Productivity of farmed wapiti in Alberta

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Friedel ◽  
R. J. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Production Ratio ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
On Farm

Calving and weaning rates of 1084 wapiti hinds (females) were collected in the 1990 season by an on-farm survey of 50 producers in Alberta, to determine the reproductive performance of farmed wapiti. A calving rate of 81 and 96% for 2-yr-old and adult hinds, respectively, gave a provincial herd average of 93%. Weaning rates of 73% for 2-yr-old and 91% for adult hinds resulted in an 88% weaning rate overall. One set of triplets and three sets of twins gave a multiple birth ratio of one in 271 calvings. Overall calf mortality was 5.2% in the survey, with a trend (P = 0.07) for 2-yr olds to experience higher calf mortalities (9.5%) than adult hinds (4.4%). Dystocia accounted for two-thirds of the total calf mortalities reported in the survey. Although 2-yr olds calved later than adult hinds (11 June vs. 6 June), hind pre-rut weight influenced calving dates. Male calves were heavier (94 vs. 85 kg, (P = 0.0001) than female calves at 100 d due to their faster growth rate (753 vs. 686 g d−1, P = 0.0001). Growth rate and consequently weaning weights were positively influenced by hind pre-rut weight. The mean length of the breeding season was 111 d with producers exposing an average of 21 hinds per breeding stag on 1.2 ha of pasture per wapiti yr−1. The calf production ratio at 200 d was 52.5 kg calf per 100 kg hind for individual females weaning a calf, and was 46.2 kg calf per 100 kg of hind exposed on a herd basis. Pre-rut weaning was associated with improved calving (3.3%), weaning rates (2.6% in adult hinds and 13.4% in young hinds), decreased calf mortality (3.2%), advanced calving dates (5 d), and improved growth to 200 d (8%). Key words: Game farming, wapiti, reproduction, calving, weaning, growth

Evaluation of beef breeds for rangeland weaner production in Zimbabwe 1. Productivity of purebred cows

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. R. Tawonezvi ◽  
H. K. Ward ◽  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
D. Light
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Rapid Growth Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calving Rate

ABSTRACTPurebred cows were evaluated for reproductive performance and live weight, and for pre-weaning growth and viability of crossbred progeny sired by unrelated breeds. The cows comprised three indigenous breeds, Mashona, Nkone and Tuli and four exotic breeds Africander, Brahman, Sussex and Charolais. Over 3 years, the mean calving rates % (s.e.) were 55·5 (3·0), 76·0 (3·8), 63·1 (4·5), 69·6 (3·5), 70·0 (3·8), 60·0 (4·3) and 67·0 (5·0) for Africander, Mashona, Nkone, Tuli, Brahman, Sussex and Charolais cows, respectively.Bos taurusand Brahman cows were heavier at parturition and at calf weaning than indigenous cows. Mashona cows were lightest at both stages. Calves ofBos tauruscows were heaviest at birth and those of Mashona lightest. Calves of Brahman cows had the most rapid growth rate and at weaning (240 days) weighed in kg (s.e.) 207 (3·1), compared with 184 (2·1), 172 (2·2), 187 (2·6), 184 (2·1), 178 (2·7) and 186 (2·9) for progeny of Africander, Mashona, Nkone, Tuli, Sussex and Charolais, respectively. Pre-weaning survival rates of the breeds were not significantly different but viability was higher in progeny of indigenous than exotic breeds. The productivity estimates combining calving rate, cow weight, calf weaning weight and pre-weaning viability demonstrated the superiority of indigenous breeds and the Brahman over Africander andBos taurusbreeds.

