GROWTH AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GILTS RAISED UNDER SUPPLEMENTARY INFRARED OR MICROWAVE HEAT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. MORRISON ◽  
K. L. LAFOREST ◽  
I. McMILLAN ◽  
L. OTTEN ◽  
D. C. T. PEI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age At First Breeding ◽  
Microwave Heat

Forty-eight newly weaned gilts with an average weight of 7.34 kg were randomly allocated in groups of four to either continuous infrared (CI), operant infrared (OI) or operant microwaves (OM) for 12 or 13 d. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments for average total weight gain or average feed:gain. Pigs allowed OM demanded heat less often (P < 0.05) than the OI pigs (6.50 min h−1 vs. 14.56 min h−1, respectively). All pigs were then raised under normal conditions until puberty and bred. Various reproductive parameters were studied. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments for the age of the gilts at first breeding. However, the gilts raised under OM were significantly (P < 0.05) older at time of farrowing than the gilts raised under CI. More of the OM gilts required a second service. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between gilts raised under OM vs. OI, nor between gilts raised under OI vs. CI for age at farrowing. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between replicates for age at first breeding and age at farrowing. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments or replicates for average number of piglets born alive (overall group mean: 8.5 piglets, ± 2.57), live vs. dead piglets, males vs. females, or average 21-d piglet weights (overall group mean: 5.47 kg, ± 1.00). Key words: Operant conditioning, gilts, microwave, reproduction

EFFECT OF GROUP SIZE ON OPERANT HEAT DEMAND OF PIGLETS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. MORRISON ◽  
K. L. LAFOREST ◽  
I. McMILLAN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference

Eighty newly weaned gilts with an average weight of 7.36 kg were randomly allocated to groups of either two, four, six or eight piglets per pen. The different group sizes were repeated four times. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments (group size) for average total weight gain. There was a difference (P < 0.05) between treatments for the average amount of time (min h−1) of operant supplemental infrared heat demanded by the pigs. There was a difference (P < 0.05) in amount of infrared heat demanded during the day (06:00–18:00 h) vs. night (18:00–06:00 h), (19.07 ± 5.17 vs. 11.27 ± 6.01 min h−1, respectively), for the combined group sizes. There was a difference (P < 0.05) between treatments for the number of overall (24 h) rewarded hits. Both diurnal and overall (24 h) rewarded hits had a significant (P < 0.05) linear trend. For each increase of one pig in the group there was a decrease of 1.56 min h−1 of heat demanded by the pigs. The pigs demanded 32–40% of the total amount of supplementary heat at night. Key words: Group size, operant conditioning, piglet

scholarly journals Growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed graded levels of dry distilled cassava with soluble

