scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OVER FOUR PARITIES OF GILTS STIMULATED TO EARLY ESTRUS AND MATED AT FIRST, SECOND OR THIRD OBSERVED ESTRUS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. YOUNG ◽  
G. J. KING ◽  
J. S. WALTON ◽  
I. McMILLAN ◽  
M. KLEVORICK
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Average Total Number

One hundred and eighty-seven gilts that were moved, regrouped and exposed to a mature boar at approximately 140 ± 3 d of age and subsequently farrowed to assigned mating at first, second, or third observed estrus as gilts were used to evaluate reproductive performance over four parities. Over the four parities, the average number of litters per initial sow (3.22–3.25); the average litter size 21 d postfarrow (8.3 to 8.6); the average total number of piglets weaned per initial sow (26.9 – 27.7); the number of sows completing four parities (37–40); the average litter weight at 21 d postfarrow (146–148 kg) were similar for each mating group. The age difference of 36.8 d at first mating between those mated on first or third estrus as gilts was maintained until 28 d postfarrowing after the fourth parity (37.1 d). Overall, reproductive performance after four parities was similar for gilts mated at first, second or third observed estrus. Key words: Pigs, reproduction, mating, longevity

THE ACCUMULATIVE EFFECT OF FINNSHEEP BREEDING IN CROSSBREEDING SCHEMES: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED H. FAHMY ◽  
JACQUES J. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Size At Birth

Reproductive performance and body weight were studied on 361 ewes, representing Finnsheep (F), DLS (a population of 1/2 Dorset, 1/4 Leicester, 1/4 Suffolk) and seven combinations ranging from 1/8 to 7/8 Finnsheep breeding. Conception rate in yearlings was 61.5% for DLS compared to 89.0% for F with the crosses being intermediate. Conception rate in older ewes was similar in the different genetic groups (avg. 94%). Ovulation rate and litter size at birth of DLS ewes were 1.72 and 1.44 lambs, which was less than half those of F ewes (3.51 and 2.86 lambs, respectively). Both traits increased progressively with an increase in F breeding in crosses and with advances in age. DLS ewes weaned 1.22 lambs compared to 2.03 lambs for F ewes and 1.84 lambs for 4/8 F ewes. The heaviest litters at weaning (31.7 kg) were raised by 4/8 F ewes, followed by 7/8 F (30.8 kg) while those raised by DLS ewes weighed 23.0 kg and F ewes 29.1 kg. Percentage of ova lost per ewe mated averaged 24% and ranged between 18% (DLS and 1/8 F) and 29% (6/8 F). About 3.6% of lambs were born dead and a further 13.8% died before weaning. Preweaning mortality rate was highest in F (22.9%) and lowest in 3/8 F (9.4%). Average kilograms of lambs weaned per ewe exposed was highest in 4/8 F (27.6 kg) followed by F (26.0 kg), whereas that of DLS was the lowest at 18.1 kg. The 4/8 F cross showed 25% heterosis in kg of lambs weaned per ewe exposed and 52.5% increase over DLS. Significant positive linear regressions were calculated for ovulation rate, litter size and preweaning mortality rate on proportion of Finnsheep breeding in crosses. The relation was quadratic for percent ova lost and lamb mortality at weaning. Yearling DLS females weighted 36 kg compared to 44 kg for F yearlings. However, at 5 yr of age DLS ewes weighed 62 kg, 5 kg heavier than F ewes. The heaviest ewes at all ages were the 4/8 F (45 kg at 1 yr, 65 kg at 5 yr). Key words: Reproduction, DLS sheep, Finnsheep, crossbreeding, heterosis, repeatabilities

scholarly journals The influence of adding estradiol to semen on reproductive performance of sows

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 589-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
P. A. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

One hundred gilts and one hundred mixed-parity sows of Yorkshire and Landrace breeding were inseminated with semen with or without an additional 10 μg estradiol-17β. Pregnancy rates of gilts receiving estradiol-supplemented and control semen were 90 and 79%, respectively (P < 0.09). The estradiol supplementation of semen did not improve the pregnancy rates or litter size in sows. Key words: Swine, artificial insemination, estradiol

scholarly journals Effect of parity on reproductive performance sows of different breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
R. Klimas ◽  
A. Klimienė ◽  
W. Sobotka ◽  
W. Kozera ◽  
P. Matusevičius
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Piglet Survival

