ECONOMIC VALUE OF FEEDER CALVES BETWEEN BREED CROSSES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1050
Author(s):  
ELWIN G. SMITH ◽  
GUNTHER W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Lean Weight

Data on growth and feed conversion efficiency for different breed cross steer calves were analyzed to determine whether there were differences between breed crosses in their economic value as feeder calves. An economic model was used to calculate the value of the steer calves. An analysis of covariance was used to determine whether the value of feeder calves differed between breed crosses for calves of equal weight. Calves were produced by mating Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L), and Chianina (Chi) terminal sires to 10 different types of first-cross dams. Nine of the first-cross dam crosses were produced by mating C, S, and L to Hereford (H), Angus (A), and Shorthorn (N) dams and the tenth cross was Hereford-Angus (HA). The cows were maintained and the calves raised and fed to slaughter at Brandon, Manitoba. Three methods of pricing the finished steers (liveweight, hot carcass weight, and weight of the lean tissue) were used to calculate feeder calf value. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between breeds of the terminal sires and between breed crosses of dams for all three pricing methods. For feeder calf values, the terminal sire progeny breeds ranked Chi ≥ C ≥ S > L for liveweight pricing, Chi > C > S = L for hot carcass weight pricing, and Chi > C ≥ L ≥ S for lean weight pricing. Ranking of the progeny by dam cross indicated CN = LN ≥ CH = SN ≥ CA = LA ≥ SH = SA = LH ≥ HA for liveweight pricing, LN ≥ CN = SN ≥ CH ≥ CA = LA ≥ SH = SA ≥ LH ≥ HA for hot carcass weight pricing, and LN = CN ≥ CH = CA = LA = SN ≥ SH = SA = LH > HA for lean weight pricing. The primary determinants of the differences in feeder calf value between breed crosses were differences in carcass yield and grade, rate of gain on feed, and feed efficiency. Key words: Economic, breed cross, feeder steer, feeder value, lean yield

EFFICIENCY OF FEED UTILIZATION BY THREE-BREED CROSS STEERS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McKAY ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Maternal Grandsire

Feed efficiencies, defined as feed-to-gain or weight ratios, were computed on 1046 steers reared between 1973 and 1978 at the Brandon Research Station. The progeny were out of 10 specific F1 crosses of dams mated to Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L), and Chianina (Chi) bulls with none of the F1 dams being backcrossed. Dam crosses included the Hereford × Angus (HA) and crosses sired by C, S, and L bulls out of Hereford (H), Angus (A), and Shorthorn (N) dams. Feed-to-gain ratios were calculated on a live animal postweaning basis (for both a 140-d test and total liveweight gain from on-test to slaughter) and a carcass basis (hot carcass weight and rough or untrimmed lean, fat, and bone weights of combined cuts). The combined cuts were the rib, long loin (comprising the short loin and the sirloin butt), and round. In the live animal traits, the progeny from the 10 F1 dam crosses did not differ, but on a carcass basis, the progeny from the "exotic" crosses had better feed-to-gain ratios than the HA cross. Differences among the progeny of the "exotic" crosses included: C crosses < L crosses, "exotic" × A and "exotic" × N < "exotic" × H for hot carcass weight; "exotic" × N < "exotic" × H for rough weight of the combined cuts; S crosses < L crosses and "exotic" × N < "exotic" × A for fat and bone weights of the combined cuts; and "exotic" × N < "exotic" × H for fat weight of the combined cuts. There were no significant breed of dam's sire (maternal grandsire) × breed of dam's dam (maternal grand-dam) effects. Differences in breed of dam's sire were C < S for 140-d test, C < L for total liveweight gain, and S < L for bone weight of the combined cuts. Breed of dam's dam differences were N < (A = H) for fat weight of the combined cuts. Breed of terminal sire effects revealed that the progeny from the S and C breeds were similar for all measures of feed efficiency and the L and C breeds were only similar for feed efficiencies expressed on a carcass basis. Progeny from the Chi breed were comparable to the progeny from the C breed but not to the progeny from the S and L breeds in these traits. Key words: Beef cattle, breed crosses, steers, feed efficiency

Genetic parameters of lamb carcass characteristics at three end-points: fat level, age and weight

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Pollott ◽  
D. R. Guy ◽  
D. Croston
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Fixed Weight ◽  
Breed Selection ◽  
Fat Score ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Terminal Sire