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
O. J. Oyedele ◽  
A. O. Olosunde ◽  
T. A. Otunla ◽  
F. H. A. Ajibogun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Consommation Alimentaire ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was carried out to investigate the performance of broilers fed graded levels of Dry Distilled Cassava with Soluble (DDCS). In a 28-day trial, one hundred and forty-four (144), 5-week old, un-sexed Arbor acre strain broiler chicks (average weight of 1.09±0.02 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments of wheat offal (WO) and DDCS (12% WO + 0% DDCS = 0% DDCS; 8% WO + 4% DDCS = 4% DDCS; 4% WO + 8% DDCS = 8% DDCS and 0% WO + 12% DDCS = 12% DDCS) in completely randomized design. Each treatment had 2 replicates of 18 birds each. Dry matter feed intake (FI g/day), daily weight gain (g/day) and total weight gain (kg) decreases with increase in the levels of DDCS, while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) increases with increase in levels of DDCS, respectively. However, there was no significant (P>0.05) differences in the carcass evaluation measured. It was concluded that DDCS could replace wheat offal in the diets of broilers up to 8% without significant difference in growth and feed intake without detrimental effects on carcass quality of the birds.     Cette étude a été réalisée pour étudier la performance des poulets de chair nourris à des niveaux échelonnés de manioc distillé sec avec soluble (le 'DDCS'). Dans un essai de 28 jours, cent quarante-quatre (144) poussins de chair de la souche Arbor acre non sexés de 5 semaines (poids moyen de 1.09 ± 0.02 kg) ont été répartis au hasard dans quatre traitements diététiques d'abats de blé (WO) et DDCS (12% WO + 0% DDCS = 0% DDCS ; 8% WO + 4% DDCS = 4% DDCS ; 4% WO + 8% DDCS = 8% DDCS et 0% WO + 12% DDCS = 12 % DDCS) dans une conception complètement aléatoire. Chaque traitement comportait 2 répétitions de 18 oiseaux chacun. L'apport alimentaire en matière sèche (FI g / jour), le gain de poids quotidien (g / jour) et le gain de poids total (kg) diminuent avec l'augmentation des niveaux de DDCS, tandis que le taux de conversion alimentaire (FCR) augmente avec l'augmentation des niveaux de DDCS, respectivement. Cependant, il n'y avait aucune différence significative (P> 0.05) dans l'évaluation de la carcasse mesurée. Il a été conclu que le DDCS pouvait remplacer les abats de blé dans l'alimentation des poulets de chair jusqu'à 8% sans différence significative de croissance et de consommation alimentaire sans effets néfastes sur la qualité de la carcasse des oiseaux.

scholarly journals Effects of nano mineral-supplemented diet on sow productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Nghia Son
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nano mineral-supplemented diet on sow productivity. The data were estimated by several parameters consisting of piglet live ratio at newborn stage and weaning stage, piglet weight at newborn stage and weaning stage, metal content in piglet livers. The results showed that live ratio of newborn piglets in group III was highest (93.44 ± 2.83%) comparing with other groups. However, there was no significant difference of live ratio in piglets at weaning stage between nano mineral-supplemented groups with control. The birth weight of piglets in nano mineral-supplemented groups was similar to control group. The birth weight of piglets in nano mineral-supplemented groups was ranged from 1,361.61 ± 47.37 grams (group II) to 1,410.48 ± 44.28 grams (group I). However, the average weight of weaned pigs in groups III and IV was higher than other groups (6,772.92 ± 105.47 grams and 6,818.87 ± 89.59 grams). Moreover, the amount of Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn in piglet liver from nano mineral-supplemented groups have been found to be lower than those in control group. These results revealed that the supplement of nano minerals for sows promoted the reproductive performance of sows and reduced mineral content in the liver of piglets. 

scholarly journals Performance and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens fed avocado (Persea americana) seed meal based diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
O. S. George ◽  
G. H. Allison ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Avocado Seed

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of using Avocado seed meal (ASM) as a feed ingredient in broiler chickens feed. One hundred and twenty (120), one day-old cobb breed of broiler chickens were used. There were four (4) experimental diets with diet 1 (T1) serving as the control treatment with no inclusion of avocado seed meal (0.00). Diets 2,3 and 4 contained 0.50,1.00 and 1.50% inclusion of ASM, respectively. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three (3) replicates per treatment. Each treatment had 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in final weight and average weight gain as T2 with 0.50% inclusion of ASM was significantly (P<0.05) higher for final weight (1338.33) and average weight gain (1290.33) than other treatments. While final weight (973.30) and average weight gain (925.33) in T4 with 1.50% inclusion of ASM was significantly lower. There was no significant difference among initial weight, feed intake and FCR. Among all the biochemical parameters observed, only magnesium and urea were significantly different. Mg content was significantly higher in T4 (32.33) and the least was observed in T1 (1.80) while urea content was significantly higher in T1 (1.80) and the least was observed in T3 (1.03). From the performance parameters that was obtained, it was recommended that 0.50% of ASM should be used for broiler production in terms of body weight.

scholarly journals Growth performance of Savanna brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets under intensive managed system