Salt-affected land in the shire of Wongan-Ballidu, Western Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Nulsen
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The Road ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Secondary Salinity ◽  
On Farm

A survey was conducted to measure the total area of salt affected land in the Wongan-Ballidu Shire. Initially two survey methods were used: an intense on-farm survey and a broadscale road traverse survey. In the test area there was no net difference in areas of salt land detected by the two survey methods. and the remainder of the shire was surveyed by the road traverse method. Difficulties in objective delineation of areas of primary and secondary salinity precluded accurate determination of each, and only the total salt-affected area could be measured. The total area was 51,975 ha. representing 15.4% of the shire area. Detailed surveys of three 2080 ha sites in the shire showed that in the 18 years between 1958 and 1976 the area of salt land increased by up to 237% with the mean area within sites increasing from 206 ha in 1958 to 541 ha in 1976.

Comparative performance of cattle and buffalo on the Sepik Plains, Papua New Guinea

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (87) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Schottler ◽  
A Boromana ◽  
WT Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Native Pastures

Fifty female Brahman-cross cattle and 50 water buffalo were run on the infertile native pastures of the Sepik lowland plains, Papua New Guinea; half the buffalo, and all the cattle, received mineral supplementation (phosphate, Ca, Cu and Co). After the beginning of the experiment all animals were able to maintain, but not improve, their weights. The liveweights attained were everywhere less than those attained on more fertile pastures elsewhere in Papua New Guinea, the discrepancy being greater for cattle than for buffalo. Supplementation improved both the mean liveweight of buffalo and the growth rate of the calves. Calf mortality was 18 per cent in both species. Despite the longer gestation period, the buffalo produced nearly 50 per cent more calves than the cattle; buffalo more often than not conceived while still lactating, whereas cattle did so only rarely. There was some evidence of a long-term improvement in fertility as a result of supplementation. It is concluded that under these difficult conditions buffalo are a better proposition than cattle.

scholarly journals Effects of ewe live weight and age on reproductive performance, lamb growth, and survival in Central Anatolian Merino sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Aktaş ◽  
Ş. Dursun ◽  
Ş. Doğan ◽  
Z. Kiyma ◽  
U. Demirci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Selection Of

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of premating ewe weight and age on ewe reproductive performance, lamb growth and survival in Central Anatolian Merino (CAM) sheep. <br><br> The trial included 4935 ewes and 5548 lambs from 23 breeder flocks in Eskişehir Province. The live weights (LWs) and ages of the ewes were recorded 1 week before the mating season. The number of lambs born, fertility rate, multiple birth rate (MBR), and lamb survival rate (SR) at days 75 and 120 were determined. The effects of the LW and age of the ewe were found to be important for the reproductive performance of ewes and for the lamb's growth rate (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001). Ewe MBRs and the birth weight (BW) and LW of the lambs at days 75 and 120 increased proportionally with the increase in LW in ewes prior to mating. The fertility rate and MBR were lower (<i>P</i> < 0.05–0.001) in 1.5-year-old ewes than in older ewes. However, lambs' SR at days 75 and 120 were not affected by the premating LW and age of the ewe. In summary, a better reproductive performance and lamb growth rate in CAM flocks may be achieved by the selection of breeding ewes from ewes weighing more than 60 kg.</p>

scholarly journals Reproductive performance and superovulatory endangered Cameroonian Namshi breed (Bos taurus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
L. D. Massoma ◽  
N. M. Ngo ◽  
J. Tchoumboue ◽  
O. Messono
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
Calving Rate

This study was undertaken to determine the reproductive performance of the endangered Bos-taurus Namshi breed of Cameroon. Ovarian response to superovulatory treatment was also evaluated. The following observations were recorded. The average calf mortality rate was 25.71% while the average birth weight was 12.22±0.82kg. The percentage of animals in oestrus during the wet and dry season was respectively 60% and 33.4%. The oestrus cycle length and the oestrus duration were respectively 20.80±1.20d and 7.00±0.80h: corresponding dry season figures for those parameters were 19.00±0.94d and 6.00±0.7h respectively. In the dry season the manifestation of oestrus was 80º during the day and 20º at night while in the wet season it was 55.55% and 44.5% respectively. Postpartum oestrus was at 18 months. The ovarian response to superovulatory treatment was about 6.40±2.50 ovulations per cow. Results indicate that the scarcity of Bos-taurus Namshi breed in Camerron could be attributed to high calf mortality rate, low calving rate and long postpartum periods. Embryo transfer could be a way to rapidly multiply this breed.  