AbstractAlthough breed substitution is a very common method of rapidly altering the characteristics of a livestock population, within-breed selection for lamb carcass characters is becoming more widely used in the terminal sire breeds in Britain. Such selection schemes require accurate and applicable genetic parameters for the carcass traits of interest. This paper reports a genetic analysis of 11 traits measured on 3592 lamb carcasses using a derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood technique. Because of the trial design it was possible to estimate the genetic parameters of the traits at comparable fat cover, carcass weight and age at slaughter, using appropriate within-subclass covariates.Heritability estimates for muscle depth (0·23, s.e. 0·04), muscle width (0·32, s.e. 0·05), fat depth (0·31, s.e. 0·05), caliper fat (0·23, s.e. 0·04) and conformation (0·29, s.e. 0·05) were similar in the weight and age-corrected results. Heritabilities for fat cover (0·35, s.e. 0·05), daily carcass weight gain (0·63, s.e. 0·07), and leg conformation (0·44, s.e. 0·05) were higher with slaughter at fixed weight than at fixed age. The heritabilities of traits at comparable fat cover were similar to those at comparable age at slaughter with the exception of daily carcass weight gain, fat depth, caliper fat and leg conformation.The different measures of fat were highly correlated with each other. Conformation was moderately correlated with external fat score, carcass length and muscle depth. Muscle depth was moderately correlated with carcass length. Differences were found between genetic correlations calculated at equal weight, a common point of comparison in breeding schemes, and equal fat cover, a common end-point for slaughter lambs.

scholarly journals Assigning a Value to Volunteering in Requests for Proposals

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110095
Author(s):  
Jakub Dostál
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
A Value ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Volunteer Time

The economic value of volunteering is an increasingly important part of volunteering management. It has become part of public policies. Some requests for proposals (RFP) enable nonprofits to include the value of volunteer time in compulsory co-financing. These RFP include the European Economic Area (EEA) Grants and Norway Grants. This article addresses the relationship in the value of volunteering, also called in-kind volunteering contributions. The research includes two case studies of finances from EEA and Norway Grants in the Czech Republic: the Czech NGO Programme, responsible for allocating grants between 2009 and 2014, and the Active Citizens Fund, responsible for allocating grants between 2014 and 2021. They share elements through the EEA and Norway Grants rules. However, they use different types of specialist replacement wages. The article summarizes the arguments for including in-kind volunteering contributions. It presents the possible values of these contributions in the selected cases, including the relationship between the type of volunteering and the number of hours necessary to achieve these values. The article defines the theoretical basis for calculating the value of in-kind volunteer contributions and illustrates this with real examples of allocations from EEA and Norway Grants.

EMPTY BODY WEIGHTS, CARCASS WEIGHTS AND OFFAL PROPORTIONS IN BULLS AND STEERS OF DIFFERENT MATURE SIZE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
R. E. ROMPALA ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
C. H. WATSON
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Animal Size

Empty body weights, carcass weights and offal proportions were compared in 33 young beef bulls and 33 beef steers of different mature body size (35 small or mainly British breed crosses, 31 large or Continental crosses). All cattle were fed a high energy diet based on corn silage and high moisture corn from weaning to slaughter. Slaughter was carried out once 6 mm of fat had been attained at the 11/12th ribs, determined ultrasonically. Feed was removed 24 h and water 16 h prior to slaughter. The offal components were all weighed fresh and the alimentary components emptied of digesta. Bulls weighed 8.0% heavier (P < 0.05) than steers at slaughter, while large animals were 38.7% heavier (P < 0.0001) than small animals. Bulls and large animals had carcasses that dressed out 1.5% heavier than steers and small animals. To eliminate the effect of gutfill, carcass weights and offal components were expressed as a proportion of empty body weight. Bulls had a higher proportion of warm carcass weight and lower proportions of liver, spleen, heart, lungs, rumen, abomasum, large intestine and front feet relative to empty body weight than steers. Large animals had a greater proportion of warm carcass weight and hind feet, and a lower proportion of head, hide, liver, kidneys, omasum and small intestine relative to empty body weight than small animals. All castration by size interactions for liveweight, carcass weight, empty body weight and offal proportions were not significant. Castration and small animal size both increased the proportion of noncarcass parts relative to empty body weight in animals slaughtered at similar finish. Key words: Body, carcass, offal, bull, steer, maturity

scholarly journals Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on growth and feed conversion efficiency of male lambs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel A Claffey ◽  
Alan G Fahey ◽  
Vasiliki Gkarane ◽  
Aidan P Moloney ◽  
Frank J Monahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Concentrate Inclusion