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
A. Ogbiko ◽  
D. N. Tsado ◽  
O. J. Alabi ◽  
T. Z. Adama
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Measurement Height ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and correlation matrix ofSavanna Brown goats fed enzyme treated sawdust diets managed intensively. A total of thirty(30) goats weighting between 5.2 and 5.3 kg were arranged in a completely randomizeddesign. The animals were divided into five dietary Treatments (T) groups with threereplications. Treatment one (1) comprises of animals fed 0 % enzyme treated sawdust whileTreatment 2 (T2), Treatment 3 (T3), Treatment 4 (T4) and Treatment 5 (T5) comprises ofanimals fed 10, 20, 30 and 40 % enzyme treated sawdust diets, respectively. Data on growthperformance parameters, body linear measurement (height at wither, body length, chestgirth, hind leg length, fore leg length, facial length) were measured. Growth performancedata were analyzed using one way analysis of variance. The results of growth performancereveled that animals fed 20 % and 40 % had significantly highest value, these trend wasobserved in total weight gain (T3 = 4900g and T5 = 4833g), average weight gain (T3 = 50gand T5 = 49.32g), total fed intake (T3 = 2956.20 and T5 = 2709.30g) and average feed intake(T3 = 211.16g and T5 = 193.52g). However, in feed conversion ration no significantdifference was observed across all the treatment groups as the value range between 3.87 inanimals fed 40 % to 7.12 in those fed 10 % enzyme treated sawdust diet. A positive andsignificant correlation was observed between body weight and chest girth with highestcorrelations in animals fed 20 % enzyme treated sawdust (0.97). It was therefore concludedthat enzyme treated sawdust can be used in the diets of Savanna Brown goats up to 40 %replacement for maize offal for optimum performance

scholarly journals Effect of Minimal Disease in a Herd on Reproductive Parameters of Sows

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1251
Author(s):  
Pavel Nevrkla ◽  
Zdeněk Hadaš ◽  
Pavel Horký
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minimal Disease ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was evaluation of reproductive performance in sows from herds with minimal disease. Total number of 40 sows were included in the observation and evaluated from the 1st to the 4th parity. The highest reproductive performance was recorded at the 3rd parity. Statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between the 1st and the 3rd parity and highly statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) was recorded between the 2nd and the 3rd parity in number of live‑born piglets. Comparison of numbers of stillborn piglets showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the mean values of the 1st and the 4th parity. The results also showed highly statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) in number of reared piglets between the 3rd and the 4th parity. The conclusions of this study indicate that creation and maintenance of herds of sows with high health status lead to excellent results in the area of pig reproduction.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF POPULATION DENSITY ON THE GROWTH AND EGG-LAYING CAPACITY OF THE AFRICAN GIANT LAND SNAIL Archachatina marginata (Swainson) RAISED IN CAPTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Y. AKEGBEJO-SAMSONS ◽  
O. AKINNUSI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Average Weight Gain

The effects of the population density of adult African, giant land snail, Archachatina marginata on the egg-laying capacity and the growth of the brooders and hatchlings were investigated for 9 months. Ten culture pens were stocked with snails at 20%, 40%, 50%, 80% and 100% capacity with each group in 2 replicates. Average weight gain of brooders was highest in pens stocked at 40% population density while the lowest was in pen stocked at 100%. Average number of eggs laid per snail and average number of eggs per pen followed the same trend in the study. The highest average number of eggs laid per pen was obtained in pens stocked at 60% population density (586) while the least was from pens at 20% population density. The result was the same for the average number of eggs laid per snail i.e. 7.5 eggs in pens stocked at 60% and 4.1 eggs in pens stocked at 20%. There was no significant difference in the weights of hatchlings in the different pens.

scholarly journals Use of Duddingtonia flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of feedlot goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽  
Antonielson dos Santos ◽  
Roberto Alves Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alginate Matrix

