THE REPLACEMENT VALUE OF CANOLA MEAL FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN POULTRY DIETS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. O. ATTEH ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Poultry Diets

The effects of replacing between 0 and 100% of dietary soybean meal with canola meal was investigated using broiler chicks and laying hens. At the highest inclusion levels, canola meal accounted for 38 and 25% of the diet of broilers and layers, respectively. For broiler chicks, there was no effect of the dietary treatments on feed intake, weight gain or feed efficiency (P > 0.05). Canola meal replaced 100% of dietary soybean meal without any significant effect on protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus or magnesium retention and energy utilization. There was also no significant effect of replacing soybean meal with canola meal on fecal soap concentration, bone ash and bone calcium, phosphorus and magnesium content. There was no significant effect of replacing all dietary soybean meal with canola meal on performance, nutrient retention and bone mineralization in laying hens (P > 0.05). These results suggest that canola meal can replace soybean meal without any adverse effects on general performance, nutrient retention or mineral metabolism of chicks and laying hens. Key words: Canola meal, broiler, layer, performance, nutrient retention

Assessment of tail-end dehulled canola meal for use in broiler diets

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Clark ◽  
H. L. Classen ◽  
R. W. Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Apparent Concentration ◽  
Plant Effects ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Crushing Plant

The value of tail-end partially dehulled canola meal (DCM) was assessed in comparison to the conventional canola meal (CCM) from which it was derived using broiler chickens. CCM obtained from five crushing plants underwent the partial-dehulling. Nutrient retention was determined using 33-d-old broiler chickens and a 21 -d growth study was also conducted. DCMs contained a higher concentration of crude protein and amino acids and the utilization of energy and amino acids was improved. Energy utilization was also affected by crushing plant and there was an interaction between plant and meal type, suggesting that the dehulling was not uniform for meals obtained from the five plants. The DCM had higher digestibilities than the CCM (for 10 amino acids), but there were also plant effects for 7 amino acids. In the second experiment, feed intake, weight gain and mortality levels were not affected by tail end dehulling, but feed efficiency was. The similarity in chick performance and health between the chicks fed DCM and CCM indicates that there was no apparent concentration of anti-nutritional factors. In conclusion, although variability between crushing plants is a concern, tail-end dehulling has potential to increase the quality and marketability of canola meal for poultry diets. Key words: Dehulled canola meal, broiler chickens, metabolizable energy, amino acids, digestibility, growth

ROLE OF SOAP FORMATION IN UTILIZATION OF FULL-FAT CANOLA BY LAYING HENS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. ATTEH ◽  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Laying hens (35 w old) were offered diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20% full-fat canola over an 8-wk period. There were no significant effects of the dietary treatments on egg production, egg weight or egg shell quality (P > 0.05). Although laying hens fed each of the diets consumed similar quantities of feed (P > 0.05), birds consuming diets containing 15 or 20% full-fat canola gained less weight compared to birds fed lower levels of full-fat canola (P < 0.01). There was no difference among treatments for apparent retention of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus or magnesium (P > 0.05) However there was a decrease in both fat retention and energy utilization with an increase in dietary level of full-fat canola (P < 0.01). There was no difference in the fat content of the eggs as affected by the dietary treatments and with the exception of a decrease in proportion of palmitic acid (P < 0.05) and increase of linolenic acid (P < 0.05) increased inclusion of full-fat canola had little effect on egg fatty acid content. There was no significant effect on the dietary treatments on bone ash and bone mineral content. These data suggest that while high levels of full-fat canola have little effect on performance during short-term studies, there is concern of the birds' ability to digest canola lipids. Key words: Full-fat canola, laying hen, bone mineralization

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIETARY SOURCES AND LEVELS OF FAT ON PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT RETENTION AND BONE MINERALIZATION OF BROILER CHICKS FED TWO LEVELS OF CALCIUM

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. ATTEH ◽  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Phosphorus Retention ◽  
Protein Supplements