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on reproductive performance by sows of different breeds. The sows were raised on three farms, and had seven or more litters of not fewer than seven piglets. A total of 1511 litters from various parities of Lithuanian White (N =721), Large White (N = 162) and Landrace (N = 628) sows were contained in the data that were used in this study. Multiparous sows had larger litters than primiparous sows. Piglet survival rate declined from parity 7. An increase in litter size was observed until parity 5 in Large White and until parity 6 in improved Lithuanian White (P <0.05). In comparison with parity 1, Landrace sows up to parity 5 showed not only increased prolificacy, but also increased number and litter weight of piglets at 21 days old, and the number and litter weight of weaned piglets (P <0.01). The current findings indicate that sows of these breeds can be used effectively in breeding herds until parity 5 and parity 6.Keywords: Landrace, Large White, Lithuanian White, litter size

The influence of purified porcine relaxin on the reproductive performance of sows following artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
A. D. Gooneratne ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Frozen Semen

Pregnancy rates and litter sizes following insemination of sows with fresh-extended and frozen-thawed semen averaged 71 vs. 53% and 10.6 vs. 4.4, respectively, and was not affected by the addition of 12.5 μg relaxin to semen. These results indicate no relaxin mediated effect on either pregnancy rate or litter size when sows are artificially inseminated with relaxin-supplemented semen. Key words: Artificial insemination, relaxin, sows

MASS SELECTION IN A PIG POPULATION. 2. THE EFFECTS OF INBREEDING WITHIN THE SELECTED POPULATIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
HITOSHI MIKAMI ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
A. P. SATHER
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Size At Birth

The regression of reproductive performance of dams and post-natal performance of progeny on inbreeding was examined for a population of replicated lines subjected to mass selection over a period of nine generations. Inbreeding advanced by 2.0–2.3% per generation. Regression coefficients per 1% increase in inbreeding, based on 817 degrees of freedom for first parity sows, were −.56 ±.23 kg for dam weight at first parturition (12 mo), −.48 ±.19 kg for dam weight change from parturition to weaning, −.013 ±.034 for litter size at birth, −.103 ±.033 for litter size at weaning and −1.36 ±.36 kg for litter weight at weaning. Regressions for post-natal traits, estimated for progeny produced by second parity dams during the final three generations (638 df) were 10.3 ± 4.0 g for birth weight, 16.8 ± 32.7 g for weaned weight, −4.53 ± 1.22 g for post-weaning daily gain, −.34 ±.16 mm for backfat,.10 ±.04 cm2 for cross-sectional area of the longissimus dorsi, and.09 ±.04% for estimated yield of trimmed retail product from the carcass.

Reproductive performance over repeated parities of lines of mice selected for appetite, lean growth and fatness

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. Brien ◽  
W. G. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Average Total Number ◽  
Post Implantation

ABSTRACTFemale reproductive performance over four parities was studied for lines of mice selected for one three criteria: appetite (A), total lean mass (P), or proportion of fat (F). Female mice were first bred 8 weeks of age, and thereafter at intervals of about 7 weeks until fourth parity when they were dissected in late pregnancy to measure components of litter size.The high A lines had higher litter sizes at the first three parities and higher ovulation rates, numbers of implantation sites and live foetuses at the fourth parity than the low A lines. The high P lines were also higher than the low P lines for each of these traits. In contrast, litter sizes and ovulation rates differed little between the high and low F lines. Fitting body weight as a covariate removed the high-low differences in ovulation rate and litter size between the P lines, but not all the differences between the A lines.Pre-implantation survival at the fourth parity was slightly lower in the high than in low A and in high than in low P lines. Differences in post-implantation survival were very small. No component of prenatal survival differed substantially at fourth parity between the high and low F lines.Differences in fertility at each parity and the percentages of females surviving to the end of the study were small. At each litter, dams of the high A lines produced heavier total weights of litters at 12 and 21 days than dams of the low A lines and the corresponding high-low differences in the P lines were larger. There were only small differences in these traits between the F lines. When litter size, fertility and survival were summed over parities, the average total number of young produced per female was substantially higher in the high than in the low A lines (5·0 young born alive or dead) and the P lines (7·2), but the high-low difference was small in the F lines (2-0). For all lines, litter size at first parity gave a reliable indication of reproductive rate during a major portion of the reproductive lifespan.

The reproductive performance of Red Sokoto goats in Nigeria

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. Adu ◽  
V. Buvanendran ◽  
C. A. M. Lakpini
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Red Sokoto Goat

SUMMARYAn analysis has been made of the reproductive performance of Red Sokoto goat of Nigeria. Data are based on records of 140 kiddings from 96 does. Age at first kidding was 435 ± 18·9 days. The mean litter size at first kidding was 1·45. Prolificacy increased with parity, the kidding percentages from first to third parities being 141, 186 and 200 respectively. Doe weight was significantly correlated with litter size (r = – 0·27). Repeatabilities of litter size per doe kidding and of litter weight were negative. Heritability of litter size was 0·08 ± 0·02. Birth weights were low, the mean weight of kids during the 3 years ranging from 1·48 to 1·64 kg. Doe weight was related to litter weight in a manner such that litter weight as a proportion of doe weight tended to decline as doe weight increased. The ratio of litter weights of singles to twins at any given weight of the doe was 100:180. Kid mortality by 3 months of age was 30·8 %. Mortality among twins was only slightly higher than singles. However, mortality in kids born in multiple births (triplets and quadruplets) was much higher. Birth weights of surviving kids were significantly higher than of those that died.

