THE EFFECTS OF WITHHOLDING FEED AND WATER ON SELECTIVE BLOOD METABOLITES IN MARKET-WEIGHT BEEF STEERS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. SCHAEFER ◽  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
P. LEPAGE ◽  
N. L. MURRAY
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Serum Chloride

Eighty crossbred beef steers weighing an average of 493.4 ± 3.2 kg were allocated to five treatment groups of 0, 12, 24, 36 or 48 h off feed and water in order to examine the effects on selective blood metabolites. Progressive increases (P = 0.01) were observed in serum chloride, red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit simultaneously with reductions in serum glucose and, by implication, plasma volume. Changes were most noticeable between 24 and 36 h off feed and water. Key words: Cattle, fasting, metabolites, carcass

Splenic red cell sequestration and blood volume measurements in conscious pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. R293-R301 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hannon ◽  
C. A. Bossone ◽  
W. G. Rodkey
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Epinephrine Injection ◽  
Volume Measurements

When estimated by the dilution of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells under nearly basal conditions, immature splenectomized pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 17.8 +/- 1.64 (SD) ml/kg. At an assumed body-to-large vessel hematocrit (BH:LH) ratio of 0.9, plasma volume was 49.6 +/- 3.12 ml/kg and blood volume 67.3 +/- 3.67 ml/kg. Sham-operated pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 16.2 +/- 1.39 ml/kg, a plasma volume of 51.1 +/- 3.42 ml/kg, and blood volume of 67.2 +/- 4.12 ml/kg. Kinetic analysis of early 51Cr loss from the circulating blood of the sham-operated pigs indicated a splenic red cell sequestration of 4.5 +/- 0.89 ml/kg and a t1/2 of 9.76 +/- 1.93 min for splenic red cell turnover. Epinephrine injection (n = 6) and physical restraint (n = 8) caused rapid mobilization of splenic red blood cells in sham-operated pigs. Volume estimates in splenectomized pigs (n = 7) based on simultaneous dilutions of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells and 125I-labeled bovine albumin gave circulating red cell, plasma, and blood volumes of 18.4 +/- 2.46, 60.7 +/- 4.01, and 79.0 +/- 3.51 ml/kg, respectively, and a BH:LH ratio of 0.756 +/- 0.029. The latter value may have reflected an overestimation of plasma volume by the 125I-labeled albumin procedure.

Erythroplateletapheresis: A New Strategy in the Global Apheresis Program

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
G. Menichella ◽  
M. Ciarli ◽  
R. Serafini ◽  
L. Pierelli ◽  
M. Vittori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Mean

Blood donation allowed by cell separators can offer higher performance and higher yield to guarantee better quality and pureness of collected products. New systems for the collection of platelet concentrate (PC) and packed red blood cells (PRBC) are currently available. The aim of our work was to test the possibility of preparing PC routinely from normal apheresis donors in a minimum amount of time while providing a second product. Over a 3-month period we performed 40 procedures using the Hemonetics MCS3P blood cell separator and the Dideco Excel. The mean values of platelet yield were 2.8 x 1011 (range 1.4-4.1) with the MCS3P and 3.49 x 1011 (range 2.9-3.9) with the Excel, in a plasma volume of 240 ml and 215 ml respectively; the PRBC units were added with SAG-Mannitol allowing a storage time of 42 days. Collection times were 71’ and 48’ respectively. Donor tolerance was analogous to phateletapheresis or plasmapheresis.

Effect of Potenmic on the immunity, blood metabolites and antioxidant status of broiler chicks