It is often reported that oil in full-fat seeds is poorly utilized by chicks. Studies were conducted to note the role of fat-mineral interactions for various oil and fat sources. The effects of dietary animal-vegetable blend fat (AV-blend), soybean oil, canola oil or canola soapstock at 5 or 10% inclusion level in the presence of low (0.8%) or high (1.2%) dietary calcium were investigated using broilers from 0 to 3 wk of age. Birds fed canola oil consumed significantly less feed than birds fed AV-blend fat (P < 0.05). Birds fed soybean oil exhibited a superior feed efficiency (P < 0.05). There was no effect of the dietary levels of fat or calcium on feed intake or feed efficiency (P > 0.05). There was no effect of the dietary treatments on protein retention (> 0.05). However, there was variation among the different sources of fat in their effects on fat retention and excreta soap concentration (P < 0.01). Significant interactions were observed between the dietary sources and levels of fat on calcium and magnesium retention (P < 0.01) and phosphorus retention (P < 0.05). There were also interactions between dietary sources of fat and calcium levels on magnesium and phosphorus retention (P < 0.05) while an interaction was observed between dietary levels of fat and calcium on the metabolizable energy values of the diets (P < 0.05). Birds fed diets with animal-vegetable blend fat had the lowest bone calcium content (P < 0.01). It is concluded from this trial that the problem of fat utilization often observed when full-fat protein supplements are fed to birds, relates to factors other than the type of fat they contain, since oils extracted from these full-fat protein supplements are well utilized. Key words: Fat, calcium, broiler performance, mineral metabolism

scholarly journals Effect of Boron Supplementation on Bone Mineralization and Antioxidant Status in Broiler Chicken

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Pradhan ◽  
B. Kumar ◽  
Kantesh B. Banakara ◽  
R.R. Singh ◽  
V.B. Kharadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Poultry Diets

Background: Functionality and requirement of Boron as a trace element in livestock feeding has not been well established. Limited research conducted worldwide suggests B is a trace element known to influence various physiological functions specifically the metabolism of minerals, hormones, immunity and antioxidant defense mechanism; thereby the performance of the birds. The whole grains widely used in poultry diets contain very little boron and currently, there is no definitive information regarding the boron requirement for any class of poultry and inclusion levels are far from standardized. Therefore, the present experiment has been conducted to study the influence of boron on bone mineralization and antioxidant status in broiler.Methods: A total of 240 day-old broiler chicks (Vencob) of mixed sex (avg. BW 47.50±0.26 g) were distributed in a completely randomized design into five treatments each with four replicates of 12 birds (6 of each sex). The dietary treatments involved supplementation of boron at 0 (B-0), 25 (B-25), 50 (B-50), 75 (B-75) and 100 (B-100) mg/kg diet. The birds were offered starter (d 1 to 21) and finisher (d 22 to 42) diet in mash form. At d 42, Whole blood (2 ml) sample was collected for the estimation of total antioxidant status and reduced glutathione by FRAP and DTNB method, respectively. Two birds per replication were selected randomly; sacrificed and right femur bone was collected to measure the bone ash and mineral content.Result: Boron supplementation enhanced the bone ash, calcium and phosphorus content but decreased the manganese and iron content in bone. Supplementation of Boron significantly enhanced (P less than 0.05) the total antioxidant capacity but lowered the plasma reduced glutathione level.

UTILIZATION OF CALCIUM IN CANOLA MEAL SUPPLEMENTED LAYING DIETS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN D. SUMMERS ◽  
DIANE SPRATT ◽  
STEVE LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
High Calcium

White Leghorn pullets were offered a corn, soybean meal laying diet or similar diets containing 15% canola meal. These diets were fed with dietary calcium levels of 3 and 5% and two levels of supplemental phytic acid (0 and 0.2%). A significant decrease in feed intake was noted with the canola meal diets. Poorer shell quality was noted for the canola versus the soybean meal diets, the low vs. high calcium diets and the phytic acid supplemented vs. nonphytic acid supplemented diet. Key words: Canola meal, laying hens, phytic acid, calcium

