Fatty acid composition of milk fat from three breeds of dairy cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. DePeters ◽  
J. F. Medrano ◽  
B. A. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Brown Swiss

The proportion of MCFA in milk fat was lowest for Holstein, highest for Jersey, and intermediate for Brown Swiss cows. Proportions of SCFA (C4:0 to C8:0) and LCFA (> 18 C) did not differ among breeds. Differences in fatty acid composition among breeds were small, but could contribute to differences in manufacturing properties of milk fat. Key words: Holstein, Jersey, Brown Swiss, milk fatty acids

scholarly journals Infant intake of fatty acids from human milk over the first year of lactation

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon R. Mitoulas ◽  
Lyle C. Gurrin ◽  
Dorota A. Doherty ◽  
Jillian L. Sherriff ◽  
Peter E. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids

Despite the importance of human milk fatty acids for infant growth and development, there are few reports describing infant intakes of individual fatty acids. We have measured volume, fat content and fatty acid composition of milk from each breast at each feed over a 24h period to determine the mean daily amounts of each fatty acid delivered to the infant from breast milk at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of lactation in five women. Daily (24h) milk production was 336·60 (sem 26·21) and 414·49 (sem 28·39) ml and milk fat content was 36·06 (sem 1·37) and 34·97 (sem 1·50) g/l for left and right breasts respectively over the course of the first year of lactation. Fatty acid composition varied over the course of the day (mean CV 14·3 (sd 7·7) %), but did not follow a circadian rhythm. The proportions (g/100g total fatty acids) of fatty acids differed significantly between mothers (P<0·05) and over the first year of lactation (P<0·05). However, amounts (g) of most fatty acids delivered to the infant over 24h did not differ during the first year of lactation and only the amounts of 18:3n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 delivered differed between mothers (P<0·05). Mean amounts of 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 delivered to the infant per 24h over the first year of lactation were 2·380 (sd 0·980), 0·194 (sd 0·074), 0·093 (sd 0·031) and 0·049 (sd 0·021) g respectively. These results suggest that variation in proportions of fatty acids may not translate to variation in the amount delivered and that milk production and fat content need to be considered.

scholarly journals Lipid Profile, Lipase Bioactivity, and Lipophilic Antioxidant Content in High Pressure Processed Donor Human Milk

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesolowska ◽  
Brys ◽  
Barbarska ◽  
Strom ◽  
Szymanska-Majchrzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Human Milk Fat

Human milk fat plays an essential role as the source of energy and cell function regulator; therefore, the preservation of unique human milk donors’ lipid composition is of fundamental importance. To compare the effects of high pressure processing (HPP) and holder pasteurization on lipidome, human milk was processed at 62.5 °C for 30 min and at five variants of HPP from 450 MPa to 600 MPa, respectively. Lipase activity was estimated with QuantiChrom™ assay. Fatty acid composition was determined with the gas chromatographic technique, and free fatty acids content by titration with 0.1 M KOH. The positional distribution of fatty acid in triacylglycerols was performed. The oxidative induction time was obtained from the pressure differential scanning calorimetry. Carotenoids in human milk were measured by liquid chromatography. Bile salt stimulated lipase was completely eliminated by holder pasteurization, decreased at 600 MPa, and remained intact at 200 + 400 MPa; 450 MPa. The fatty acid composition and structure of human milk fat triacylglycerols were unchanged. The lipids of human milk after holder pasteurization had the lowest content of free fatty acids and the shortest induction time compared with samples after HPP. HPP slightly changed the β-carotene and lycopene levels, whereas the lutein level was decreased by 40.0% up to 60.2%, compared with 15.8% after the holder pasteurization.

Effect of forage conservation method, concentrate level and propylene glycol on the fatty acid composition and vitamin content of cows' milk

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J Shingfield ◽  
Pirjo Salo-Väänänen ◽  
Eero Pahkala ◽  
Vesa Toivonen ◽  
Seija Jaakkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin Content ◽  
Concentrate Level ◽  
Conservation Method

Based on potential health benefits, there is a need to develop effective strategies for enhancing milk fat concentrations of cis-9 18[ratio ]1, 18[ratio ]3 n-3 and conjugated linoleic (CLA) content in milk without compromising the sensory or storage characteristics of processed milk or dairy products. Sixteen Finnish Ayrshire dairy cows were used in a cyclic change-over experiment with four 21-d experimental periods and a 4×2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of forage conservation method, concentrate level and supplements of propylene glycol (PG), and their interactions on milk fatty acid composition and vitamin content. Experimental treatments consisted of four conserved forages offered ad libitum, supplemented with two levels of a standard concentrate (7 or 10 kg/d) and PG (0 and 210 g/d) fed as three equal meals. Primary growths of timothy and meadow fescue sward were conserved by ensiling with none (NA), an inoculant enzyme preparation (IE) or a formic acid based (FORM) additive or as hay 1 week later. Conservation of grass by drying rather than ensiling resulted in lower forage 18[ratio ]2n-6, 18[ratio ]3n-3, total fatty acid and fat-soluble vitamin concentrations. In spite of lower intakes, milk fat 18[ratio ]2n-6 and 18[ratio ]3n-3 content was higher (P<0·05) for hay than for silage diets (12·1, 9·6, 9·6 and 9·3 and 5·00, 3·51, 4·27 and 2·93 g/kg total fatty acids, for hay, NA, IE and FORM silages, respectively). Forage conservation method had no clear effects on milk trans 18[ratio ]1 or CLA content. Compared with silage, hay diets resulted in milk containing lower (P<0·001) riboflavin, α-tocopherol and β-carotene concentrations, but had no effect on ascorbic acid, thiamine, pyridoxine or retinol content. Feeding more concentrates had no effect on milk fatty acid composition or milk vitamin content, other than lowering (P<0·001) 16[ratio ]0 concentrations from 348 to 338 g/kg fatty acids. Supplements of PG led to small (P<0·05) increases in milk 13[ratio ]0 anteiso and 15[ratio ]0 content from 1·06 and 11·3 to 1·22 and 12·6 g/kg fatty acids and reduced (P<0·05) the concentrations of ascorbic acid (16·1 v. 15·1 g/kg milk).

