scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHOLE GRAINS IN COMMON BEANS LANDRACES AND BREEDING GENOTYPES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Antonio Peripolli Bevilaqua ◽  
Iraja Ferreira Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Common ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

The common bean has been object of breeding programs aiming the development of new cultivars adapted to varied production system and shown differentiated nutritional characteristics. Due a genetic diversity existent the landraces can be used directly for cropping, for present characteristics desirable. Little information exists about mineral content and other quality traits for those bean landraces. The aim of this paper was to verify the variability for grain nutricional caracters in breeding cultivars and landraces of bean from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2009/2010 in Experimental Station Cascata, of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. In whole grain of 54 bean genotypes with black and no black coat were determined macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), oligoelements (iron, manganese, zinc and cuprum), protein and ash content, insoluble fiber, digestive nutrient and antioxidant astragalina. The results shown that the landraces varieties presents nutritional composition of macro and oligoelements, fibers, protein and ash contents in whole grain similar than that of breeding lines and cultivars. The black coat grain from breeding programs showed better nutritional quality for macro and oligoelements content than coloured grain, highlighting TB 02-04 e TB 01-01. The landraces with coloured grains TB 02-26, TB 02-24 and TB 03-13 showed the high levels of astragaline.

scholarly journals Physical and Biochemical Assessment of Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum Officinarum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Biochemical Assessment ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Bagasse was milled into small size of 0.200152 mm volume surface mean diameter. The powder was found to be a rich source of many macro and micro nutrients, namely Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, and Copper. FTIR spectrum indicates the possible presence of polysaccharides like cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses, and polyphenols in the bagasse sample. Micro-images of the bagasse obtained through SEM shows the features of fiber structures. The fiber cells are cross-linked and surface seems to be rough and thick-walled. The fiber pith was found to have pits at some places. Proximate analysis through EDX shows the high proportions of Carbon (44.51%) and Oxygen (55.49%).

scholarly journals Nutrient Release from Controlled-release Fertilizers in Acid Substrate in a Greenhouse Environment: II. Leachate Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper, and Molybdenum Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 788-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Donald J. Merhaut ◽  
Julie P. Newman ◽  
Joseph P. Albano
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Acid Substrate ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizers

Leachate from containerized substrate containing one of four different controlled-release fertilizers (Osmocote, Nutricote, Polyon, or Multicote) were monitored for concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Mo during a 47-week period. Environmental and cultural practices simulated an unheated greenhouse production program typically used for low-nutrient-requiring crops such as azalea and camellia. Leachate concentrations of all nutrients were relatively high during the first 10 to 20 weeks of the study, and then gradually decreased during the remaining portion of the experiment. Few differences were observed among fertilizer types. Of the elements monitored, only Fe and Mn leachate concentrations were above critical levels specified in the Clean Water Act by the U.S. EPA.

Aspects of the Mineral Nutrition of the Western Australian Christmas Tree (Nuytsia floribunda (Labill.) R. Br.), With Special Reference to the Main Root

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A study was made of the shape, dimensions and possible nutritional significance of the main root of the hemi parasite Nuytsia floribunda. Levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper were determined in the main root: haustoria, xylem sap, mucilage, trunk and leaves. The main root was approximately turnip-shaped and there was no evidence of a tap-root. Haustoria were confined to the top 15-20 cm of the soil and were attached to a variety of woody and herbaceous host plants. Haustoria contained the highest levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, the trunk and main root the highest levels of calcium, magnesium and sodium. Potassium and sodium accounted for 75% of the minerals in xylem sap. calcium and magnesium for 60% of the minerals in mucilage which exuded from wounds in the main root. Concentration gradients of most minerals existed across the main root. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and sodium were more concentrated in the outer zone of the root, calcium, magnesium, manganese and copper in the central part. Nuytsia appears to draw on stored nutrients in some situations. Conservative estimates suggested that nutrient reserves in the main root could not provide the amounts required for flower and fruit production. It was concluded that reproductive and vegetative growth draws on reserves in organs other than the main root and the extensive lateral root system may be important in this respect.