Abstract Rations (DM basis) for spring-born male lambs consisting of concentrates ad libitum (CON), 50:50 (50% concentrate:50% forage), and forage ad libitum (FORG) were evaluated across feeding periods of three durations (36, 54, and 72 d). Lambs on CON diets were offered ad libitum access to concentrate along with 400 g of fresh weight silage (daily), while 50:50 diets were offered 0.9 and 3.0 kg of concentrate and silage, respectively. Lambs on FORG were offered ad libitum access to 25.5% DM silage. These rations were fed to 99 spring-born male Texel cross Scottish Blackface lambs which were assigned to a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Lambs were slaughtered following completion of their respective treatments. Lambs fed CON diets had greater ADG, FCE, and carcass weight (P &lt; 0.001) and carcasses with greater conformation score (P &lt; 0.001) than lambs fed 50:50 or FORG diets. Duration of feeding had no effect on production variables across all three concentrate inclusion levels. It was concluded that the inclusion of concentrates is needed to adequately finish lambs fed indoors. Feeding lamb’s 50:50 diets resulted in modest responses and may be a viable option for finishing lambs or to maintain growth in lambs when the cost of concentrate feed is high relative to the financial return on the lamb meat.

scholarly journals Comparative performance of Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc breeds of swine

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
C. K. N. Zebua ◽  
M. Muladno ◽  
P. H. Siagian
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Randomized Design

The objectives of this study was to analyze the comparative ability of animal genetic, using evaluation of production that has important economic traits including Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc breeds of swine. A total of 49 swine consist 15 boars and 34 gilts, with average body weight of 18.50-21.50kg were used in this research. All of samples were raised in the same pen and feeding management. This research used the experimental method of Completely Randomized Design involving three treatments of animal breeds including Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc breeds. The data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance procedur General Linier Model and Least Square Means test. Boars and gilts were analyzed in separated data. The result showed that the effect of breed was significantly associated for all traits, but not for boars feed intake. The overall, Yorkshire and Landrace performed better than Duroc for average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, selection index, and age at 90 kg body weight. However, Duroc boars and gilts had the thinnest backfat followed by Yorkshire and Landrace.

scholarly journals Live performance, carcass quality, and economic assessment of over 100kg slaughtered pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1743-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Oliveira ◽  
T.M. Bertol ◽  
A. Coldebela ◽  
J.I. Santos Filho ◽  
A.J. Scandolera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Higher Weights ◽  
Protein Deposit ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

Recent genetic improvement has developed pigs with maximum potential for protein deposit at higher weights; however, their optimal slaughter weight still needs to be determined. The objective of the study was to evaluate live performance, carcass traits, and economic viability of 417 Agroceres PIC pigs slaughtered with 100, 115, 130, and 145kg live weight. Pigs were reared in pens with 10-11 barrows and gilts each, offered a feed allowance of 2.8kg/pig/day until the following slaughter weights (SW): 99.65±0.82kg, 118.53±0.98kg, 133.97±1.17kg, and 143.90±1.24. There was no interaction between sex and SW (P>0.05). Backfat thickness, fat area, and loin eye area linearly increased with SW (P<0.001; R2: 70.12-77.44%), and carcass yield increased in a quadratic manner (P<0.001; R²=24.66%). Lean yield was not affected (P>0.05), and feed conversion ratio (R²=43.29%) linearly worsened with SW (P<0.001), but the effect of SW on live production cost (R$/kg) was quadratic, with the minimum point at 134.8kg. It was concluded that, under the applied management, increasing SW results in larger amount of lean tissue with no change in its yield and little effect on growth performance.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Performa dan Income Over Feed & Chick Cost (IOFCC) Tiga Strain Ayam Broiler yang Beredar di Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfan Zulfan ◽  
Zulfikar Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa tiga strain ayam broiler yang umumnya dipelihara di Aceh. Materi yang digunakan adalah 150 ekor anak ayam broiler (DOC) strain Cobb 500, CP 707, dan MB 202 masing-masing berjumlah 50 ekor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Setiap ulangan merupakan unit percobaan yang masing-masing terdiri dari 10 ekor anak ayam. Perlakuan adalah tiga strain ayam broiler: Cobb 500 (P1), CP 707 (P2), dan MB 202 (P3). Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertambahan berat badan, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum (FCR), mortalitas, dan Income over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan performa broiler dipengaruhi oleh jenis strain. Strain MB 202 dan CP 707 memiliki bobot badan akhir (6 minggu) dan konsumsi ransum nyata (P0,05) lebih tinggi daripada Cobb 500. Angka konversi ransum tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata antara ketiga strain pada semua umur panen. Nilai IOFCC tertinggi dipengaruhi oleh jenis strain dan lama pemeliharaan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa performa broiler dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan adaptasi strain terhadap iklim setempat (pesisir Aceh) pada periode berbeda-beda yang dapat memengaruhi tingkat keuntungannya. Strain Cobb 500 memiliki kemampuan adaptasi lebih baik selama periode awal, sedangkan CP 707 dan MB 202 selama periode akhir. (Evaluation of performances and income over feed chick cost (iofcc) of three broiler chicken strains commonly marketed in Aceh) ABSTRACT. The study aimed to evaluate the performances and Income over Feed and Chick Cost (IOFCC) of three broiler chicken strains commonly marketed in Aceh. As many as 150 chicks of three different broiler strains (50 birds each) were used in this study. The study was performed into Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consists of 3 treatments and 5 replications creating 15 experimental units containing 10 birds each. The treatments were 3 different strains of broiler chickens i.e. Cobb 500, CP 707, and MB 202. The birds were reared up to 6 weeks to expose their performances recorded as final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion, as well as mortality. Economic value was evaluated by calculating IOFCC. Results of study showed that performances of broilers were significantly (P0,05) influenced by the strains. Strains MB 202 and CP 707 represented more superior than Cobb 500 for 5−6 weeks of raising periods. However, the later was not inferior during initial phase close to 4 weeks. There were no significant differences in FCR among all strains for different ages. The IOFCC related to the strains and their marketing ages. The highest IOFCC was obtained by Cobb 500, CP 707, and MB 202 as they were sold at the ages of 4, 5, and 6 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, the achievements of the performances in various broiler strains were affected by the site climate (Aceh) in different stages of their ages. Cobb 500 had proper adaptation during starter, while CP 707 and MB 202 appeared seem to be better than Cobb 500 during finisher period.