This study aimed to evaluate the use of a sodium alginate matrix-pelletized formulation of Duddingtonia flagrans for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. We used 20 Saanen female goats (age, 4 months; average weight, 12 kg) that did not receive anthelmintic treatment and had counting of eggs per gram of faeces (EPGs) ? 500. The animals were divided into two groups: in group 1 (D. flagrans group), each animal received 3 g of pellets (0.6 g of D. flagrans mycelium) per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months; and in group 2 (control group), each animal received 3 g of pellets without fungus per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months. Each group was maintained in a separate 15-m2 stall. Larval cultures and measurements of weight, EPG, and packed cell volume (PCV) were performed every 15 days. We observed low EPG levels in the D. flagrans group throughout the experimental period, with a significant difference (p < 0.05) on day 30 and from day 60, having, at the end of the experiment, average OPG values of only 150, reduction of 92.3% when compared to control group. Haemonchus sp. was the most prevalent helminth in all larval cultures. The D. flagrans group showed a mean weight gain of 8.8 kg at the end of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the control group showed a mean weight gain of 4.8 kg. The best PCV results (p < 0.05) were also observed in the D. flagrans group from day 30. Thus, the use of D. flagrans pellets in a sodium alginate matrix was effective in controlling gastrointestinal nematodiasis of feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.

INFLUENCE OF BREED ON THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF EWES TREATED WITH FLUOROGESTONE-ACETATE-IMPREGNATED INTRAVAGINAL SPONGE AND PREGNANT MARE'S SERUM GONADOTROPHIN DURING THE BREEDING SEASON

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
L. AINSWORTH ◽  
D. P. HEANEY
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Outcome ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Significant Difference

The influence of breed on the reproductive performance of 454 mature ewes treated with fluorogestone acetate (FGA)-impregnated intravaginal sponges and pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) to induce synchronized estrus during the breeding season was studied from 1978 to 1980 at a single location under field conditions. Fertility and fecundity after breeding at the synchronized estrus were, respectively, 79 and 145% for Polled Dorset, 51 and 94% for Suffolk, and 65 and 113% for North Country Cheviot breeds. The fertility and fecundity of the Polled Dorset were significantly higher than those of the Suffolk, but the North Country Cheviot was not significantly different from Polled Dorset and Suffolk breeds. There was no significant difference among the breeds with respect to prolificacy. Significant year-to-year variation in fertility and fecundity, but not in prolificacy, was observed among breeds with respect to FGA-PMSG treatment at the synchronized estrus. We conclude that the use of FGA-impregnated intravaginal sponge and PMSG treatment with appropriate breeds of sheep may further enhance the reproductive outcome of breeding at the synchronized estrus during the breeding season. Key words: Breeds, sheep, FGA sponge, PMSG, reproduction

Reproductive performance, growth and carcass characteristics of gilts mated at puberty, restricted in food intake during gestation and slaughtered post-partum

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Elliot ◽  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
A. Fortin ◽  
Elizabeth Larmond
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Acceptable Range

ABSTRACTSeventy-four Yorkshire gilts, mated at puberty, were used in three experiments to study the effect of severe food restriction, 0·45 kg/day for either the last 15 or 30 days of gestation, on reproductive performance, body-weight change, and carcass quality and meat acceptability. The objective of the experiments was to assess the feasibility of limiting weight gain during gestation to produce an acceptable carcass post-partum, within the market weight range of 55 to 90 kg. Age and weight at puberty averaged 170·3 days and 99·1 kg respectively. Litter size averaged 9·3 liveborn piglets at an average weight of 1·13 kg. The necessary reduction in weight gain during gestation to bring final carcass weight within the acceptable range was associated with a significant reduction in mean individual birth weight to below 1·0 kg. Sensory evaluation of loin and ham joints from mated and unmated gilts of market weight revealed no differences in juiciness or flavour but both loin and ham joints from maiden gilts were significantly more tender than those from gilts that had farrowed and from unmated controls of the same age as those that had farrowed

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