scholarly journals Calcium, Magnesium and Micronutrient Uptake in Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) under Arsenic and Salinity Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
J Sufian ◽  
A Golchin ◽  
A Avanes
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Micronutrient Uptake ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Heavy metals are elements that mainly have a 5-22 gr.cm-3 specific gravity. Some of these metals are essential micronutrients for plant growth (Such as Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co)). Some other heavy metals, have a high toxicity properties such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg). In order to investigate the potential of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) in the uptake of elements from nutrient solutions with different salinities, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse. In this experiment, different levels of arsenic were zero, 5, 10, 20, 40, 40, 80 and 160 mg.L-1, which were obtained from sodium arsenate source and added to Epstein’s nutrient solution to obtain the mentioned concentrations. The salt concentration of the nutrient solution was 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mM which was prepared from sodium chloride source and added to Epstein solution. After making nutrient solutions with different salinity and concentrations, watercress was cultivated. The ANOVA results showed that the interaction of salinity and arsenic levels on the calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper concentrations in watercress was significant at the level of one percent probability. The highest concentrations of these elements were obtained in the levels without salinity and arsenic and the lowest values were obtained in the 80 mM salinity levels and 160 mg.l-1 arsenic.

Performance Evaluation of a Developed Dried Grass Shredding Machine for Composting

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Patrick Okechukwu Ebunilo ◽  
Victor Eruero Atumah ◽  
Ejiroghene Kelly Orhorhoro
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Percentage Loss ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Iron Manganese

In Nigeria Arable land covers approximately 745,000km2 of the total land area and at present organic farming is not prevalent, encouraged or facilitated despite its sustainability advantages. The anaerobic digestion process produces two main outputs (biogas and digestate). The digestate when properly harnessed can be used as a substitute for inorganic fertilizer. The digestate retains a high content of organic matter such as Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium (K), as well as a range of other macro-and micronutrients like Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Manganese, Zinc and ammonium. In this research work, a developed grass shredding machine for the composting of a digestate was evaluated for performance. Preliminary studies were undertaken to determine the liquid absorbability of non-shredded grass vise-visa dry shredded grass, the moisture content of fresh elephant and spear grass. An internal combustion powered shredding machine was developed to shred dry and sieve crushed grasses to be used as absorbent of digestate. The machine was evaluated for performance using different samples of properly dried elephant and spear grass. The shredded grasses samples were mixed with discharge digestate collected from a bio-digester to produce organic fertilizer. The shredding time, machine throughout capacity efficiency, mass of fibre and liquor were determined. The results of performance evaluation with elephant grass sample revealed that an average value of efficiency (90.97%), machine through put capacity (1.225g/sec), shredding time (126.54seconds), percentage loss (8.393%), fibre (288.58g) and liquor (119.83g) were established. Similar result were obtained with spear grass; efficiency (90.50%), machine through-put capacity (1.225g/sec), shredding time 126.54 seconds), percentage loss (8.32%), fibre (294.12g), and liquor (118.85g). The outcome of the results revealed that both solid fertilizer (fibre) and liquid fertilizer (liquor) were extracted from the digestate, and an average mass of 138.86g dried grass can absorb 269.55g of liquid digestate to produce organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals Volumetric Quantification and Quality of Water Stored in a Mining Lake: A Case Study at Reocín Mine (Spain)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Noemí Barral ◽  
Raúl Husillos ◽  
Elena Castillo ◽  
Manuel Cánovas ◽  
Elizabeth J. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Consumption ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
New Business ◽  
Volumetric Quantification ◽  
Zinc Mine ◽  
Iron Manganese

This study deals with the potential use of water stored in a lake formed by Reocín’s old zinc mine, which has become the second most important reservoir in Cantabria, with a flow of 1300 L s−1. The methodology used is based on the hydrogeological and hydrochemical characterization of the area studied. A total of 16 piezometers were installed to monitor the amount and quality of water. Results obtained show a pH close to 8 and iron, manganese, zinc, and sulphate concentrations lower than 0.05 mg L−1, 0.05 mg L−1, 1.063 mg L−1, and 1305.5 mg L−1, respectively. The volume of the water stored in the lake amounts to 34 hm3. Measurements show that Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations are below the limits acceptable for human consumption, according to the Spanish 0.2, 0.05, and 5.0 mg L−1 standards, respectively, while sulphate greatly exceeds the 250 mg L−1 limit accepted by the norm. Therefore, the water could be apt for human consumption after a treatment appropriate for decreasing the sulphate level by, for example, reverse osmosis, distillation, or ion exchange. Although industrial and energy uses are possible, the lake water could be utilized as a geothermal energy source. The management of the hydric resources generated when a mine is closed could improve the economic and environmental conditions of the zone, with all the benefits it brings about, thus allowing for compensating of the pumping cost that environmental protection entails, creating, at the same time, a new business opportunity for the company that owns the mine.