Milk yield and composition of milk and blood as indicators of energy intake by Jersey cows

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Stobbs ◽  
DJ Brett
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Jersey Cows

Jersey cows were used in a change-over design to examine the effect of three levels of energy intake (lucerne hay at 100, 75 and 50% ad lib.) on milk yield, milk composition, fatty acid composition of milk fat, and blood metabolites (non-esterified fatty acids, glucose and total ketones) to determine which measurement was the most accurate indicator of intake of energy. Milk yields averaged 9.9, 8.7 and 7.2 kg/cow/day with relative intakes of 100, 75 and 50% of ad lib. When energy was restricted the proportion of C4–C16 fatty acids in milk fat decreased (72, 69 and 59%), while the proportion of oleic acid increased (15, 18 and 26%). These changes occurred within approximately 6 days on new energy levels. Fore milk and strippings had similar fatty acid proportions. Restriction of energy reduced the solids not fat, protein and casein contents of milk, and increased its butter fat percentage. Non-esterifred fatty acid levels in blood plasma increased with restriction of feed (348, 528 and 579 µ-equiv./l). Glucose and ketone bodies of blood averaged 58 mg/100 ml and 9.1 mg/100 mi respectively, and did not vary between treatments. It is concluded that milk production is the most sensitive indicator of the intake of digestible energy where change-over designs are used. However, when individual animal variation is not removed in the analysis, the intake of energy is most closely correlated with the fatty acid composition of milk fat (r = 0.73 and –0.74 for C4–C16 acids and oleic acid respectively). Significant correlations with the protein to fat and casein to fat ratios of milk were also measured (r = 0.64 and 0.63 respectively). There was a poor relationship between energy intake and blood composition (r = –0.25 for non-esterified fatty acid content).

scholarly journals Impact of Milking Frequencies on the Level of Free Fatty Acids in Milk, Fat Globule Size, and Fatty Acid Composition

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wiking ◽  
J.H. Nielsen ◽  
A.-K. Båvius ◽  
A. Edvardsson ◽  
K. Svennersten-Sjaunja
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Globule Size ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Fat Globule

scholarly journals The effect of restricted grazing on the fatty acid composition of ovine rnilk fat during early lactation

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Payne ◽  
P. V. Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Major Increase

1. The fatty acid composition of milk fat of Coopworth sheep offered varying pasture allowances has been determined after 1, 14 and 35 d of lactation. Differences in fatty acids occurred, particularly between 1 and 14 d, with a major increase in C18:0 whilst C16:0, C14:0 and C18:3 showed decreases.2. When pasture allowances were restricted there were decreases in the short-chain fatty acids from C6 to C14 and an increase in C18:1 as has been observed previously for cattle. The C18:1:C10 value is a convenient measure of these changes and can be determined more rapidly than determining all the lower fatty acids.3. The increased demand for milk resulting from suckling twin lambs caused an increase in C18:1 and decreases in C10 and C12 due to an increased utilization of body reserves.4. The level of linoleic acid was much greater than has been previously observed in sheep given hay and contributes to the rapid rise in linoleic acid levels in lambs born under grazing conditions.

scholarly journals A novel polymorphism in the oxytocin receptor encoding gene (OXTR) affects milk fatty acid composition in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Cosenza ◽  
Nicolò P P Macciotta ◽  
Anna Nudda ◽  
Angelo Coletta ◽  
Luigi Ramunno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
River Buffalo ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Mediterranean River

The oxytocin receptor, also known as OXTR, is a protein which functions as receptor for the hormone and neurotransmitter oxytocin and the complex oxytocin–oxytocin receptor plays an important role in the uterus during calving. A characterisation of the river buffalo OXTR gene, amino acid sequences and phylogenetic analysis is presented. The DNA regions of the OXTR gene spanning exons 1, 2 and 3 of ten Mediterranean river buffalo DNA samples were analysed and 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms were found. We focused on the g.129C > T SNP detected in exon 3 and responsible for the amino acid replacement CGCArg > TGCCys in position 353. The relative frequency of T allele was of 0·257. An association study between this detected polymorphism and milk fatty acids composition in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo was carried out. The fatty acid composition traits, fatty acid classes and fat percentage of 306 individual milk samples were determined. Associations between OXTR g.129C > T genotype and milk fatty acids composition were tested using a mixed linear model. The OXTR CC genotype was found significantly associated with higher contents of odd branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA) (P < 0·0006), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA n 3 and n 6) (P < 0·0032 and P < 0·0006, respectively), stearic acid (C18) (P < 0·02) and lower level of palmitic acid (C16) (P < 0·02). The results of this study suggest that the OXTR CC animals might be useful in selection toward the improvement of milk fatty acid composition.

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