INFLUENCE OF BREED OF SIRE, DIETARY INTAKE AND HOUSING FACILITIES ON THE ATTAINMENT OF PUBERTY IN CROSSBRED GILTS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. DYCK
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
Housing Facilities ◽  
Stimulation Of

The role of diet intake and type of confinement pen in the stimulation of puberty was determined with 483 gilts from a Landrace (L) × Yorkshire (Y) rotational cross over 4 yr. At 160 d of age, gilts were housed either in stalls (S) or groups (G) of eight per pen. They were fed a diet intake level to provide approximately 0.4 kg gain d−1 for the duration of the experiment (C) or 0.0 kg d−1 for the first 2 wk (R) and then as for C. Gilts were checked for estrus once daily with vasectomized boars. AU S gilts had 30 min d−1 of in-pen exposure to mature boars, while G gilts had constant pen line exposure to mature boars. Over the 8-wk period 73.5% of the gilts attained puberty. Diet intake restriction and group penning had similar effects on the mean interval to puberty, with C and R gilts averaging 13.6 ± 1.0 and 17.4 ± 1.0 d (P < 0.01), and S and G gilts averaging 12.3 ± 0.9 and 18.7 ± 1.1 d (P < 0.01). Both the Rand G treatments resulted in a delay in the attainment of puberty as compared to S-penned C gilts. This difference was apparent within 3 d. The delay in puberty associated with diet intake restriction was found only in S-penned gilts and was eliminated 10 d after the R gilts were placed on the C level of diet intake. The group penning delay in attaining puberty was evident for 31 d in Y-sired gilts and to the end of the experiment in L-sired gilts. In L-sired gilts 85.3 and 55.6% of the S and G gilts, respectively, attained puberty (P < 0.05) as compared to 74.6 and 76.9% of the Y-sired gilts. Thus, the ability of the gilt to attain puberty in response to boar exposure is dependent on the breed of gilt, diet intake and pen type, with stalls and an adequate growth rate required for the greatest response. Key words: Gilts, puberty, breed, diet intake, pen type

scholarly journals Intensity of Oestrus Signalling Is the Most Relevant Indicator for Animal Well-Being in High-Producing Dairy Cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Garcia ◽  
Jan Hultgren ◽  
Pontus Fällman ◽  
Johanna Geust ◽  
Bo Algers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Complementary Value

Full signalling of oestrous behaviour is vital for proper timing of AI and good reproductive performance, currently jeopardized by shorter observations of oestrus behaviour. Alternative indicators including progesterone (P4) recordings on-farm are tested. Oestrous intensity of 37 heifers (H) and 30 1st-parity dairy cows (C1) either Swedish Red (32) or Swedish Holstein (35) with high genetic potential for milk production, was studied in relation to AI. P4-levels in blood or milk were monitored on-farm at 0, 7, and 20 d post-AI with a portable ELISA reader (eProCheck800). Avoidance distance and body condition were scored at day 7, and pregnancy diagnosed by P4(day 20) and trans-rectal palpation (day 50). More heifers (46%) than C1-cows (10%) showed standing oestrus (strongest intensity,P<0.05), leading to higher pregnancy rate at d50 (72% versus 37% for C1,P<0.01) and calving rate (H: 64%, C1: 33%,P<0.05). Avoidance distances were short (<1 m), reflecting good human-animal interaction. Visually-recorded standing oestrus yielded 4.8 fold higher odds of pregnancy, respectively 4.6-fold higher odds of calving. On-farm P4-recordings had complementary value yet less accuracy. Intensity of oestrus signalling relates to animal well-being, reflected in pregnancy-to-term being a good indicator for optimal welfare in high-producing dairy cattle.