scholarly journals Administration of Probiotic sanolife Mic-S on Biological Performance of Vanamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) PL 10

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
Hasim Hasim ◽  
Nadia Baidi ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Rully Tuiyo
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Different Doses

Vannamei shrimp is a fishery commodity that has important economic value for Indonesia. This is indicated by the increasing number and value of exports of this commodity. One of the efforts to encourage the production of vaname shrimp is through the use of probiotics. sanolife-MIC is a probiotic widely used in shrimp culture. The aim of the study was to analyze the feed profile and biological performance of Vaname PL 10 shrimp fed pellets with the Sanolife MIC-S probiotic capsule at different doses. The research method used is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (A: probiotic 0 gr/kg feed; B: probiotic 10 gr/kg feed; C: probiotic 12 gr/kg feed; D: probiotic 14 g/kg feed) and three replicates. What was tested in the study were probiotic profile tests, growth, feed efficiency and feed conversion. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the feed profile that was encapsulated using sanolife MIC-S, the protein value, moisture content and ash content for the feed were shown by treatment B. The best fat content was treatment C. The best crude fiber content was treatment D. Weight growth rate, ratio The best feed conversion and feed efficiency was shown by treatment B, while the length growth and survival was indicated by treatment C.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH CRACKERS BASED ON TYPES OF FISH AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF STARCH

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Dede Zaenal Arif
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Sample Composition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Tapioca Flour ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

The purpose of this research is to produce fish crackers from different types of fish, namely catfish and patin fish as well as different types of starch and know the characteristics of a good fish crackers. The benefit that can be expected from this research was to utilize catfish and patin fish abundant potency and add economic value. The method of this research was divided into two stages, namely the first stage is the stage which determines the range of the comparison with the fish flour, determine the type of fish and determine the type of flour used by using the hedonik method of organoleptic parameters. On the second stage has a purpose and that is to analyze chemical and physical fish crackers by comparison. The data were analyzed using the method of experiment results simple linear variable (x) increase in comparison of fish and flour (part). The free variable (y) consists of the response of the color, flavor, aroma, texture, volume and the development levels of crispness. The type of fish and the type of starch correlated against all response organoleptic, except the catfish and tapioca flour was not correlated against sense, catfish and cornmeal were not correlated against the texture of the fish, and catfish and sago flour not correlated against scent. The highest correlation is indicated by the sample composition of the cornmeal and catfish fish total value index by 17 of the total value of the correlation coefficient in classification. The sample was selected based on organoleptic level consumer favorite is with the composition of samples catfish and tapioca flour with a 1:1 comparison (111). Based on the results of the chemical analysis of protein obtained 24,38%, fat content of 1.6%, levels of starch of 44.69% and water content of 5.5%. Physical analysis of the parameter and the mobilising of the volume development of IE of 146.43% and the level of crispness that is of 0.56 mm/s/50gram.  

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