) a check of nutrient sufficiency at all levels of potassium treatment, and (c) the partial mineral characterization of those species. Species used were Phaseolus lathyroides, P. atropurpureus, Desrnodium intortum, D. uncinatum, Stylosanthes humilis, Lotononis bainesii, Centrosema pubescens, Medicago sativa, M. truncatula, Trifolium repens, and T. fragiferum. Within the cation group, potassium application had little effect on the plant potassium concentration at low treatment levels, despite large increases in growth; at medium to high application rates, potassium concentration increased in the plant tissue. Potassium treatment caused decreases in calcium, magnesium, and sodium in the plant tissue, but these effects were not general for all species. In P. lathyroides, P. atropurpureus, and M. sativa the effect of added potassium chloride on plant calcium was relatively small compared with that for the remaining species. In C. pubescens, M. truncatula, and T. fragiferum there was little to no effect of potassium chloride on magnesium concentration; in other species the uptake of magnesium was depressed. Sodium concentrations in D. intortum, D. uncinatum, and C. pubescens were not affected by potassium chloride additions; in other species there were substantial reductions. In both cases, magnesium and sodium, the species which did not show any interaction with potassium chloride were relatively low in magnesium and sodium respectively. There was little effect of treatment on total cation contents. Potassium chloride applications had no effect on plant nitrogen concentration but increased the concentration of chloride and decreased that of phosphorus; these effects, however, were also conditioned by species. The Desrnodium species were depressed in growth by high chloride.

Problems with permineralization of peat

1985 ◽  
Vol 311 (1148) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Fossils ◽  
Common Process ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
Silicate Carbonate

I must begin by congratulating these three authors on their comprehensive and lucid reviews of the processes of plant permineralization which are both complicated and still, in certain respects, perplexing. There is little in what they say that I am competent to dispute. None the less, I assume it is my prerogative, indeed my obligation, to seek out some areas of contention, lest our discussion should devolve into mere amiable acquiescence. It is perhaps appropriate to start by remarking on the rather obvious fact that the preservation of truly cellular detail in animal fossils is exceedingly rare (setting aside unicells, such as forams, and bone tissue); whereas in plants, even in prokaryotes, preservation of cellular structure in silicate, carbonate or pyrite is not all that uncommon. Such preservation is, inevitably, in some degree concomitant with the possession of cell walls. It is also, for palaeobotanists, one of the huge compensations for the relative rarity of plant fossils, compared with animals, throughout the geological record. However, although permineralized plants have now been studied for over 150 years, we still know remarkably little about the processes resulting in this permineralization. There are two main respects in which we remain ignorant of the permineralization process. First, even now, there is no general agreement about the source, either of the silicon in silicification, or of the cations (calcium, magnesium) in coal balls. There is continuing debate about whether the mineral matter came in each of these rather different cases, from ‘above’ or ‘below’, and indeed whether in each instance a single common process is involved. Secondly, we still have no present-day environment that offers a model for either silicification or calcification resulting in cellular preservation of higher plant tissue in a swamp environment.

Freeze-fracture, freeze-etch complementary pairs of virus-infected cells reveal value of etching even when relatively high concentrations of cryoprotectants are used

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Virus Infected Plant ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
High Concentrations

It has been assumed by many involved in freeze-etch or freeze-fracture studies that it would be useless to etch specimens which were cryoprotected by more than 15% glycerol. We presumed that the amount of cryoprotective material exposed at the surface would serve as a contaminating layer and prevent the visualization of fine details. Recent unexpected freeze-etch results indicated that it would be useful to compare complementary replicas in which one-half of the frozen-fractured specimen would be shadowed and replicated immediately after fracturing whereas the complement would be etched at -98°C for 1 to 10 minutes before being shadowed and replicated.Standard complementary replica holders (Steere, 1973) with hinges removed were used for this study. Specimens consisting of unfixed virus-infected plant tissue infiltrated with 0.05 M phosphate buffer or distilled water were used without cryoprotectant. Some were permitted to settle through gradients to the desired concentrations of different cryoprotectants.

Freeze-Fracture Studies of Membranes in Developing Sieve Elements in a Plant Tissue Culture

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
R. D. Sjolund ◽  
C. Y. Shih
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Intact Plants ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Similar Elements

The differentiation of phloem in plant tissue cultures offers a unique opportunity to study the development and structure of sieve elements in a manner that avoids the injury responses associated with the processing of similar elements in intact plants. Short segments of sieve elements formed in tissue cultures can be fixed intact while the longer strands occuring in whole plants must be cut into shorter lengths before processing. While iyuch controversy surrounds the question of phloem function in tissue cultures , sieve elements formed in these cultured cells are structurally similar to those of Intact plants. We are particullarly Interested In the structure of the plasma membrane and the peripheral ER in these cells because of their possible role in the energy-dependent active transport of sucrose into the sieve elements.

Development of Plant Tissue Culture Profile of Dioscorea deltoidea

Planta Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mujeeb ◽  
M Amir ◽  
AS Nadeem ◽  
M Aqil ◽  
AK Najmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Dioscorea Deltoidea

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue from aqueous solutions using nanopillars-TiO2 thin films: Batch reactor studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lalhriatpuia
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Bet Specific Surface Area ◽  
Interfering Ions

Nanopillars-TiO2 thin films was obtained on a borosilicate glass substrate with (S1) and without (S2) polyethylene glycol as template. The photocatalytic behaviour of S1 and S2 thin films was assessed inthe degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution under batch reactor operations. The thin films were characterized by the SEM, XRD, FTIR and AFM analytical methods. BET specific surface area and pore sizes were also obtained. The XRD data confirmed that the TiO2 particles are in its anatase mineral phase. The SEM and AFM images indicated the catalyst is composed with nanosized pillars of TiO2, evenly distributed on the surface of the substrate. The BET specific surface area and pore sizes of S1 and S2 catalyst were found to be 5.217 and 1.420 m2/g and 7.77 and 4.16 nm respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was well studied at wide range of physico-chemical parameters. The effect of solution pH (pH 4.0 to 10.0) and MB initial concentration (1.0 to 10.0 mg/L) was extensively studied and the effect of several interfering ions, i.e., cadmium nitrate, copper sulfate, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, glycine, oxalic acid and EDTA in the photocatalytic degradation of MB was demonstrated. The maximum percent removal of MB was observed at pH 8.0 beyond which it started decreasing and a low initial concentration of the pollutant highly favoured the photocatalytic degradation using thin films and the presence of several interfering ions diminished the photocatalytic activity of thin films to some extent. The overall photocatalytic activity was in the order: S2 > S1 > UV. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was followed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The mineralization of MB was studied with total organic carbon measurement using the TOC (total organic carbon) analysis.

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