Analysis of suckler cow reproductive performance and its contribution to financial performance on Irish beef farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. s64-s66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Taylor ◽  
M. McGee ◽  
P. Crosson ◽  
A. K. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Farm Profitability ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
On Farm

The aim of this study was to analyse cow reproductive performance on 37 Irish suckler beef farms and determine how reproductive efficiency influences farm profitability. The main reproductive factors associated with gross output value per livestock unit (GO/LU) were average age at first calving (r=−0.19, P<0.01) and number of months with a calving (r=−0.15, P<0.05). A 1 month increase in average age at first calving was shown to reduce GO/LU by €14 across suckler farms. Average age at first calving was positively correlated with calving interval (r=0.21, P<0.001) and the number of months with a calving (r=0.18, P<0.01). Number of months with a calving was also positively correlated with calf mortality (r=0.21, P<0.01). However, these relationships between reproductive variables had no statistically significant impact on farm financial performance. It is therefore concluded that additional analysis at animal level is required to determine key reproductive indicators contributing to farm profitability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Farming System Type on Piglet Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-572
Author(s):  
Kamila Pokorná ◽  
Jaroslav Čítek ◽  
Kateřina Zadinová ◽  
Monika Okrouhlá ◽  
Nicole Lebedová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
Pig Farming ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Main Factor

Reproductive performance of sows is the main factor influencing the profitability of piglet production, and simultaneously it is a basic indicator of farm management quality. The aim of this study was to compare reproductive performance of sows from intensive and extensive feeder pig operations and the costs on those farms. Evaluated were 42 sows from extensive pig farming and 464 sows from intensive pig farming. Lifelong performance was determined for all sows. The study's results show that sows from intensive pig farming achieved a mean 2.04 fewer lactations per lifetime and were culled earlier (P < 0.0001). The mean total number of live-born piglets was 11.59% lower among sows from intensive pig farming, but these sows achieved 23.35% (P < 0.0001) higher mean number of piglets per litter. Despite shorter mean productive life, sows from intensive pig farming were more profitable. Maximizing the reproductive potential of sows has positive effect on farm profitability, and simultaneously it has no negative effect on sows' reproductive performance.

The effects of pre- and early post-calving management on reproductive performance of beef cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinah Boadi ◽  
M. A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Calving Performance ◽  
Reproduction Condition

One hundred and thirty-four pregnant beef cows (liveweight = 544.3 kg ± 73 3 kg SD; condition score = 3.5 ± 0.3 SD), were randomly assigned in January to five management treatments (combinations of feed restriction and weaning time) to study the effects on calving and rebreeding performance. Twenty-seven were feed-restricted (54.7 MJ DE d−1) for the last 3 mo of pregnancy then realimented (3REST); their calves were weaned in October. Thirty were feed-restricted for the last 3 mo of pregnancy (54.7 MJ DE d−1) and the first 2 mo of lactation (99.6 MJ DE d−1), then their calves were weaned and turned out to graze in June (5REST). The remaining 77 cows (UNREST) were supplemented on range with 153.5 MJ DE d−1 from January until calving. Their calves were weaned in either August (one group of 26 calves directly into a feedlot, a second group of 26 onto unsupplemented range) or October (25 calves directly into a feedlot). All cows grazed together on the range from June onwards. After calving, the restricted (3REST and 5REST) cows were significantly lighter (464.4 and 469.5 kg vs. 506.9 kg) and thinner (condition scores 2.5 and 2.6 vs. 3.0) than the UNREST cows, but the percentage of cows calving calf mortality, assisted births calving dates, udder scores and mean birth weight of calves were not affected (P > 0.05) by pre-calving nutrition. Catch-up growth was evident in both the 3REST and 5REST cows once exposed to higher energy feeding. There were no significant effects (P > 0.05) of the management (nutrition and weaning) treatments on the following year s breeding and calving performance. It is concluded that the combinations of nutrition and weaning used in this study did not necessarily impair calving or rebreeding performance of beef cows, which calved in condition score 2.5 or above. Key words: Beef cows, feed restriction, reproduction, condition score, rebreeding, birthweight

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document