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Treatment Groups

The aim of the present study was to find the effect of Potenmic supplementation on humoral immunity, some blood metabolites and stress status in broiler. A total of 150 day old broiler birds were divided into five treatment groups. One group was control having crude protein and metabolizeble energy of 22% and 3000 Kcal/kg respectively as a basal diet. Second group was basal diet + 1ml Potenmic dissolved in 1.5 lit of water (NCPot1), third group was basal diet plus 1 ml Potenmic dissolved in 3 lit of water (NCPot2), fourth group was basal diet + 1 ml Potenmic dissolved in 5 lit (NCPot3) of water. Every group was divided into three replicates and each replicates was consisting of 10 birds. Antibody titre against ND was significantly (P<0.01) higher in NCPot1 and NCPot2 in comparison with the control. However, antibody titre against IB was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment groups compared to the control. The H:L was significantly (P<0.01) lower in NCPot1 and NCPot2. Blood glucose was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the treatment groups compared to the control. However, NCPot1 and NCPot2 showed significantly (P<0.05) higher serum glucose and protein concentration compared to the control and other treatment groups. Blood MDA concentration was also significantly (P<0.05) lower in NCPot1 and NCPot2 compared to the control. The results of the present study showed that supplementation of Potenmic improved the immune response, blood metabolites and antioxidant status of broiler.

scholarly journals Blood volume, plasma volume and circulation time in a high-energy-demand teleost, the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brill ◽  
K Cousins ◽  
D Jones ◽  
P G Bushnell ◽  
J F Steffensen
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Circulation Time ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Red Cell

We measured red cell space with 51Cr-labeled red blood cells, and dextran space with 500 kDa fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FITC-dextran), in two groups of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Red cell space was 13.8+/-0.7 ml kg-1 (mean +/- s.e.m.) Assuming a whole-body hematocrit equal to the hematocrit measured at the ventral aortic sampling site and no significant sequestering of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells by the spleen, blood volume was 46. 7+/-2.2 ml kg-1. This is within the range reported for most other teleosts (30-70 ml kg-1), but well below that previously reported for albacore (Thunnus alalunga, 82-197 ml kg-1). Plasma volume within the primary circulatory system (calculated from the 51Cr-labeled red blood cell data) was 32.9+/-2.3 ml kg-1. Dextran space was 37.0+/-3.7 ml kg-1. Because 500 kDa FITC-dextran appeared to remain within the vascular space, these data imply that the volume of the secondary circulatory system of yellowfin tuna is small, and its exact volume is not measurable by our methods. Although blood volume is not exceptional, circulation time (blood volume/cardiac output) is clearly shorter in yellowfin tuna than in other active teleosts. In a 1 kg yellowfin tuna, circulation time is approximately 0.4 min (47 ml kg-1/115 ml min-1 kg-1) compared with 1. 3 min (46 ml kg-1/35 ml min-1 kg-1) in yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) and 1.9 min (35 ml kg-1/18 ml min-1 kg-1) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In air-breathing vertebrates, high metabolic rates are necessarily correlated with short circulation times. Our data are the first to imply that a similar relationship occurs in fishes.

scholarly journals Hematological and biochemical profiles of rats submitted to experimental poisoning with Tityus serrulatus venom

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C.L. Pinto ◽  
M.M. Melo ◽  
M.E.R. Costa ◽  
C.R. Labarrere
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Scorpion Venom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultra Pure Water ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Biochemical Profiles

The hematological and biochemical profiles of newly weaned rats submitted to experimental poisoning with T. serrulatus venom were evaluated. Fifteen recently weaned male Wistar rats (mean weight 130g) were distributed into three equal groups (n = 5). Animals in the control group (group A) received a subcutaneous injection of 400μL of ultra-pure water, while those in the experimental groups received, by identical route, 400μL of a solution containing 100μg (group B) or 450μg (group C) of scorpion venom dissolved in ultra-pure water. Red blood cells indexes, and differential leukocyte and total platelet counts were determined, together with levels of serum glucose, urea, creatinine, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, insulin, and cortisol. No significant differences between the control and experimental groups regarding red blood cells indexes were found. In contrast, significant increases (P<0.05) in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were observed in animals from groups B and C compared with the control group, while the number of platelets decreased. Serum glucose concentration remained unchanged in all groups, but important alterations were observed in the values of urea and creatinine. The results show that scorpion venom was detrimental to renal function as demonstrated by the altered urea and creatinine levels. Pancreatic function was also impaired, as revealed by the increase in amylase activity and the reduction in insulin levels.