Factors affecting reproductive performance of white-tailed deer subjected to fixed-time artificial insemination or natural mating

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Mellado ◽  
Claudia G. Orta ◽  
Eloy A. Lozano ◽  
Jose E. García ◽  
Francisco G. Veliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Game Hunting

The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of several factors affecting fawning rate, litter size, litter weight and neonatal fawn mortality in white-tailed deer inseminated either transcervically or by means of laparoscopy. Oestrus synchronisation with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based protocol and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) was conducted in 130 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus texanus) during three reproductive seasons (2007–2009; 271 services) in a game-hunting ranch in a hot–arid environment (26°4′ N, 101°25′ W). Ninety additional non-treated does were exposed to bucks for natural mating. Fawning rate did not differ between AI methods (40.0 vs 45.0% for transcervical and laparoscopic AI, respectively). Overall fawning rate (proportion of all does fawning after FTAI and a subsequent period of buck exposure) did not differ between transcervical (89.5%), laparoscopic (80.3%) or natural (88.9%) insemination. Litter size per fawning doe was higher (P&lt;0.05) in naturally-served does (1.65±0.48) than in transcervically-inseminated does (1.40±0.51) or in laparoscopically-inseminated does (1.48±0.50). The main conclusion was that no enhancement of fawning rate or litter size occurred as a result of intrauterine deposition of semen by laparoscopy compared with the transcervical insemination technique.

Studies in sow reproduction. 2. The effect of lactation length on the subsequent reproductive performance of the sow

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
M. A. Varley ◽  
P. E. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Large White ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sow Reproduction

SUMMARYForty litters were weaned from their Landrace × Landrace × Large White dams at 2-day intervals to give a range of lactation lengths from 4 to 42 days. A significant (P<0·001) negative curvilinear relationship was observed between lactation length and the interval from weaning to first oestrus. This period was increased by 4·2 days with the reduction of lactation from 42 to 4 days. The relationship between lactation length and the interval from farrowing to remating was significant (P<0·001) and positively linear over the whole range of observations. A decrease of 1 day in lactation length reduced this interval by 0·91 days. Very short lactations were associated with reduced litter size at the following farrowing; sows weaned after lactation lengths between 4 and 21 days had an average litter size of 9–6 piglets born per litter in the next parity, whereas sows weaned following lactation lengths between 21 and 42 days had an average of 12·7 piglets born in the next parity (P<0·01).

CROSSBREEDING SWINE: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SEVEN BREEDS OF SOWS BRED TO PRODUCE CROSSBRED PROGENY

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. FAHMY ◽  
C. S. BERNARD ◽  
W. B. HOLTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Length Of Gestation

Data were obtained from 57 Yorkshire (Y), 44 Landrace (LD), 39 Lacombe (LC), 34 Hampshire (H), 21 Duroc (D), 19 Berkshire (B), and 7 Large Black (LB) gilts farrowing crossbred litters by LD, LC, H, D, B, LB and Tamworth (T) boars in a half polyallel mating design. The traits studied were weight at puberty, number of normal teats, number of services per conception, gestation period, litter size and weight at birth, 21 days and weaning (35 days), average pig weight, mortality rate at birth and during suckling, and change in dam’s weight during nursing. The effect of breed of dam was significant (P < 0.01) on all traits studied except weight at puberty, number of services per conception and mortality rates at birth and during suckling. Gestation period was significantly longer for B, LB and Y than for sows of other breeds. LB sows had the smallest and B the lightest litters, while the largest and heaviest litters at birth, 21 days and weaning were those from LC and Y sows. LC, LD and Y sows had more teats and lost more weight during nursing than other sows. The effect of breed of sire was nonsignificant for all the characters studied. Length of gestation was 0.08 days shorter, weaned litters 0.32 larger and 5.9 kg heavier, and weaned pigs 0.51 kg heavier for sows farrowing their second litter than for gilts. The partial regressions on age of dam at farrowing were not significant except for mortality rate during the suckling period, litter size, litter weight and average pig weight at birth. The crosses with the heaviest litters at weaning were T × LC, T × Y, LB × LD and D × Y, in that order.

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