INTERACTION OF CALCIUM AND SULPHUR IN CANOLA AND SOYBEAN MEAL DIETS FED TO BROILER CHICKS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
M. BEDFORD ◽  
D. SPRATT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Inorganic Sulphur

Several studies were undertaken to investigate the interaction of calcium and sulphur when added to semi-purified diets containing either canola or soybean meal, as the only protein source. High levels of sulphur supplementation reduced the performance of birds fed diets containing both sources of protein; however, it was more severe with canola than with soybean meal diets. Sulphur coming from methionine resulted in poorer bird performance than that coming from cystine. Increasing dietary calcium levels from low to close to the requirement level partially alleviated the detrimental effects of the higher sulphur supplementation. Liver weight was not altered, as a percent of body weight, at the high sulphur levels, suggesting little or no liver involvement in the reduced performance noted. Reduced performance often reported for birds fed canola versus soybean meal diets may well be due, in part, to the higher level of sulphur in canola meal than soybean meal, in particular the inorganic sulphur fraction. However, the present study utilized diets containing 40% canola meal, which is much higher than would be found in practical type diets. Thus care must be taken in extrapolating the present findings to practical conditions. Key words: Chickens, canola, calcium, sulphur, methionine

CANOLA MEAL FOR LAYING HENS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN D. SUMMERS ◽  
E. C. HUNT ◽  
S. LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Laying hens were fed a corn, barley, soybean meal control diet and similar diets in which 10% of canola meal replaced an equal amount of soybean meal protein. One of the canola diets was kept equal in energy to the control diet by the addition of extra dietary fat, while the energy content was allowed to fall for an alternate treatment. While there were slight differences in performance, the main effect noted was a reduction in egg size for birds fed the canola diets. Fatty acid composition of egg yolk, liver and abdominal fat did not differ significantly between the three dietary treatments. In a second trial 10% canola meal was substituted on an isocaloric basis, into a corn-soybean meal basal diet. Over a 48-wk laying period, birds fed canola meal consumed less feed than those fed the soybean meal control which resulted in fewer eggs and also smaller egg size (P < 0.05). Key words: Laying hens, canola meal, egg composition

Effect of vitamin D3 and strontium on performance, nutrient retention, and bone mineral composition in broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 942 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Browning ◽  
A. J. Cowieson
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Bone Composition ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

The therapeutic use of vitamin D3 and strontium has been successful for the treatment of osteoporosis in humans; however, the value of similar strategies in poultry is not clear. Male Ross broiler chicks (n = 216) were used in a 28-day broiler trial to assess effects of vitamin D3 and strontium supplementation on performance, nutrient retention, bone composition, and bone mass. Treatments included an industry-standard control diet and five additional diets where vitamin D3 was added at 5000, 20 000, or 35 000 IU/kg and strontium was added at 0 or 1200 mg/kg in a 3 × 2 factorial design. Broiler chickens supplemented with strontium and additional vitamin D3 did not increase bodyweight; however, there was a significant improvement in feed efficiency at medium levels of vitamin D3, and although not statistically significant, there was also an improvement in feed conversion ratio with strontium supplementation at normal vitamin D3 concentrations. Strontium supplementation at normal levels of vitamin D3 significantly (P < 0.01) increased calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium retention. A high concentration of vitamin D3 produced a significant improvement in apparent metabolisable energy, protein, and dry matter utilisation in the broiler chicken. Paradoxically, however, there was a detrimental effect of high vitamin D3 on bodyweight and feed efficiency, which was partially ameliorated by strontium supplementation. Strontium addition did not change bone mass but did change bone composition. High levels of vitamin D3 significantly (P < 0.01) reduced bone ash content and increased strontium content of bone. In conclusion, both vitamin D3 and strontium have the potential to positively influence the performance, mineral retention, and bone characteristics of broiler chicks. However, as with calcium and phosphorus, vitamin D3 and strontium interact and so more research is required with strontium on the optimum dose rate and its relationship with vitamin D3, calcium, phosphorus, and IGF-1 in broiler nutrition.

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