Copper, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Cobalt, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chrome, and Lead Concentrations in Liver and Muscle in Iranian Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

2019 ◽  
Vol 194 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-400
Author(s):  
Mehdi Asli ◽  
Mohammad Azizzadeh ◽  
Amir Moghaddamjafari ◽  
Mohammad Mohsenzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Iron Manganese

Response of Early, Medium, and Late Maturing Peanut Breeding Lines to Field Epidemics of Tomato Spotted Wilt

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
J. W. Todd ◽  
D. W. Gorbet ◽  
S. L. Brown ◽  
J. A. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Oleic Acid ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Maturity Groups

Abstract Epidemics of tomato spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV), were monitored in field plots of runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars Georgia Green and Georgia Runner and numerous breeding lines from four different breeding programs as part of efforts toward characterizing breeding lines with potential for release as cultivars. Breeding lines were divided into early, medium and late maturity groups. The tests were conducted near Attapulgus, GA and Marianna, FL in 1997 and in Tifton, GA and Marianna, FL in 1998. Epidemics in some early and medium maturing breeding lines, including some genotypes with high oleic acid oil chemistry, were comparable to those in Georgia Green, the cultivar most frequently used in the southeastern U.S. for suppression of spotted wilt epidemics. No early maturing breeding lines had lower spotted wilt final intensity ratings or higher yields than Georgia Green. However, spotted wilt intensity ratings in some late maturing lines and a smaller number of medium maturing lines were significantly lower than those of Georgia Green. Several of those lines also produced greater pod yields than Georgia Green. Results from these experiments indicated that there is potential for improving management of spotted wilt though development of cultivars that suppress spotted wilt epidemics more than currently available cultivars. There was no indication that differences in spotted wilt ratings corresponded to differences in numbers of thrips adults or larvae.

scholarly journals Detecting bean golden yellow mosaic virus in bean breeding lines and in the common legume weed Macroptilium lathyroides in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Lydia I. Rivera-Vargas ◽  
Vilmaris Bracero-Acosta ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Dan E. Purcifull ◽  
Jane E. Polston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Macroptilium Lathyroides

Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) is a geminivirus transmitted by whiteflies (Genus: Bemisia). This virus causes significant fosses in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Serological techniques such as enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been widely used for detection of viruses. We evaluated existing monoclonal antibodies (3F7,2G5 and 5C5) for the detection of BGYMV isolates in bean fines in Puerto Rico. Monoclonal antibody 3F7 was the most effective in detecting the virus in tissues of line DOR 364 and susceptible cuftivars Top Crop and Quest. However, it was not effective in the detection of BGYMV in lines of DOR 303, which showed typical symptoms. Sampfes from Macroptilium lathyroides, a weed that might be a possible reservoir of the virus, were also tested for viraf infection. ELISA tests were inconclusive for detection of geminiviruses in M. lathyroides. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was also used to complement BGYMV diagnosis in M. lathyroides and in bean lines that showed symptoms but were negative for the ELfSA test. Two sets of primers, specific for Begomovirus such as BGYMV, were used in PCR experiments. Using PCR, we were able to detect the virus in the line DOR 303 and in M. lathyroides tissues.

Flavor Profiles of Wild Species-Derived Peanut Breeding Lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Tallury ◽  
H. E. Pattee ◽  
T. G. Isleib ◽  
H. T. Stalker
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Important Quality

Abstract Several diploid wild species of the genus Arachis L. have been used as sources of resistance to common diseases of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Because flavor is among the most important quality attributes for commercial acceptance of roasted peanuts, sensory attributes of interspecific hybrid derived breeding lines were evaluated to determine if transfer of disease resistance from wild species is associated with concomitant changes in flavor. Sixteen interspecific hybrid derivatives with five diploid species in their ancestries and the commercial flavor standard, NC 7 were evaluated for sensory quality. Significant variation among entries was found for the roasted peanut, sweet, and bitter sensory attributes, but not for the overall contrast between NC 7 and the wild species-derived breeding lines. The variation was either between two groups of wild species-derived breeding lines or within one or both groups. Introduction of disease and pest resistance traits from Arachis species did not result in degradation or improvement of the flavor profile. This suggests that flavor of wild species-derived germplasm will not prevent its use either as parents in peanut breeding programs or as cultivars.

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