Splanchnic blood volume in traumatic shock

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Tourniquet Shock

The distribution of radioiodinated plasma and radioiron-labeled red blood cells between the liver, intestine and spleen were determined during the induction and development of tourniquet shock in mice. The data obtained indicate that plasma and red blood cells are distributed differentially throughout the splanchnic vasculature such that plasma volume of liver, intestine and spleen remain depressed for the entire shock interval, as does splenic red cell volume. After an early decline, the red cell volume of liver and intestine become elevated to a level above control. This differential distribution of plasma and red cells in liver and intestine is attributed to alterations in peripherovascular tone and suggests that a venous component becomes prominent late in shock and may act to pool blood out of active circulation.

Actions of thiocyanate and N-phenylmaleimide on volume-responsive Na and K transport in dog red cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (2) ◽  
pp. C418-C421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Parker ◽  
G. C. Colclasure
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Sulfhydryl Reagent ◽  
K Transport

Two sets of observations suggest a linkage between volume-responsive Na and K transport systems in dog red blood cells. 1) The lyotropic anion thiocyanate inhibits shrinkage-induced Na-H exchange and stimulates swelling-induced K-Cl cotransport. 2) The effect of a brief incubation with N-phenylmaleimide (NPM) on Na and K transport depends on the volume of the cells at the time of exposure to the sulfhydryl reagent. Cells shrunken during the NPM incubation and then brought back to normal volume behave as though they were still shrunken, i.e., they show an increased Na flux and a decreased K flux. Cells incubated with NPM in a swollen state retain fluxes characteristic of swollen cells when returned to a normal volume. The electrophoretic mobility of the membrane-associated enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is influenced by the cell volume at the time of NPM exposure. These findings point to the existence of a system in cells that perceives volume changes and coordinates the responses of membrane transporters.

Effect of polycythemia on vascular volume in the newborn dog

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. H830-H837
Author(s):  
M. H. Leblanc ◽  
K. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Vascular Volume

The effect of polycythemia [hematocrit (Hct) 64-80] on blood volume (BV) was studied in 27 unanesthetized, splenectomized newborn dogs (age 6-14 days, postsplenectomy 5-13 days). Normovolemic polycythemia (N) was induced in nine pups by exchange transfusion with 75 ml/kg of adult, packed (to Hct 95) red blood cells (RBC). Hypervolemic polycythemia (H) was induced in 11 pups by transfusion of RBC (50 ml/kg). Seven pups received exchange transfusion with 75 ml/kg of whole blood and served as controls (C). Red cell volume (RCV, 51CrRBC) and plasma volume (PV, 125I-fibrinogen and Evans blue) were measured prior to and at 1, 2, and 4 h after transfusion, before the pups received fluid orally. The pups were fed 8 ml X kg-1 X h-1 after 4 h, and measurements were repeated at 8 and 24 h. BV fell in C prior to 4 h by 10 +/- 4% (SD) (P less than 0.01) and then rose to initial levels. BV rose in the N pups by 17 +/- 9 (P less than 0.01), 14 +/- 5 (P less than 0.01), 9 +/- 10 (P less than 0.1), 17 +/- 9 (P less than 0.01), and 31 +/- 17% (P less than 0.01) at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h post transfusion. BV rose in the H pups by 41 +/- 8, 35 +/- 10, 23 +/- 11, 27 +/- 6, and 43 +/- 9% (all P less than 0.01). Thus newborn dogs with induced N or H equilibrate rapidly to a BV significantly higher than C levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

INFLUENCE OF GROWTH AND ANABOLIC COMPOUNDS ON COLLAGEN METABOLISM IN GROWING BEEF STEERS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. GOPINATH ◽  
W. D. KITTS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Collagen Metabolism ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Collagen Turnover ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
All Treatment

Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (HYPRO) was used to monitor collagen metabolism 28, 42, 56 and 63 days after treatment of growing steers with implants containing zeranol, DES or Synovex-S. Whereas body weight increased progressively HYPRO excretion decreased in all treatment groups and untreated controls. Treatment with DES increased HYPRO excretion over that of other treatments. These results suggest changes in collagen turnover of steers during growth to maturity. Key words: Hydroxyproline, collagen metabolism, anabolic compounds, steers

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